Doxorubicin (DOXO) is an antineoplastic drug that is used extensively in managing multiple cancer types. However, DOXO-induced cardiotoxicity is a limiting factor for its widespread use and considerably affects patients’ quality of life. Farnesol (FSN) is a sesquiterpene with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tumor properties. Thus, the current study explored the cardioprotective effect of FSN against DOXO-induced cardiotoxicity. In this study, male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups (n = 7) and treated for 14 days. Group I (Control): normal saline, p.o. daily for 14 days; Group II (TOXIC): DOXO 2.4 mg/kg, i.p, thrice weekly for 14 days; Group III: FSN 100 mg/kg, p.o. daily for 14 days + DOXO similar to Group II; Group IV: FSN 200 mg/kg, p.o. daily for 14 days + DOXO similar to Group II; Group V (Standard): nifedipine 10 mg/kg, p.o. daily for 14 days + DOXO similar to Group II. At the end of the study, animals were weighed, blood was collected, and heart-weight was measured. The cardiac tissue was used to estimate biochemical markers and for histopathological studies. The observed results revealed that the FSN-treated group rats showed decrease in heart weight and heart weight/body weight ratio, reversed the oxidative stress, cardiac-specific injury markers, proinflammatory and proapoptotic markers and histopathological aberrations towards normal, and showed cardioprotection. In summary, the FSN reduces cardiac injuries caused by DOXO via its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic potential. However, more detailed mechanism-based studies are needed to bring this drug into clinical use.

The main objective of the proposed work was the development of a thermosensitive gel (containing clove and tea tree oil) for the management of vaginal candidiasis. Both oils have been recommended to be used separately in a topical formulation for vaginal candidiasis. Incorporating two natural ingredients (clove and tea tree oil) into a product give it a broad antimicrobial spectrum and analgesic properties. The two oils were mixed together at a 3:1 ratio and converted into o/w nanoemulsion using the aqueous titration method and plotting pseudo ternary phase diagrams. Further transformations resulted in a gel with thermosensitive properties. To determine the final formulation’s potential for further clinical investigation, in vitro analyses (viscosity measurement, MTT assay, mucoadhesion, ex vivo permeation) and in vivo studies (fungal clearance kinetics in an animal model) were conducted. The current effort leveraged the potential of tea tree and clove oils as formulation ingredients and natural therapeutic agents for vaginal infections. Its synergy generated a stable and effective thermosensitive gel that can be utilized for recurrent candidiasis and other infections.

Coronavirus disease-2019 is a serious health threat around the globe. Across the world, approximately 142 million people were infected, and three million deaths happened. The fast propagation is also associated with constant anxiety, mental stress, and discomfort in public and health-care professionals. Lack of approved drugs regimen to combat the pandemic challenge concretely is a challenging project for all who are committed to developing remedial assistance. However, the successful development of three vaccines gives a solid roadmap to combat this disease. In this review, we highlighted the current development and challenges of this pandemic.

The present study was based on an exploration of NCI database for searching specific CDK-7 kinase inhibitor by HTVS, SP, XP, molecular docking, molecular dynamic simulation, and ADMET evaluation. The best CDK-7 kinase inhibitors (NCI613391, NCI169676, NCI281246, NCI339580) were identified via NCI database screening. The stability of binding interaction between receptor protein and protein-ligand complex of potent finding compounds (NCI613391) was further confirmed by dynamics simulations and MM- -GBSA. The RMSD value of receptor and receptor?ligand complexes was analysed, and it revealed the stability of binding interactions and remained stable throughout the simulation. The RMSF values and gyration radius of the unbound receptor and backbone atoms of the complex were found to be equal, which indicates that the drug molecule inside the CDK7 receptor is also stable. The study of MM-GBSA data also revealed stronger binding interactions of ligands to CDK7 receptors. With the exception of NCI169676, all compounds were shown to be substrates for CYP450 2D6, CYP450 3A4, inhibitors of CYP450 2C9, and non-inhibitors of p-glycoprotein. All compounds were qualified and found suitable to be as drug-likeness according to the Lipinski rule, Ghose filter, MDDR like rule and CMC-like rule. The compound (NCI613391) exhibited human intestinal absorption (76.08%), displayed negative AMES and T.E.S.T (US-EPA) toxicity with OSIRIS property and found to be a promising CDK-7 kinase inhibitor and its efficacy may be further explored in clinical trials.

Review Possible herbal medications and human cancer targets Md Tanwir Athar 1 1 Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Dentistry and Pharmacy, Buraydah Colleges, Buraydah-51418, Al-Qassim, Saudi Arabia. * Correspondence: tantab001@gmail.com (M.T.A.) Citation: Athar M.T. Possible herbal medications and human cancer targets. Jour. Bas. Sci. 2025, 1(3). 1-12. Received: November 01, 2024 Revised: […]