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Prof. Arts Joa
Faculty of Spatial Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen 9727, Netherlands

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Research Keywords & Expertise

0 Environmental and social impact assessment
0 Environmental, spatial and infrastructure planning
0 Integrated, life-cycle and area-oriented planning approaches
0 Evaluation methods (multi criteria analysis, social cost benefit analysis, ex post evaluation, follow-up)
0 Adaptive planning and management

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Environmental and social impact assessment
Institutional analysis and design

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Original manuscript
Published: 11 July 2021 in Tijdschrift voor Economische en Sociale Geografie
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Projects for road infrastructure and spatial development easily meet public resistance because of a lack of local knowledge of place values by (often non-local) planners. The aim of this study is to explore how insights in place values might improve the local knowledge base for planners of integrated road infrastructure projects and spatial development. We developed, tested and analysed the results from a novel online value-mapping tool called the ‘Place Value Identifier’. The developed method allows us to (i) relate to ‘soft’ valuable places identified by Public Participation GIS as a complement to ‘hard’ land use data, (ii) define Valued yet Unprotected places based on combining ‘hard’ and ‘soft’ values and (iii) illustrate how these insights can be used for integrated planning of road infrastructure projects. The findings of this study show the increased potential of value mapping techniques and illustrate possible resistance areas around road infrastructure planning projects. This knowledge may assist planners in creating and selecting acceptable project alternatives that may invoke high public acceptance.

ACS Style

Anne Marel Hilbers; Frans J. Sijtsma; Tim Busscher; Jos Arts. Identifying Citizens' Place Values for Integrated Planning of Road Infrastructure Projects. Tijdschrift voor Economische en Sociale Geografie 2021, 1 .

AMA Style

Anne Marel Hilbers, Frans J. Sijtsma, Tim Busscher, Jos Arts. Identifying Citizens' Place Values for Integrated Planning of Road Infrastructure Projects. Tijdschrift voor Economische en Sociale Geografie. 2021; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Anne Marel Hilbers; Frans J. Sijtsma; Tim Busscher; Jos Arts. 2021. "Identifying Citizens' Place Values for Integrated Planning of Road Infrastructure Projects." Tijdschrift voor Economische en Sociale Geografie , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 20 April 2021 in Environmental Impact Assessment Review
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Follow-up is a vital component of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA), being essential for understanding assessment outcomes. Long-standing international best practice principles for EIA follow-up are reviewed, and revisions proposed, based on workshops with academics and practitioners, literature review and self-reflection. The proposed revision of EIA follow-up principles will feature an introduction with a simple definition and explanation of objectives for follow-up, and 15 principles. The revised principles address: objective; context; early establishment; project life-cycle; transparency; accessibility; accountability; performance criteria provision; enforcement; learning; adaptive environmental management; flexible or adaptive approach; tiering; cumulative effects and overall performance evaluation. Through publishing this proposal, it is hoped to simultaneously inform or inspire EIA practitioners to enhance their own follow-up knowledge and practices, and to seek input for further refinements that might lead to a revised set of international best practice principles for EIA follow-up.

ACS Style

Angus Morrison-Saunders; Jos Arts; Alan Bond; Jenny Pope; Francois Retief. Reflecting on, and revising, international best practice principles for EIA follow-up. Environmental Impact Assessment Review 2021, 89, 106596 .

AMA Style

Angus Morrison-Saunders, Jos Arts, Alan Bond, Jenny Pope, Francois Retief. Reflecting on, and revising, international best practice principles for EIA follow-up. Environmental Impact Assessment Review. 2021; 89 ():106596.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Angus Morrison-Saunders; Jos Arts; Alan Bond; Jenny Pope; Francois Retief. 2021. "Reflecting on, and revising, international best practice principles for EIA follow-up." Environmental Impact Assessment Review 89, no. : 106596.

Journal article
Published: 06 February 2021 in Sustainable Cities and Society
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Land use and transport integration (LUTI) has been promoted around the world as essential for sustainable urbanization. Using Seoul as a case study, this paper critically examines if and how LUTI policy can bring positive social outcomes, including accessibility and quality of life, in rapidly-growing megacities. We explored stakeholder views about the experience of these outcomes in different localities, and about critical elements and processes needed to enhance social outcomes. Our research identified that facilitating compact urban form around transport nodes does not guarantee increased accessibility or livelihood opportunities. The outcomes are closely related to the quality of development around nodes, accessibility to public facilities, local mobility, and functionality of pedestrian paths. Ensuring sustainability of social outcomes from LUTI approach requires: balancing restrictions and incentives to control quality of development around nodes; creating cost-effective strategies to maintain local environmental quality; applying flexible rules to address varying priorities and opportunities in different localities; and multi-level planning that balances the responsibilities of metropolitan and local stakeholders to facilitate desired outcomes. We conclude that, in rapidly-growing cities, a flexible and holistic approach to integration should be applied to reflect diverse needs and local circumstances and to ensure fair benefits across the city.

ACS Style

Juhyun Lee; Jos Arts; Frank Vanclay. Stakeholder views about Land Use and Transport Integration in a rapidly-growing megacity: Social outcomes and integrated planning issues in Seoul. Sustainable Cities and Society 2021, 67, 102759 .

AMA Style

Juhyun Lee, Jos Arts, Frank Vanclay. Stakeholder views about Land Use and Transport Integration in a rapidly-growing megacity: Social outcomes and integrated planning issues in Seoul. Sustainable Cities and Society. 2021; 67 ():102759.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Juhyun Lee; Jos Arts; Frank Vanclay. 2021. "Stakeholder views about Land Use and Transport Integration in a rapidly-growing megacity: Social outcomes and integrated planning issues in Seoul." Sustainable Cities and Society 67, no. : 102759.

Journal article
Published: 03 December 2020 in Sustainability
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Cities in Southeast Asia face various institutional barriers to cope with climate and water-related challenges. Several international programs for urban flood resilience therefore stress the importance of local institutional capacity building in initiating and delivering flood adaptation solutions. However, research to provide insights and recommendations into whether and how such international resilience programs could enable the building of local institutional capacities remains scarce. To bridge this gap, this paper presents an analytical framework to study institutional capacity building by international resilience programs, focusing on intellectual, social and political capital. The central case is the development and implementation of the Water as Leverage (WaL) program in Semarang, Indonesia. Our main results show that this program was able to stimulate the integration of knowledge, building of local coalitions and creation of adaptation narratives, which contributed to developing six strategic climate resilience proposals. This paper reflects on institutional strengths and weaknesses, and concludes that although the WaL program introduced an innovative approach for collaboration between international experts, urban designers and local stakeholders, sustaining momentum for the reflexive learning process, involving city-based NGOs and establishing formal links with decision makers were key challenges that hindered the development of institutional capacities to implement the developed proposals.

ACS Style

Naim Laeni; Margo Brink; Tim Busscher; Henk Ovink; Jos Arts. Building Local Institutional Capacities for Urban Flood Adaptation: Lessons from the Water as Leverage Program in Semarang, Indonesia. Sustainability 2020, 12, 10104 .

AMA Style

Naim Laeni, Margo Brink, Tim Busscher, Henk Ovink, Jos Arts. Building Local Institutional Capacities for Urban Flood Adaptation: Lessons from the Water as Leverage Program in Semarang, Indonesia. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (23):10104.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Naim Laeni; Margo Brink; Tim Busscher; Henk Ovink; Jos Arts. 2020. "Building Local Institutional Capacities for Urban Flood Adaptation: Lessons from the Water as Leverage Program in Semarang, Indonesia." Sustainability 12, no. 23: 10104.

Journal article
Published: 17 October 2020 in Futures
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Contemporary infrastructure networks require large investments especially due to aging. Network-of-networks investment opportunities are often obscured because current scenarios and strategies often concern single infrastructure networks. Major barriers to the construction and use of network-of-networks scenarios are institutional fragmentation and the disconnection of scenario-development phases. This paper aims to construct and enhance the use of network-of-networks scenarios through a participatory scenario process. We employed a hybrid-method approach comprising document analysis, Disaggregative Policy Delphi, and futures-oriented workshop for five large national infrastructure administrations in the Netherlands. This approach yielded twelve key infrastructure developments for which 28 infrastructure experts provided future estimates. We constructed seven scenarios through cluster analysis of experts’ quantitative estimates, qualitative direct content analysis of the qualitative data, and a futures table. The scenarios are: Infraconomy; Techno-pessimism; Safety; Technological; Missed Boat; Hyperloop; and Green. Our results stress the importance of collaboration: desired scenarios are improbable when infrastructure administrations maintain their current sectoral perspective, whereas an inter-sectoral perspective may generate more investment opportunities. However, these network-of-networks investment opportunities do not simply emerge from network-of-networks scenarios; reasons include administrators’ prevailing conception that sufficient optimization capacity remains within their own networks, and that no common ground exists that helps overcoming institutional fragmentation.

ACS Style

Robin Neef; Stefan Verweij; Tim Busscher; Jos Arts. A common ground? Constructing and exploring scenarios for infrastructure network-of-networks. Futures 2020, 124, 1 .

AMA Style

Robin Neef, Stefan Verweij, Tim Busscher, Jos Arts. A common ground? Constructing and exploring scenarios for infrastructure network-of-networks. Futures. 2020; 124 ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Robin Neef; Stefan Verweij; Tim Busscher; Jos Arts. 2020. "A common ground? Constructing and exploring scenarios for infrastructure network-of-networks." Futures 124, no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 18 September 2020 in Sustainability
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In recent decades, stakeholder engagement had been gaining momentum in planning practice. More recently, at the heart of the discussions about collaborative endeavours stands the concept of co-creation, an umbrella term for multiple forms of collaboration between stakeholders, which is seen as an approach for fostering new and innovative solutions for highly complex challenges. Despite this idyllic representation, co-creation does not always lead to positive outcomes. One reason is that co-creation poses major operationalization challenges, which make it a significant subject for research. In this article, we explore the conditions that allow co-creation practices aimed at fostering innovation and creativity in infrastructure projects to take place and flourish. Based on the review of literature on co-creation, on the analysis of project-related documents, and on in-depth, semi-structured interviews with the stakeholders, this article follows the co-creation process of the Overdiepse polder project, part of the innovative Dutch water management programme ‘Room for the River’. The results show that co-creation is an iterative process that depends on conditions related to the context, the characteristics of the stakeholders and their relationships, but also on the design and dynamics of the process. The results of this study can be of help to researchers, academics, and professionals interested in studying or applying co-creative approaches.

ACS Style

Maria Rădulescu; Wim Leendertse; Jos Arts. Conditions for Co-Creation in Infrastructure Projects: Experiences from the Overdiepse Polder Project (The Netherlands). Sustainability 2020, 12, 7736 .

AMA Style

Maria Rădulescu, Wim Leendertse, Jos Arts. Conditions for Co-Creation in Infrastructure Projects: Experiences from the Overdiepse Polder Project (The Netherlands). Sustainability. 2020; 12 (18):7736.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Maria Rădulescu; Wim Leendertse; Jos Arts. 2020. "Conditions for Co-Creation in Infrastructure Projects: Experiences from the Overdiepse Polder Project (The Netherlands)." Sustainability 12, no. 18: 7736.

Journal article
Published: 22 July 2020 in Sustainability
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This paper investigates how social outcomes from urban transport projects typically play out by reflecting on multi-scale spatial changes induced by projects over time, and the extent to which such changes meet varied interests in project outcomes. We use a multi-methods case study approach using two exemplars, a metro project in London and Seoul, which established extensive public transport networks to support urban growth. Our study highlighted that urban transport network expansion does not always enhance life opportunities for all due to intermediate and cumulative impacts of spatial changes induced by projects. Immediate benefits such as enhanced accessibility were often undermined by long-term consequences of incremental spatial changes at local scales. This study also indicated that differential patterns of spatial changes around nodes between centre and periphery could be attributed to multiple negative impacts on people living in the most deprived areas. To enhance social outcomes, we suggest an integrated approach to urban transport and spatial development that focuses on scale and temporal dimensions of spatial transformation enacted by projects. In conclusion, achieving sustainable and equitable effects from urban transport infrastructure requires careful examination of broader societal consequences of long-term spatial changes and locational contexts, especially function and socio-economic conditions.

ACS Style

Juhyun Lee; Jos Arts; Frank Vanclay; John Ward. Examining the Social Outcomes from Urban Transport Infrastructure: Long-Term Consequences of Spatial Changes and Varied Interests at Multiple Levels. Sustainability 2020, 12, 5907 .

AMA Style

Juhyun Lee, Jos Arts, Frank Vanclay, John Ward. Examining the Social Outcomes from Urban Transport Infrastructure: Long-Term Consequences of Spatial Changes and Varied Interests at Multiple Levels. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (15):5907.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Juhyun Lee; Jos Arts; Frank Vanclay; John Ward. 2020. "Examining the Social Outcomes from Urban Transport Infrastructure: Long-Term Consequences of Spatial Changes and Varied Interests at Multiple Levels." Sustainability 12, no. 15: 5907.

Articles
Published: 13 July 2020 in Journal of Environmental Policy & Planning
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In response to the rising climatic impacts on worldwide urbanized deltas, the Netherlands has strategically and politically framed Dutch water management as a global water solution for improving water safety and flood protection in other countries such as Vietnam. Being renowned for its water management approach, the Netherlands is particularly active in sharing water knowledge, insights, and policies internationally. This paper connects a framing perspective to policy translation studies to understand the role of language and meaning-making in the cross-border travel of policies. Adopting a framing perspective, it presents four dimensions of water policy translation concerning how policy frames are being created and interpreted – during the cross-border travel. The paper follows the process of the Dutch water management approach being ‘packaged’ as global water solutions and ‘translated’ to inform the development of the Vietnamese Mekong Delta Plan of 2013. The results show that although similar concepts, metaphors and narratives could be witnessed in this translation process, the local use and interpretation of these concepts remain challenging. Inclusive engagement, shared and comprehensive understanding, and continuous exchange and learning processes could help to improve cross-border policy-making for sustainable delta management.

ACS Style

N. Laeni; M. A. Van Den Brink; E. M. Trell; E. J. M. M. Arts. Going Dutch in the Mekong Delta: a framing perspective on water policy translation. Journal of Environmental Policy & Planning 2020, 23, 16 -33.

AMA Style

N. Laeni, M. A. Van Den Brink, E. M. Trell, E. J. M. M. Arts. Going Dutch in the Mekong Delta: a framing perspective on water policy translation. Journal of Environmental Policy & Planning. 2020; 23 (1):16-33.

Chicago/Turabian Style

N. Laeni; M. A. Van Den Brink; E. M. Trell; E. J. M. M. Arts. 2020. "Going Dutch in the Mekong Delta: a framing perspective on water policy translation." Journal of Environmental Policy & Planning 23, no. 1: 16-33.

Research article
Published: 10 June 2020 in Impact Assessment and Project Appraisal
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Good practice social impact assessment (SIA) should lead to improved local community development outcomes. However, the social benefits alleged to flow from projects are often not as evident to affected communities as the project’s adverse impacts. Projects still give inadequate attention to social issues and fail to achieve social development outcomes. Using a prominent gas project in Russia, the Nord Stream 2 project, as an illustrative example, we explore the potential of environmental and social impact assessment (ESIA) to enhance the effectiveness of project contributions to local community development. We analyse the main steps of the community development process for the Nord Stream 2 project, and consider how it benefitted from the SIA process. We also reflect on the potential further contribution of SIA to community development. Even though SIA and community development are interrelated, we conclude that SIA, as currently practiced, is constrained in its ability to contribute to community development outcomes. Adjustments to the SIA and corporate social investment frameworks are needed to make them more effective in achieving social development outcomes.

ACS Style

Ilya Gulakov; Frank Vanclay; Jos Arts. Modifying social impact assessment to enhance the effectiveness of company social investment strategies in contributing to local community development. Impact Assessment and Project Appraisal 2020, 38, 382 -396.

AMA Style

Ilya Gulakov, Frank Vanclay, Jos Arts. Modifying social impact assessment to enhance the effectiveness of company social investment strategies in contributing to local community development. Impact Assessment and Project Appraisal. 2020; 38 (5):382-396.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ilya Gulakov; Frank Vanclay; Jos Arts. 2020. "Modifying social impact assessment to enhance the effectiveness of company social investment strategies in contributing to local community development." Impact Assessment and Project Appraisal 38, no. 5: 382-396.

Journal article
Published: 12 May 2020 in Environmental Impact Assessment Review
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Implementing good practice social impact assessment (SIA) that meets international standards in countries in transition is problematic. We reflect on the challenges faced when undertaking SIA in the Russian Federation. These challenges restrict meaningful SIA processes from being undertaken and limit public participation and the effective community engagement of project-affected local people. Based on the self-reflexive professional experience of two Russian-based social practitioners, and their discursive interactions with two leading academics in environmental and social impact assessment, as well as on in-depth interviews with prominent Russian and international experts, we identified the key challenges that prevent effective SIA from being implemented in Russia: a lack of understanding of the international standards; discrepancy in the determination of the social area of influence between the national requirements and international standards; difficulties in combining national and international impact assessment processes; and a tendency by companies to restrict stakeholder engagement to the minimum. We hope that by having an awareness of these limitations, improvements to SIA practice in Russia and elsewhere will be made.

ACS Style

Ilya Gulakov; Frank Vanclay; Aleksander Ignatev; Jos Arts. Challenges in meeting international standards in undertaking social impact assessment in Russia. Environmental Impact Assessment Review 2020, 83, 106410 .

AMA Style

Ilya Gulakov, Frank Vanclay, Aleksander Ignatev, Jos Arts. Challenges in meeting international standards in undertaking social impact assessment in Russia. Environmental Impact Assessment Review. 2020; 83 ():106410.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ilya Gulakov; Frank Vanclay; Aleksander Ignatev; Jos Arts. 2020. "Challenges in meeting international standards in undertaking social impact assessment in Russia." Environmental Impact Assessment Review 83, no. : 106410.

Articles
Published: 22 March 2020 in Impact Assessment and Project Appraisal
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Amsterdam’s North-South Metro Line (NZL) megaproject has had a long eventful history. From the initial proposal in the 1990s, through construction in the 2000s to 2010s, to its opening in 2018, the NZL overcame many challenges. Several geotechnical incidents in the Vijzelgracht neighbourhood in 2008 cost the City of Amsterdam and the Dutch government millions of Euros. These incidents required complex recovery management actions, and there was a complete re-evaluation of the project, resulting in extensive reformulation of the project’s communications and impact management strategies, and in more-transparent public participation. Despite NZL’s significance, it never underwent any formal Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA), thus it provides an interesting case to consider how social impacts are addressed when there is no formal ESIA. Drawing on document review, semi-structured interviews, and a focus group, we considered the experiences of key decision-makers and project team members to learn how social impacts were assessed and managed over time in the absence of ESIA. We conclude that, when combined with appropriate urban governance frameworks, applying ESIA in urban and transport planning would improve the assessment and management of the social impacts of future megaproject infrastructure developments.

ACS Style

Lara K. Mottee; Jos Arts; Frank Vanclay; Fiona Miller; Richard Howitt. Metro infrastructure planning in Amsterdam: how are social issues managed in the absence of environmental and social impact assessment? Impact Assessment and Project Appraisal 2020, 38, 320 -335.

AMA Style

Lara K. Mottee, Jos Arts, Frank Vanclay, Fiona Miller, Richard Howitt. Metro infrastructure planning in Amsterdam: how are social issues managed in the absence of environmental and social impact assessment? Impact Assessment and Project Appraisal. 2020; 38 (4):320-335.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lara K. Mottee; Jos Arts; Frank Vanclay; Fiona Miller; Richard Howitt. 2020. "Metro infrastructure planning in Amsterdam: how are social issues managed in the absence of environmental and social impact assessment?" Impact Assessment and Project Appraisal 38, no. 4: 320-335.

Journal article
Published: 06 March 2020 in Urban Planning
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Transport infrastructure networks are currently being challenged by rapidly changing contexts, such as climate change, new IT and mobility technologies, ageing infrastructure, demographic changes and growing engagement of stakeholders. These challenges call for an adaptive management approach in infrastructure planning. Apart from making the physical infrastructure more adaptive, organisational adaptive capacity is currently being discussed in both literature and practice. The literature describes learning as one of the key elements of organisational adaptive capacity. However, it remains unclear how infrastructure network agencies learn. Most of these agencies are organised in a project-oriented way. Projects can be considered as information exchange platforms of individuals that have to align their knowledge and interpretations to collectively make sense of this information to deliver a project-result. However, projects operate relatively autonomously from their parent organisation. This article aims to enhance the understanding of how projects learn from each other and how the parent organisation learns from projects and vice versa. To this end, we have conducted an in-depth case study of a typical project-oriented organisation in infrastructure planning: Rijkswaterstaat—the executive agency of the Ministry of Infrastructure and Water Management in the Netherlands. Data was collected through documents and semi-structured interviews with members of a selection of projects of Rijkswaterstaat and other members of this organisation. We used Social Network Analysis to support the analysis of the data. Subsequently, the results were confronted with literature to understand how collective learning occurs in project-oriented organisations.

ACS Style

Bert de Groot; Wim Leendertse; Jos Arts. Building Adaptive Capacity through Learning in Project-Oriented Organisations in Infrastructure Planning. Urban Planning 2020, 5, 33 -45.

AMA Style

Bert de Groot, Wim Leendertse, Jos Arts. Building Adaptive Capacity through Learning in Project-Oriented Organisations in Infrastructure Planning. Urban Planning. 2020; 5 (1):33-45.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Bert de Groot; Wim Leendertse; Jos Arts. 2020. "Building Adaptive Capacity through Learning in Project-Oriented Organisations in Infrastructure Planning." Urban Planning 5, no. 1: 33-45.

Articles
Published: 24 February 2020 in Urban Policy and Research
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Urban rail transport megaprojects are promoted as generating positive social change at a metropolitan scale, yet they produce complex unplanned negative impacts at local scales. Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) and its follow-up help decision-makers assess and manage the social and environmental impacts of major projects. Using Western Sydney’s politically-successful South West Rail Link as an example, we identified the practice challenges and governance barriers to applying ESIA and EIA follow-up across spatial scales. These challenges and barriers influence the planning and management of the impacts of integrated urban development and transport infrastructure development.

ACS Style

Lara K. Mottee; Jos Arts; Frank Vanclay; Fiona Miller; Richard Howitt. Reflecting on How Social Impacts are Considered in Transport Infrastructure Project Planning: Looking beyond the Claimed Success of Sydney’s South West Rail Link. Urban Policy and Research 2020, 38, 185 -198.

AMA Style

Lara K. Mottee, Jos Arts, Frank Vanclay, Fiona Miller, Richard Howitt. Reflecting on How Social Impacts are Considered in Transport Infrastructure Project Planning: Looking beyond the Claimed Success of Sydney’s South West Rail Link. Urban Policy and Research. 2020; 38 (3):185-198.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lara K. Mottee; Jos Arts; Frank Vanclay; Fiona Miller; Richard Howitt. 2020. "Reflecting on How Social Impacts are Considered in Transport Infrastructure Project Planning: Looking beyond the Claimed Success of Sydney’s South West Rail Link." Urban Policy and Research 38, no. 3: 185-198.

Journal article
Published: 07 February 2020 in Marine Policy
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Governments are searching for institutional designs that enable coordination of sea-uses in a more systematic and integrated manner. Marine Spatial Planning (MSP) is presented as such an approach for improved coordination. However, existing literature is increasingly doubting the ability of MSP to accomplish this, particularly regarding offshore wind farms (OWF). Therefore, this paper evaluates how six key principles of MSP perform in coordinating OWF vis-á-vis other spatial claims in the Dutch North Sea. Where existing literature focuses on the conformance of material outcomes to stated objectives, this paper evaluates performance; i.e. how the six principles are understood in successive manifestations of MSP and subsequently used in decision-making regarding OWF. Based on the conditions of knowledge, legitimacy and feasibility, four modes of performance are identified. Knowledge of the principles of MSP can be found throughout successive manifestations of MSP. However, the understanding of these principles in the Dutch case is narrowed in order to create a robust system that ensures a quick and cost-effective roll-out of offshore wind energy to meet (inter)national renewable energy targets. The focus lies on furthering the feasibility of OWF development, resulting in a dominant mode of performance that is termed ‘legitimacy misfit’; MSP is used as a tool to implement external sustainability discourses and renewable energy targets, rather than forming a systematic and integrated marine governance approach that balances various interests at sea. Furthermore, it is necessary to develop a more critical approach to the operationalization of the principles of MSP that is sensitive to possible interdependencies and conflicts.

ACS Style

R.C. Spijkerboer; C. Zuidema; T. Busscher; J. Arts. The performance of marine spatial planning in coordinating offshore wind energy with other sea-uses: The case of the Dutch North Sea. Marine Policy 2020, 115, 103860 .

AMA Style

R.C. Spijkerboer, C. Zuidema, T. Busscher, J. Arts. The performance of marine spatial planning in coordinating offshore wind energy with other sea-uses: The case of the Dutch North Sea. Marine Policy. 2020; 115 ():103860.

Chicago/Turabian Style

R.C. Spijkerboer; C. Zuidema; T. Busscher; J. Arts. 2020. "The performance of marine spatial planning in coordinating offshore wind energy with other sea-uses: The case of the Dutch North Sea." Marine Policy 115, no. : 103860.

Journal article
Published: 02 December 2019 in Planning Theory & Practice
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ACS Style

Lara K. Mottee; Jos Arts; Frank Vanclay; Richard Howitt; Fiona Miller. Limitations of Technical Approaches to Transport Planning Practice in Two Cases: Social Issues as a Critical Component of Urban Projects. Planning Theory & Practice 2019, 21, 39 -57.

AMA Style

Lara K. Mottee, Jos Arts, Frank Vanclay, Richard Howitt, Fiona Miller. Limitations of Technical Approaches to Transport Planning Practice in Two Cases: Social Issues as a Critical Component of Urban Projects. Planning Theory & Practice. 2019; 21 (1):39-57.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lara K. Mottee; Jos Arts; Frank Vanclay; Richard Howitt; Fiona Miller. 2019. "Limitations of Technical Approaches to Transport Planning Practice in Two Cases: Social Issues as a Critical Component of Urban Projects." Planning Theory & Practice 21, no. 1: 39-57.

Journal article
Published: 01 September 2019 in Journal of Environmental Assessment Policy and Management
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Transport infrastructure projects have become more integrated in nature. An important driver of the ambition to approach space in a more integrated manner is the idea that doing so will generate added value. However, in transport infrastructure planning practice, the argument to adopt integrated planning approaches seems to be mainly rhetorical in nature. The aim of this paper is to contribute to the discussion about the notion of added value through integrated planning by developing an analytical evaluation framework. In order to do so, we go back to one of the founding fathers of decision-making sciences and present a conceptual synthesis. We explore this synthesis by conducting a literature review and an illustrative expert session. We conclude with the analytical evaluation framework and elaborate on implications in practice.

ACS Style

Anne Marel Hilbers; Frans Sijtsma; Tim Busscher; Jos Arts. Understanding Added Value in Integrated Transport Planning: Exploring the Framework of Intelligence, Design and Choice. Journal of Environmental Assessment Policy and Management 2019, 21, 1 .

AMA Style

Anne Marel Hilbers, Frans Sijtsma, Tim Busscher, Jos Arts. Understanding Added Value in Integrated Transport Planning: Exploring the Framework of Intelligence, Design and Choice. Journal of Environmental Assessment Policy and Management. 2019; 21 (3):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Anne Marel Hilbers; Frans Sijtsma; Tim Busscher; Jos Arts. 2019. "Understanding Added Value in Integrated Transport Planning: Exploring the Framework of Intelligence, Design and Choice." Journal of Environmental Assessment Policy and Management 21, no. 3: 1.

Journal article
Published: 22 February 2019 in Cities
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The rapidly urbanizing cities in Southeast Asia experience increasing flood impacts due to the consequences of climate change. In these cities, policy efforts to build flood resilience are gaining momentum. The aim of this paper is to understand and assess flood resilience policy development, particularly in cities in developing countries. Bangkok is one of the cities that participates in the 100 Resilient Cities Programme (100RC) - the international policy platform for building resilient cities. In 2017, the Bangkok Metropolitan Administration (BMA) launched the ‘Bangkok Resilience Strategy’ to translate the resilience concept to its urban context. A framing perspective is adopted to reconstruct the strategy, process and anticipated outcome of Bangkok's flood resilience policy. We studied data obtained from ‘insiders’ (involved policy makers, experts and consultants) and ‘outsiders’ (local communities, civil society organizations and news media). Findings indicate that the economic growth frame is prevailing in the development of Bangkok's flood resilience policy, prioritizing structural flood protection with little attention for flood adaptation measures and related social impacts among vulnerable communities. The role of local communities and civil society in the formulation of Bangkok's flood resilience policy is limited. This paper therefore recommends cities in developing countries and cities in the 100RC Programme to organize a more inclusive resilience building process for addressing social problems regarding urban poor communities along with increasing flood safety and protection.

ACS Style

Naim Laeni; Margo Van Den Brink; Jos Arts. Is Bangkok becoming more resilient to flooding? A framing analysis of Bangkok's flood resilience policy combining insights from both insiders and outsiders. Cities 2019, 90, 157 -167.

AMA Style

Naim Laeni, Margo Van Den Brink, Jos Arts. Is Bangkok becoming more resilient to flooding? A framing analysis of Bangkok's flood resilience policy combining insights from both insiders and outsiders. Cities. 2019; 90 ():157-167.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Naim Laeni; Margo Van Den Brink; Jos Arts. 2019. "Is Bangkok becoming more resilient to flooding? A framing analysis of Bangkok's flood resilience policy combining insights from both insiders and outsiders." Cities 90, no. : 157-167.

Journal article
Published: 03 November 2018 in Journal of Cleaner Production
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This paper develops an analytical approach to explore institutional barriers to spatial integration between renewable energy (RE) and other land use functions and provides insight into opportunities for institutional harmonization between involved policy domains. Spatial integration of RE with other land use functions provides opportunities to use limited amounts of space more efficiently, allowing for a more fluent roll-out of renewable technologies. However, such integration requires the involvement of various policy domains that are each guided by specific institutional frameworks, which are often tailored to specific sectoral needs. Therefore, spatial integration of RE and other land use functions requires institutional harmonization between involved policy domains. However, there is limited guidance in literature on how such harmonization does or could occur. Moreover, while literature on RE recognizes the merits of institutional approaches, it focuses on institutions as the formal rules of the game, often disregarding the agency component (the ‘play of the game’). The analytical approach developed in this paper combines the Institutional Analysis and Development framework with insights from Discursive Institutionalism. The approach enables structured assessment of relationships within and between established institutions (the ‘rules of the game’) and actors’ ideas, interpretations and deliberations regarding these institutions (the ‘play of the game’), providing insight in processes of institutional harmonization. This analytical approach is applied to the case of spatial integration of photovoltaics with national transport infrastructure networks in the Netherlands. The findings from the case show that (1) insight in interrelations between institutional barriers is crucial for addressing institutional harmonization; (2) institutional harmonization within policy domains is a precondition for harmonization between policy domains; and (3) the agency component (play of the game) is key to successful harmonization. In conclusion, the analytical approach provides insight into the co-evolution between the rules of the game and the play of the game, which is pivotal to institutional harmonization.

ACS Style

R.C. Spijkerboer; C. Zuidema; Tim Busscher; Jos Arts. Institutional harmonization for spatial integration of renewable energy: Developing an analytical approach. Journal of Cleaner Production 2018, 209, 1593 -1603.

AMA Style

R.C. Spijkerboer, C. Zuidema, Tim Busscher, Jos Arts. Institutional harmonization for spatial integration of renewable energy: Developing an analytical approach. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2018; 209 ():1593-1603.

Chicago/Turabian Style

R.C. Spijkerboer; C. Zuidema; Tim Busscher; Jos Arts. 2018. "Institutional harmonization for spatial integration of renewable energy: Developing an analytical approach." Journal of Cleaner Production 209, no. : 1593-1603.

Journal article
Published: 03 November 2018 in Transport Policy
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Formal and informal institutions help shape processes of planning, as ‘rules of the game’. However, institutions do not always align. As a result of changes in strategy and operation, institutional incongruence can emerge as old and new institutions conflict or as actors perceive and apply institutions in a different manner. In this article, we aim to gain insight in the concept of institutional incongruence and the way it shapes transport planning policy and implementation. To this end, we analyse the role of institutional congruence in the case of land use transport integration (LUTI) in the Netherlands. Although LUTI creates opportunities for beneficial synergies and helps avoid unwanted consequences, such as project time and project cost overruns, examples of successful deployment remain scarce. Through an institutional analysis of the Dutch national Planning, Programming and Budgeting (PPB) System for road infrastructure, we assess the ways in which LUTI is enabled or obstructed by formal and informal institutions. The one-year research project involves a triangulation of literature research, policy analysis, 22 expert interviews, focus groups and workshops. In addition, multidisciplinary expert consultation meetings, including both scholars and practitioners, were organised to reflect on interim findings. The findings illustrate that strategy and operation each present distinct formal and informal institutional incongruence that negatively influence land-use transport integration. We conclude that institutional incongruence is several instances of institutional incongruence can be found throughout the Dutch national planning process. These are partly inevitable because institutional change occurs gradually to reflect developments in society and manifests itself in both formal and informal rules. Therefore we recommend that, in order to achieve LUTI, the full institutional configuration of formal and informal rules, at strategic and operational level should be analysed, redesigned and aligned.

ACS Style

Marijn Thomas van Geet; Sander Lenferink; Jos Arts; Wim Leendertse. Understanding the ongoing struggle for land use and transport integration: Institutional incongruence in the Dutch national planning process. Transport Policy 2018, 73, 84 -100.

AMA Style

Marijn Thomas van Geet, Sander Lenferink, Jos Arts, Wim Leendertse. Understanding the ongoing struggle for land use and transport integration: Institutional incongruence in the Dutch national planning process. Transport Policy. 2018; 73 ():84-100.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Marijn Thomas van Geet; Sander Lenferink; Jos Arts; Wim Leendertse. 2018. "Understanding the ongoing struggle for land use and transport integration: Institutional incongruence in the Dutch national planning process." Transport Policy 73, no. : 84-100.

Research article
Published: 15 October 2018 in Environment and Planning C: Politics and Space
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Learning is essential in allowing policies and programmes to become adaptive to uncertain and changing circumstances. In this article, we use the case of the Dutch National Collaboration Programme on Air Quality (in Dutch: Nationaal Samenwerkingsprogramma Luchtkwaliteit (NSL)) to argue that the organisation of learning processes influences the extent to which policies and programmes can adapt. Learning is a diverse process that focuses both on improving knowledge of the effects of possible policy strategies and on bargaining and negotiation in which we interpret and make sense of such knowledge. Learning strategies can be organised by either focussing on exploring new ways to understand and approach problems or on exploiting existing knowledge, measures and capabilities by optimising and refining them. To be adaptive, it is important to balance both strategies, as otherwise two main risks might undermine the programmes’ adaptive capacity. First, there is the risk that the implementation of adaptive programmes is constrained by premature consensus, constraining the capacity to learn regarding the suitability of, and agreement on, existing problem definitions and programme goals during programme implementation. Second, there is also the risk of premature programming, constraining the capacity to learn regarding the suitability of the actions and approaches adopted. What makes the NSL such an interesting case study is that while the programme was designed to be adaptive on the basis of an on-going learning process, in practice, it largely failed to do so. On the basis of 67 interviews with stakeholders in the NSL and two focus group discussions, we show that the NSL failed to anticipate both risks. Processes of learning have become marginalised and focused predominantly on exploitation at the expense of exploration. As such, the NSL convincingly shows how a lack of organising learning is constraining the capacity to adapt to changing circumstances and also contributes to its possible failure.

ACS Style

Tim Busscher; Christian Zuidema; Taede Tillema; Jos Arts. Learning in the face of change: The Dutch National Collaboration Programme on Air Quality. Environment and Planning C: Politics and Space 2018, 37, 929 -945.

AMA Style

Tim Busscher, Christian Zuidema, Taede Tillema, Jos Arts. Learning in the face of change: The Dutch National Collaboration Programme on Air Quality. Environment and Planning C: Politics and Space. 2018; 37 (5):929-945.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Tim Busscher; Christian Zuidema; Taede Tillema; Jos Arts. 2018. "Learning in the face of change: The Dutch National Collaboration Programme on Air Quality." Environment and Planning C: Politics and Space 37, no. 5: 929-945.