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Pang YL completed her Bachelor's and Doctoral Degrees in Chemical Engineering in 2009 and 2013 respectively, from Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM). After a year of post-doctoral research at the University of Malaya (UM), she joined Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman (UTAR) in December 2014, until now. She is currently an Assistant Professor in the Department of Chemical Engineering of UTAR. Currently, she is working on research projects related to green chemistry principles such as the utilization of biomass to valuable components and the utilization of any green alternative method to synthesize highly efficient nanomaterials for environmental remediation as well as biofuel production.
Empty fruit bunch (EFB), which is one of the primary agricultural wastes generated from the palm oil plantation, is generally discharged into the open environment or ends up in landfills. The utilization of this EFB waste for other value-added applications such as activated carbon and biofuels remain low, despite extensive research efforts. One of the reasons is that the EFB is highly vulnerable to microbial and fungi degradation under natural environment owning to its inherent characteristic of high organic matter and moisture content. This can rapidly deteriorate its quality and results in poor performance when processed into other products. However, the lignocellulosic components in degraded EFB (DEFB) still largely remain intact. Consequently, it could become a promising feedstock for production of bio-products after suitable pretreatment with organic solvents. In this study, DEFB was subjected to five different types of organic solvents for the pretreatment, including ethanol, ethylene glycol, 2-propanol, acetic acid and acetone. The effects of temperature and residence time were also investigated during the pretreatment. Organosolv pretreatment in ethylene glycol (50 v/v%) with the addition of NaOH (3 v/v%) as an alkaline catalyst successfully detached 81.5 wt.% hemicellulose and 75.1 wt.% lignin. As high as 90.4 wt.% cellulose was also successfully retrieved at mild temperature (80 °C) and short duration (45 min), while the purity of cellulose in treated DEFB was recorded at 84.3%. High-purity lignin was successfully recovered from the pretreatment liquor by using sulfuric acid for precipitation. The amount of recovered lignin from alkaline ethylene glycol liquor was 74.6% at pH 2.0. The high recovery of cellulose and lignin in DEFB by using organosolv pretreatment rendered it as one of the suitable feedstocks to be applied in downstream biorefinery processes. This can be further investigated in more detailed studies in the future.
Danny Chin; Steven Lim; Yean Pang; Chun Lim; Siew Shuit; Kiat Lee; Cheng Chong. Effects of Organic Solvents on the Organosolv Pretreatment of Degraded Empty Fruit Bunch for Fractionation and Lignin Removal. Sustainability 2021, 13, 6757 .
AMA StyleDanny Chin, Steven Lim, Yean Pang, Chun Lim, Siew Shuit, Kiat Lee, Cheng Chong. Effects of Organic Solvents on the Organosolv Pretreatment of Degraded Empty Fruit Bunch for Fractionation and Lignin Removal. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (12):6757.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDanny Chin; Steven Lim; Yean Pang; Chun Lim; Siew Shuit; Kiat Lee; Cheng Chong. 2021. "Effects of Organic Solvents on the Organosolv Pretreatment of Degraded Empty Fruit Bunch for Fractionation and Lignin Removal." Sustainability 13, no. 12: 6757.
Background: Nowadays, effective wastewater treatment has become a hot research topic in the field of environment. A series of novel activated carbon/ titanium dioxide (AC/TiO2) composites at various weight ratio were synthesised using the sol-gel method and were characterised using XRD, SEM-EDX, FT-IR, TGA and surface area analysis. Method: TiO2 particles were successfully incorporated on the AC surface and were mainly composed of Ti, O and C atoms. The AC/TiO2 composites were made up of spherical TiO2 particles agglomerated on the smooth tubular and porous structure of AC. The photocatalytic efficiency was influenced by the weight proportion of AC:TiO2 and the degradation process was attributed to the adsorption and photocatalytic processes. Results: It was found that 2.5 g/L AC/TiO2 at a weight ratio of 3:1 on an initial Malachite Green concentration of 10 mg/L at 50°C led to a degradation efficiency of 96.3% in 7.5 minutes under a halogen lamp. A chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal of 96.7% was also recorded. Reusability of the AC/TiO2 composite and kinetic study of the photodegradation of Malachite Green were also investigated. The recycled AC/TiO2 composite achieved high catalytic performance (83.1%) after one catalytic cycle. Conclusion: The degradation kinetics of Malachite Green at various solution temperatures were fitted to the pseudo-first-order reactions and the activation energy for the degradation of Malachite Green was 21.48 kJ/mol. This work demonstrated that AC/TiO2 composite is a promising material for photocatalytic degradation of organic dyes.
Yean L. Pang; Wen S. Teh; Steven Lim; Ahmad Z. Abdullah; Hwai C. Ong; Chien-Hou Wu. Enhancement of Adsorption-Photocatalysis of Malachite Green Using Oil Palm Biomass-Derived Activated Carbon/ Titanium Dioxide Composite. Current Analytical Chemistry 2021, 17, 603 -617.
AMA StyleYean L. Pang, Wen S. Teh, Steven Lim, Ahmad Z. Abdullah, Hwai C. Ong, Chien-Hou Wu. Enhancement of Adsorption-Photocatalysis of Malachite Green Using Oil Palm Biomass-Derived Activated Carbon/ Titanium Dioxide Composite. Current Analytical Chemistry. 2021; 17 (5):603-617.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYean L. Pang; Wen S. Teh; Steven Lim; Ahmad Z. Abdullah; Hwai C. Ong; Chien-Hou Wu. 2021. "Enhancement of Adsorption-Photocatalysis of Malachite Green Using Oil Palm Biomass-Derived Activated Carbon/ Titanium Dioxide Composite." Current Analytical Chemistry 17, no. 5: 603-617.
Titanium dioxide (TiO2), cellulose and TiO2 immobilised on cellulose at 10–70 wt% were synthesised through hydrothermal method. These samples were characterised by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and Fourier transmission infra-red spectroscopy (FTIR). The TiO2 produced was in an amorphous phase. TiO2 particles were spherical and composed of titanium (Ti) and oxygen (O) elements only. TiO2 showed O-Ti-O bonds due to the presence of TiO2 precursor. Cellulose possesses peak at 2894 cm−1 due to the vibration of the carbon (C) – hydrogen (H) bond. The effect of various parameters such as amount of TiO2 immobilised on cellulose (10–70 wt%), catalyst concentration (0.3 g/L to 1.1 g/L), dye concentration (20 ppm to 100 ppm), solution pH (pH 1 to 9) and solution temperature (27 °C to 65 °C) for photocatalytic degradation were studied in order to determine the optimum conditions. It was found that the highest photocatalytic degradation efficiency of malachite green (78.27%) after 1 h was achieved in the presence of 50 wt% TiO2 immobilised on cellulose (50 T/C) at the optimum conditions with the catalyst concentration of 0.9 g/L, initial dye concentration of 20 ppm, natural solution pH 5 and solution temperature of 27 °C. In addition, 100% chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal was achieved at the prescribed optimum condition. In the reusability study, it was found that the reused 50 T/C which regenerated through washing by distilled water and 0.1 M of sodium hydroxide maintained high photocatalytic activity (78%) after three catalytic cycles. This study proved that appropriate amount of TiO2 immobilised on cellulose potentially to be used as an effective and efficient photocatalyst to degrade the organic dye in water.
Y.L. Pang; H.S. Chuo; S. Lim; W.C. Chong. Photocatalytic degradation of malachite green using titanium dioxide immobilised on oil palm empty fruit bunch derived cellulose. Materials Today: Proceedings 2021, 46, 2017 -2023.
AMA StyleY.L. Pang, H.S. Chuo, S. Lim, W.C. Chong. Photocatalytic degradation of malachite green using titanium dioxide immobilised on oil palm empty fruit bunch derived cellulose. Materials Today: Proceedings. 2021; 46 ():2017-2023.
Chicago/Turabian StyleY.L. Pang; H.S. Chuo; S. Lim; W.C. Chong. 2021. "Photocatalytic degradation of malachite green using titanium dioxide immobilised on oil palm empty fruit bunch derived cellulose." Materials Today: Proceedings 46, no. : 2017-2023.
An enormous amount of research had been dedicated to exploring the nanotechnology over the past decade. The fast-paced development of nanomaterial production has enhanced the application of zinc oxide (ZnO) in a wide variety field. ZnO nanoparticles can be obtained mechanically or chemically for commercial use. However, the environmental issues raised by these techniques have been brought to the world’s attention. Nowadays, green synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles is of particular interest in the research field aiming to mitigate environmental problems. In this green approach, natural based materials such as plant extract, microbes, fungus and algae are used as bio-reductants and bio-stabilizers due to their enrichment in bioactive phytochemicals. Numerous studies have proven that the green synthesis is facile and feasible to produce ZnO nanopowder with advanced properties as compared to the chemically synthesized ZnO nanoparticles. In order to make the green synthesized ZnO nanoparticles more applicable in a wide range of uses, surface modification using metal and non-metal ions are applied to alter and improve the properties of ZnO nanoparticles. The findings available currently represent an excellent initial step towards the promising green approach in the synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles and additional work should be undertaken to exploit the application of green synthesis in the commercial platform.
Yin Yin Chan; Yean Ling Pang; Steven Lim; Woon Chan Chong. Facile green synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles using natural-based materials: Properties, mechanism, surface modification and application. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering 2021, 9, 105417 .
AMA StyleYin Yin Chan, Yean Ling Pang, Steven Lim, Woon Chan Chong. Facile green synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles using natural-based materials: Properties, mechanism, surface modification and application. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering. 2021; 9 (4):105417.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYin Yin Chan; Yean Ling Pang; Steven Lim; Woon Chan Chong. 2021. "Facile green synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles using natural-based materials: Properties, mechanism, surface modification and application." Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering 9, no. 4: 105417.
In this work, silver doped zinc oxide nanoparticles were successfully prepared using green synthesis. The prepared samples were then characterized by the means of X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), UV–Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The samples were found to have high crystallinity and purity. A reduction in the size was observed in silver doped ZnO nanoparticles as compared to pristine ZnO nanoparticles due to the lattice distortion induced by dopant. The introduction of silver dopant into the lattice structure also led to band gap narrowing. Evaluation of sonocatalytic degradation was carried out through parameter study including the types of plants used to synthesize silver doped ZnO nanoparticles, initial dye concentration (20 mg/L to 40 mg/L), catalyst loading (0.75 g/L to 2.0 g/L) and different types of dye. ZnO nanoparticles synthesized using Asian pigeonwings flower with 5 wt% of silver doping performed the best in the sonocatalytic degradation among all the samples. The degradation efficiency of Congo red was optimized at operating conditions with 20 mg/L of initial dye concentration and 1.75 g/L of catalyst loading. In addition, the biosynthesized silver doped ZnO nanoparticles show excellent sonocatalytic performance in the degradation of various types of dye. In short, this work provides exposure for developing the removal of hazardous organic dye pollutants using green synthesized ZnO nanoparticles with silver doping under ultrasound irradiation.
Yin Yin Chan; Yean Ling Pang; Steven Lim; Woon Chan Chong. Sonocatalytic degradation of Congo red by using green synthesized silver doped zinc oxide nanoparticles. Materials Today: Proceedings 2021, 46, 1948 -1953.
AMA StyleYin Yin Chan, Yean Ling Pang, Steven Lim, Woon Chan Chong. Sonocatalytic degradation of Congo red by using green synthesized silver doped zinc oxide nanoparticles. Materials Today: Proceedings. 2021; 46 ():1948-1953.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYin Yin Chan; Yean Ling Pang; Steven Lim; Woon Chan Chong. 2021. "Sonocatalytic degradation of Congo red by using green synthesized silver doped zinc oxide nanoparticles." Materials Today: Proceedings 46, no. : 1948-1953.
The conversion of carbon-rich biomass into valuable material is an environmental-friendly approach for its reutilization. In this study, coconut shell–derived biochar, graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4), g-C3N4/biochar, titanium dioxide (TiO2)/biochar, zinc oxide (ZnO)/biochar, and ferric oxide (Fe2O3)/biochar were synthesized and characterized by using scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), surface area analysis, UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), and zeta potential analysis. The g-C3N4 or metal oxide particles were found to be well-distributed on the coconut shell–derived biochar with the improvement in thermal stability and enlargement of specific surface area. A great reduction in band gap energy was observed in the composite materials after incorporating with the biochar. Among different biochar composites, g-C3N4/biochar was found to have the highest photocatalytic activity. The interactive effect of parameters such as catalyst dosage, peroxymonosulfate (PMS) oxidant dosage, and solution pH on the photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange was investigated using the response surface methodology (RSM). The highest photocatalytic degradation efficiency (96.63%) was achieved at catalyst dosage of 0.75 g/L, oxidant dosage of 0.6 mM, and solution pH 3 after 30 min.
Yean Ling Pang; Zhi Xuan Law; Steven Lim; Yin Yin Chan; Siew Hoong Shuit; Woon Chan Chong; Chin Wei Lai. Enhanced photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange by coconut shell–derived biochar composites under visible LED light irradiation. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2021, 28, 27457 -27473.
AMA StyleYean Ling Pang, Zhi Xuan Law, Steven Lim, Yin Yin Chan, Siew Hoong Shuit, Woon Chan Chong, Chin Wei Lai. Enhanced photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange by coconut shell–derived biochar composites under visible LED light irradiation. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2021; 28 (21):27457-27473.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYean Ling Pang; Zhi Xuan Law; Steven Lim; Yin Yin Chan; Siew Hoong Shuit; Woon Chan Chong; Chin Wei Lai. 2021. "Enhanced photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange by coconut shell–derived biochar composites under visible LED light irradiation." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 28, no. 21: 27457-27473.
Iron-doped titanium dioxide loaded on activated carbon (Fe–TiO2/AC) was successfully synthesized from oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) using sol-gel method. The properties of the synthesized pure TiO2, Fe-doped TiO2, AC, TiO2/AC and Fe–TiO2/AC were examined by various techniques such as field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), UV–Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV–Vis DRS) and nitrogen adsorption-desorption analyses at 77 K. FE-SEM revealed that Fe-doped TiO2 particles were dispersed homogeneously on the AC surface. FT-IR demonstrated high surface hydroxylation after Fe doping on TiO2 and UV–Vis DRS showed that Fe–TiO2/AC had the lowest band gap energy. Catalytic performance results proved that Fe dopants could restrict the recombination rate of hole and electron pairs, whereas AC support improved the Malachite Green (MG) adsorption sites and active sites of the hybrid catalyst. Photocatalytic degradation of 100 mg/L MG in the presence of 1.0 g/L 15 wt% Fe–TiO2 incorporated with 25 wt% AC, initial solution pH of 4 and 3 mM H2O2 could achieve the highest removal efficiency of 97% after 45 min light irradiation. This work demonstrates a promising approach to synthesis an inexpensive and efficient Fe–TiO2/AC for the photocatalytic degradation of organic dye.
Wei Wen Loo; Yean Ling Pang; Steven Lim; Kam Huei Wong; Chin Wei Lai; Ahmad Zuhairi Abdullah. Enhancement of photocatalytic degradation of Malachite Green using iron doped titanium dioxide loaded on oil palm empty fruit bunch-derived activated carbon. Chemosphere 2021, 272, 129588 .
AMA StyleWei Wen Loo, Yean Ling Pang, Steven Lim, Kam Huei Wong, Chin Wei Lai, Ahmad Zuhairi Abdullah. Enhancement of photocatalytic degradation of Malachite Green using iron doped titanium dioxide loaded on oil palm empty fruit bunch-derived activated carbon. Chemosphere. 2021; 272 ():129588.
Chicago/Turabian StyleWei Wen Loo; Yean Ling Pang; Steven Lim; Kam Huei Wong; Chin Wei Lai; Ahmad Zuhairi Abdullah. 2021. "Enhancement of photocatalytic degradation of Malachite Green using iron doped titanium dioxide loaded on oil palm empty fruit bunch-derived activated carbon." Chemosphere 272, no. : 129588.
The current work reports the preparation of cellulose, titanium dioxide (TiO2), and cellulose/TiO2 composite for the sonocatalytic degradation of Congo Red. Cellulose was extracted from the oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) was conducted with alkali treatment, acid hydrolysis, and bleaching. TiO2 and cellulose/TiO2 composite were prepared through hydrothermal route. Characterization studies of the prepared sonocatalysts were performed with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and surface area analysis. FTIR analysis revealed the functional groups of C–O, C–H, O–H, Ti–O, Ti–O–Ti, Ti–OH in the cellulose/TiO2 composite. The crystal structure of cellulose I was observed in cellulose, while the cellulose, mixture of anatase and rutile phases were being detected in both TiO2 and cellulose/TiO2 composite. SEM analysis demonstrated smooth surface of cellulose and spherical TiO2 particles in the cellulose and TiO2, respectively. The immobilization of TiO2 on the surface of cellulose did not affect the surface morphologies in the cellulose/TiO2 composite sample at mass ratio of 0.1:1. The Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) measured specific surface areas for cellulose, TiO2, and cellulose/TiO2 were 0.5829 m2/g, 149.65 m2/g, and 141.9259 m2/g, respectively. The sonocatalytic degradation efficiencies of Congo Red by cellulose, TiO2, and cellulose/TiO2 composite were 1%, 34%, and 48%, respectively at an initial dye concentration of 10 mg/L, catalyst loading of 0.5 g/L, treatment time of 30 min, ultrasonic frequency of 24 kHz and ultrasound power of 280 W.
Y.D. Chai; Y.L. Pang; S. Lim; W.C. Chong. Sonocatalytic degradation of Congo Red using biomass-based cellulose/TiO2 composite. Materials Today: Proceedings 2020, 42, 50 -55.
AMA StyleY.D. Chai, Y.L. Pang, S. Lim, W.C. Chong. Sonocatalytic degradation of Congo Red using biomass-based cellulose/TiO2 composite. Materials Today: Proceedings. 2020; 42 ():50-55.
Chicago/Turabian StyleY.D. Chai; Y.L. Pang; S. Lim; W.C. Chong. 2020. "Sonocatalytic degradation of Congo Red using biomass-based cellulose/TiO2 composite." Materials Today: Proceedings 42, no. : 50-55.
The presence of pharmaceutical compounds, particularly, paracetamol in water is of significant environmental concern due to their undesirable effects on aquatic organisms and poor biodegradability. The present work investigated the efficient degradation of paracetamol in water using sonophotocatalytic process in the presence of iron (Fe)-doped titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles. The effects of Fe doping into TiO2 and calcination temperatures were investigated using field emission scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, nitrogen adsorption–desorption analysis and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. It was discovered that 3 wt% Fe dopants into TiO2 nanoparticles with suitable calcination temperature at 600 °C could improve the sonophotocatalytic activity remarkably toward the degradation of paracetamol. The degradation efficiency of 100% was achieved under optimal experimental conditions, namely 5 mg/L initial paracetamol, 1 g/L 3 wt% Fe-doped TiO2-600, solution pH of 5, 0.5 mM of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) after 30-min ultrasonic power of 296 W, ultrasonic frequency of 50 kHz and ultraviolet wavelength of 302 nm. These findings are crucial for designing Fe-doped TiO2 nanoparticles with high catalytic performance for the degradation of paracetamol and appeared as an alternative solution to treat pharmaceutical compounds effectively.
Hui Cheng Yap; Yean Ling Pang; Steven Lim; Chin Wei Lai; Ahmad Zuhairi Abdullah. Enhanced sonophotocatalytic degradation of paracetamol in the presence of Fe-doped TiO2 nanoparticles and H2O2. Environmental Earth Sciences 2020, 79, 1 -12.
AMA StyleHui Cheng Yap, Yean Ling Pang, Steven Lim, Chin Wei Lai, Ahmad Zuhairi Abdullah. Enhanced sonophotocatalytic degradation of paracetamol in the presence of Fe-doped TiO2 nanoparticles and H2O2. Environmental Earth Sciences. 2020; 79 (19):1-12.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHui Cheng Yap; Yean Ling Pang; Steven Lim; Chin Wei Lai; Ahmad Zuhairi Abdullah. 2020. "Enhanced sonophotocatalytic degradation of paracetamol in the presence of Fe-doped TiO2 nanoparticles and H2O2." Environmental Earth Sciences 79, no. 19: 1-12.
This study produced a novel polysulfone (PSF) membrane for dye removal using lemon-derived carbon quantum dots-grafted silver nanoparticles (Ag/CQDs) as membrane nanofiller. The preparation of CQDs was completed by undergoing hydrothermal treatment to carbonize the pulp-free lemon juice into CQD solution. The CQD solution was then coupled with Ag nanoparticles to form Ag/CQDs nanohybrid. The synthesized powders were characterized in terms of morphologies, functional groups and surface charges. A set of membranes was fabricated with different loadings of Ag/CQDs powder using the nonsolvent-induced phase separation (NIPS) method. The modified membranes were studied in terms of morphology, elemental composition, hydrophilicity and pore size. In addition, pure water flux, rejection test and fouling analysis of the membranes were evaluated using tartrazine dye. From the results, 0.5 wt % of Ag/CQD was identified as the optimum loading to be incorporated with the pristine PSF membrane. The modified membrane exhibited an excellent pure water permeability and dye rejection with improvements of 169% and 92%, respectively. In addition, the composite membrane also experienced lower flux decline, higher reversible fouling and lower irreversible fouling. This study has proven that the addition of CQD additives into membrane greatly improves the polymeric membrane’s properties and filtration performance.
Jin Yee Gan; Woon Chan Chong; Lan Ching Sim; Chai Hoon Koo; Yean Ling Pang; Ebrahim Mahmoudi; Abdul Wahab Mohammad. Novel Carbon Quantum Dots/Silver Blended Polysulfone Membrane with Improved Properties and Enhanced Performance in Tartrazine Dye Removal. Membranes 2020, 10, 175 .
AMA StyleJin Yee Gan, Woon Chan Chong, Lan Ching Sim, Chai Hoon Koo, Yean Ling Pang, Ebrahim Mahmoudi, Abdul Wahab Mohammad. Novel Carbon Quantum Dots/Silver Blended Polysulfone Membrane with Improved Properties and Enhanced Performance in Tartrazine Dye Removal. Membranes. 2020; 10 (8):175.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJin Yee Gan; Woon Chan Chong; Lan Ching Sim; Chai Hoon Koo; Yean Ling Pang; Ebrahim Mahmoudi; Abdul Wahab Mohammad. 2020. "Novel Carbon Quantum Dots/Silver Blended Polysulfone Membrane with Improved Properties and Enhanced Performance in Tartrazine Dye Removal." Membranes 10, no. 8: 175.
Kok Poh Wai; Chai Hoon Koo; Yean Ling Pang; Woon Chan Chong; Woei Jye Lau. In situ immobilization of silver on polydopamine-coated composite membrane for enhanced antibacterial properties. Journal of Water Process Engineering 2020, 33, 1 .
AMA StyleKok Poh Wai, Chai Hoon Koo, Yean Ling Pang, Woon Chan Chong, Woei Jye Lau. In situ immobilization of silver on polydopamine-coated composite membrane for enhanced antibacterial properties. Journal of Water Process Engineering. 2020; 33 ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKok Poh Wai; Chai Hoon Koo; Yean Ling Pang; Woon Chan Chong; Woei Jye Lau. 2020. "In situ immobilization of silver on polydopamine-coated composite membrane for enhanced antibacterial properties." Journal of Water Process Engineering 33, no. : 1.
Photocatalysis is an ecofriendly technique that emerged as a promising alternative for the degradation of many organic pollutants. The weaknesses of the present photocatalytic system which limit their industrial applications include low-usage of visible light, fast charge recombination, and low migration ability of the photo-generated electrons and holes. Therefore, various elements such as noble metals and transition metals as well as non-metals and metalloids (i.e., graphene, carbon nanotube, and carbon quantum dots) are doped into the photocatalyst as co-catalysts to enhance the photodegradation performance. The incorporation of the co-catalyst which alters the photocatalytic mechanism was discussed in detail. The application of photocatalysts in treating persistent organic pollutants such as pesticide, pharmaceutical compounds, oil and grease and textile in real wastewater was also discussed. Besides, a few photocatalytic reactors in pilot scale had been designed for the effort of commercializing the system. In addition, hybrid photocatalytic system integrating with membrane filtration together with their membrane fabrication methods had also been reviewed. This review outlined various types of heterogeneous photocatalysts, mechanism, synthesis methods of biomass supported photocatalyst, photocatalytic degradation of organic substances in real wastewater, and photocatalytic reactor designs and their operating parameters as well as the latest development of photocatalyst incorporated membrane.
Weng Shin Koe; Jing Wen Lee; Woon Chan Chong; Yean Ling Pang; Lan Ching Sim. An overview of photocatalytic degradation: photocatalysts, mechanisms, and development of photocatalytic membrane. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2019, 27, 2522 -2565.
AMA StyleWeng Shin Koe, Jing Wen Lee, Woon Chan Chong, Yean Ling Pang, Lan Ching Sim. An overview of photocatalytic degradation: photocatalysts, mechanisms, and development of photocatalytic membrane. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2019; 27 (3):2522-2565.
Chicago/Turabian StyleWeng Shin Koe; Jing Wen Lee; Woon Chan Chong; Yean Ling Pang; Lan Ching Sim. 2019. "An overview of photocatalytic degradation: photocatalysts, mechanisms, and development of photocatalytic membrane." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 27, no. 3: 2522-2565.
In this research, biomass from oil palm empty fruit bunch was used as the carbon precursor and sulfonated by 4-benzenediazonium sulfonate (4-BDS) to produce solid acid catalyst. The as-synthesized catalysts were characterized and the performances were tested in esterification of palm fatty acid distillate (PFAD) for biodiesel production. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) showed that clear porous and rough carbon surface was successfully developed after calcination which favored the attachment of sulfonic groups. Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) result showed that the catalyst was thermally stable up to 600 °C. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) proved that S = O and -SO3H sulfonic groups were successfully attached to the carbon catalyst. From the catalytic activity tests, the results showed that the catalyst which was calcined at 200 °C and sulfonated with 15:1 sulfanilic acid to AC ratio was the optimum catalyst as it provided the highest biodiesel yield. Further investigation showed that the reaction time of 7 h and 20 wt.% of catalyst loading were reported as optimum esterification conditions which provided the highest biodiesel yield at 98.1%.
Steven Lim; Chin Yi Yap; Yean Ling Pang; Kam Huei Wong. Biodiesel synthesis from oil palm empty fruit bunch biochar derived heterogeneous solid catalyst using 4-benzenediazonium sulfonate. Journal of Hazardous Materials 2019, 390, 121532 .
AMA StyleSteven Lim, Chin Yi Yap, Yean Ling Pang, Kam Huei Wong. Biodiesel synthesis from oil palm empty fruit bunch biochar derived heterogeneous solid catalyst using 4-benzenediazonium sulfonate. Journal of Hazardous Materials. 2019; 390 ():121532.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSteven Lim; Chin Yi Yap; Yean Ling Pang; Kam Huei Wong. 2019. "Biodiesel synthesis from oil palm empty fruit bunch biochar derived heterogeneous solid catalyst using 4-benzenediazonium sulfonate." Journal of Hazardous Materials 390, no. : 121532.
Nowadays, the current synthesis techniques used in industrial production of nanoparticles have been generally regarded as nonenvironmentally friendly. Consequently, the biosynthesis approach has been proposed as an alternative to reduce the usage of hazardous chemical compounds and harsh reaction conditions in the production of nanoparticles. In this work, pure, iron (Fe)-doped and silver (Ag)-doped zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles were successfully synthesized through the green route using Clitoria ternatea Linn. The optical, chemical, and physical properties of the biosynthesized ZnO nanoparticles were then analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), UV–Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), zeta potential measurement, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and surface analysis. The biosynthesized ZnO nanoparticles were crystallized with a hexagonal wurtzite structure and possessed smaller particle sizes than those of commercially or chemically produced samples. The existence of biomolecules to act as reducing and stabilizing agents from C. ternatea Linn aqueous extract was confirmed using FTIR analysis. The biosynthesized ZnO nanoparticles mainly comprised of negatively charged groups and responsible for moderately stable dispersion of the nanoparticles. All these properties were favorable for the sonocatalytic degradation of Congo red. Sonocatalytic activity of ZnO nanoparticles was studied through the degradation of 10 mg/L Congo red using ultrasonic irradiation at 45 kHz and 80 W. The results showed that the sonocatalytic degradation efficiency of Congo red in the presence of biosynthesized ZnO nanoparticles prepared at 50 °C for 1 h could achieve 88.76% after 1 h. The sonocatalytic degradation efficiency of Congo red in the presence of Ag-doped ZnO was accelerated to 94.42% after 10 min which might be related to the smallest band gap energy (3.02 eV) and the highest specific surface area (10.31 m2/g) as well as pore volume (0.0781 cm3/g). Lastly, the biosynthesized ZnO nanoparticles especially Ag-doped ZnO offered significant antibacterial potential against Escherichia coli which indicated its ability to inhibit the normal growth and replication of bacterial cells. These results affirmed that the biosynthesized ZnO nanoparticles could be used as an alternative to the current chemical compounds and showed a superior sonocatalytic activity toward degradation of Congo red.
Yin Yin Chan; Yean Ling Pang; Steven Lim; Chin Wei Lai; Ahmad Zuhairi Abdullah; Woon Chan Chong. Biosynthesized Fe- and Ag-doped ZnO nanoparticles using aqueous extract of Clitoria ternatea Linn for enhancement of sonocatalytic degradation of Congo red. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2019, 27, 34675 -34691.
AMA StyleYin Yin Chan, Yean Ling Pang, Steven Lim, Chin Wei Lai, Ahmad Zuhairi Abdullah, Woon Chan Chong. Biosynthesized Fe- and Ag-doped ZnO nanoparticles using aqueous extract of Clitoria ternatea Linn for enhancement of sonocatalytic degradation of Congo red. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2019; 27 (28):34675-34691.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYin Yin Chan; Yean Ling Pang; Steven Lim; Chin Wei Lai; Ahmad Zuhairi Abdullah; Woon Chan Chong. 2019. "Biosynthesized Fe- and Ag-doped ZnO nanoparticles using aqueous extract of Clitoria ternatea Linn for enhancement of sonocatalytic degradation of Congo red." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 27, no. 28: 34675-34691.
Biodiesel is one of the alternative fuels developed to replace or substitute conventional diesel and can be utilized in the compression ignition engines without the need for much modification. Biodiesel can be produced from non-edible sources of vegetable oil. Jatropha curcas Linnaeus is identified as one of the best sources of non-edible oil. In this research, Jatropha oil and its biomass was used to synthesise the catalyst for biodiesel production. SEM and FTIR were used to characterise the synthesised catalyst. All samples showed convoluted fibrous surface structure, with small regular texturing and highly irregular surface. Jatropha oil was used as the feedstock for biodiesel synthesis via esterification and transesterification reaction with excess methanol. The effect of pyrolysis temperature ranging from 350 °C to 600 °C, volume of concentrated sulfuric acid used from 40 ml to 120 ml and sulfonating temperature from 50 °C to 100 °C towards the free fatty acid (FFA) conversion were investigated. It was found that catalyst synthesised at 500 °C pyrolysis temperatures, 120 ml sulfuric acid used and 50 °C sulfonation temperatures produced the highest FFA conversion at 89.76 %, 85.59 % and 65.72 % respectively.
Steven Lim; Pang Yean Ling; Leong Weng Jun. Synthesis and characterisation of carbon-based solid acid catalyst from Jatropha biomass for biodiesel production. INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON GREEN AND SUSTAINABLE TECHNOLOGY (ISGST2019) 2019, 2157, 020052 .
AMA StyleSteven Lim, Pang Yean Ling, Leong Weng Jun. Synthesis and characterisation of carbon-based solid acid catalyst from Jatropha biomass for biodiesel production. INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON GREEN AND SUSTAINABLE TECHNOLOGY (ISGST2019). 2019; 2157 (1):020052.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSteven Lim; Pang Yean Ling; Leong Weng Jun. 2019. "Synthesis and characterisation of carbon-based solid acid catalyst from Jatropha biomass for biodiesel production." INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON GREEN AND SUSTAINABLE TECHNOLOGY (ISGST2019) 2157, no. 1: 020052.
Litchi chinensis-like ZnO were successfully synthesized by Citrullus lanatus-mediated sol-gel method. The aqueous extract of Citrullus lanatus fruit rind can be acted as stabilizing and reducing agent in the process formation of ZnO. Scanning electron microscopy showed that the as-synthesized ZnO were accumulated by many small particles and formed litchi chinensis-like structure. X-ray diffraction and fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy analyses proved that the as-synthesized ZnO were highly crystalline with the wurtzite structure. The Ag decorated ZnO photocatalysts (Ag/ZnO) were also synthesized to enhance the photocatalytic activity. Under sunlight irradiation, Ag/ZnO demonstrated higher photocatalytic activity towards the degradation of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid compared to that of ZnO. The photocatalytic enhancement of Ag/ZnO could attribute to the effective charge carriers separation which could helps to increase the reactive radicals quantities. The observed results exhibited the potential of photocatalytic technology in purifying wastewater over Ag/ZnO composites.
Pang Yean Ling; Jin-Chung Sin; Sze Mun Lam; Yean-Ling Pang. Citrullus lanatus mediated-green synthesis of Ag/ZnO composite for photocatalytic degradation of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON GREEN AND SUSTAINABLE TECHNOLOGY (ISGST2019) 2019, 2157, 020043 .
AMA StylePang Yean Ling, Jin-Chung Sin, Sze Mun Lam, Yean-Ling Pang. Citrullus lanatus mediated-green synthesis of Ag/ZnO composite for photocatalytic degradation of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON GREEN AND SUSTAINABLE TECHNOLOGY (ISGST2019). 2019; 2157 (1):020043.
Chicago/Turabian StylePang Yean Ling; Jin-Chung Sin; Sze Mun Lam; Yean-Ling Pang. 2019. "Citrullus lanatus mediated-green synthesis of Ag/ZnO composite for photocatalytic degradation of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid." INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON GREEN AND SUSTAINABLE TECHNOLOGY (ISGST2019) 2157, no. 1: 020043.
A novel titanium dioxide/activated carbon (TiO2/AC) composite where AC derived from oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) was synthesised by using sol–gel method. All the samples were characterised by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX), Fourier transformed infrared (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and surface analyser. SEM analysis showed that TiO2 particles were successfully embedded and well distributed on the AC surface. The elemental composition analysis found that the TiO2/AC composite contained titanium (Ti), oxygen (O) and carbon (C) atoms. Meanwhile, the appearance of new band at about 960 cm−1 which assigned to the Ti–O stretching was observed in the FTIR spectra when the AC was incorporated into TiO2. TGA analysis showed that the weight loss of 32 wt.% from 150 to 550 °C was due to the decomposition of amorphous carbon layers and loss of hydroxyl groups on TiO2. It was found that the TiO2/AC composite had better performance in the sonocatalytic degradation of malachite green as compared to the individual AC and TiO2 because the TiO2/AC composite had dual functionality and huge number of active sites which could promote the mass transfer of dye molecules towards catalyst surface. By using 1.5 g/L of TiO2/AC composite which calcined at 700 °C on 100 mL of 200 mg/L of malachite green at solution pH of 7, a degradation efficiency of 87.11% had been achieved after 30 min of ultrasonic irradiation. A lower chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal (81.75%) was observed because the structured dye molecules underwent mineralisation process during the sonocatalytic degradation to generate intermediate compounds. The TiO2/AC composite was able to be recycled and still achieved a high degradation efficiency of 76.78% after second catalytic cycle as compared to the fresh TiO2/AC composite with degradation efficiency of 87.11%. In conclusion, the TiO2/AC composite had high reusability and promising for practical applications in textile industry.
Yean Ling Pang; Steven Lim; Raymond Kuok Liang Lee. Enhancement of sonocatalytic degradation of organic dye by using titanium dioxide (TiO2)/activated carbon (AC) derived from oil palm empty fruit bunch. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2019, 27, 34638 -34652.
AMA StyleYean Ling Pang, Steven Lim, Raymond Kuok Liang Lee. Enhancement of sonocatalytic degradation of organic dye by using titanium dioxide (TiO2)/activated carbon (AC) derived from oil palm empty fruit bunch. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2019; 27 (28):34638-34652.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYean Ling Pang; Steven Lim; Raymond Kuok Liang Lee. 2019. "Enhancement of sonocatalytic degradation of organic dye by using titanium dioxide (TiO2)/activated carbon (AC) derived from oil palm empty fruit bunch." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 27, no. 28: 34638-34652.
Among many other sustainable functional nanomaterials, nanocellulose is drawing increasing interest for use in environmental remediation technologies due to its numerous unique properties and functionalities. Nanocellulose is usually derived from the disintegration of naturally occurring polymers or produced by the action of bacteria. In this review, some invigorating perspectives on the challenges, future direction, and updates on the most relevant uses of nanocellulose in environmental remediation are discussed. The reported applications and properties of nanocellulose as an adsorbent, photocatalyst, flocculant, and membrane are reviewed in particular. However, additional effort will be required to implement and commercialize nanocellulose as a viable nanomaterial for remediation technologies. In this regard, the main challenges and limitations in working with nanocellulose-based materials are identified in an effort to improve the development and efficient use of nanocellulose in environmental remediation.
Katrina Pui Yee Shak; Yean Ling Pang; Shee Keat Mah. Nanocellulose: Recent advances and its prospects in environmental remediation. Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology 2018, 9, 2479 -2498.
AMA StyleKatrina Pui Yee Shak, Yean Ling Pang, Shee Keat Mah. Nanocellulose: Recent advances and its prospects in environmental remediation. Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology. 2018; 9 (1):2479-2498.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKatrina Pui Yee Shak; Yean Ling Pang; Shee Keat Mah. 2018. "Nanocellulose: Recent advances and its prospects in environmental remediation." Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology 9, no. 1: 2479-2498.
Emerging contaminants (ECs) are commonly originated from personal care products, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, pesticides, dioxins, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and alkylphenolic compounds. Due to the huge development of these industries, these ECs have been constantly detected in wastewater, groundwater, and surface water in hazardous quantity. The discharge of these ECs into the environment causes considerable non-esthetic pollution and could be a great threat to the entire ecosystem. The common wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) which consist of biological, physical, and chemical treatments such as activated sludge, filtration, adsorption, and coagulation are found to be ineffective for desired removal of ECs. In turn, various emerging advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) such as ultrasonic and ultraviolet irradiation with or without the presence of catalyst have raised great attention due to their great potential in remediation of ECs. This paper presents a critical review on types, recent occurrence, sources, environmental impacts, and emerging treatment methods applicable to treat ECs. The current research and applications of ultrasonic, ultraviolet, and combination of both irradiations to treat ECs in wastewater are particularly reviewed. The effect of key parameters on photo-, sono- and, sonophotocatalytic degradation of ECs are commendably accessed such as ultrasonic power, ultrasonic frequency, light intensity, ultraviolet wavelength, solution pH, oxidizing agents, chemical additives, catalyst dosage, and modification of catalyst. The possible reaction mechanisms of ECs degradation process and kinetic model study are also elucidated in detail. Lastly, future research directions and conclusions are proposed to strengthen the understanding on their fate in water. All this information is vital to predict the negative impacts of ECs on the receiving environment effectively.
H. C. Yap; Y. L. Pang; S. Lim; Ahmad Zuhairi Abdullah; Hwai Chyuan Ong; C.-H. Wu. A comprehensive review on state-of-the-art photo-, sono-, and sonophotocatalytic treatments to degrade emerging contaminants. International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology 2018, 16, 601 -628.
AMA StyleH. C. Yap, Y. L. Pang, S. Lim, Ahmad Zuhairi Abdullah, Hwai Chyuan Ong, C.-H. Wu. A comprehensive review on state-of-the-art photo-, sono-, and sonophotocatalytic treatments to degrade emerging contaminants. International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology. 2018; 16 (1):601-628.
Chicago/Turabian StyleH. C. Yap; Y. L. Pang; S. Lim; Ahmad Zuhairi Abdullah; Hwai Chyuan Ong; C.-H. Wu. 2018. "A comprehensive review on state-of-the-art photo-, sono-, and sonophotocatalytic treatments to degrade emerging contaminants." International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology 16, no. 1: 601-628.
Tang Zo Ee; Steven Lim; Pang Yean Ling; Wong Kam Huei; Ong Hwai Chyuan. Synthesis of seaweed based carbon acid catalyst by thermal decomposition of ammonium sulfate for biodiesel production. GREEN AND SUSTAINABLE TECHNOLOGY: 2nd International Symposium (ISGST2017) 2017, 1828, 20009 .
AMA StyleTang Zo Ee, Steven Lim, Pang Yean Ling, Wong Kam Huei, Ong Hwai Chyuan. Synthesis of seaweed based carbon acid catalyst by thermal decomposition of ammonium sulfate for biodiesel production. GREEN AND SUSTAINABLE TECHNOLOGY: 2nd International Symposium (ISGST2017). 2017; 1828 ():20009.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTang Zo Ee; Steven Lim; Pang Yean Ling; Wong Kam Huei; Ong Hwai Chyuan. 2017. "Synthesis of seaweed based carbon acid catalyst by thermal decomposition of ammonium sulfate for biodiesel production." GREEN AND SUSTAINABLE TECHNOLOGY: 2nd International Symposium (ISGST2017) 1828, no. : 20009.