A feature of modern society in the era of cultural globalization is its mobility. One of the manifestations of this social mobility is people spending free time on tourist trips. Tourism, as understood as a sociocultural phenomenon, is a special manifestation of location. In addition to the motives for undertaking trips in martial arts tourism, individual destinations, specific tourism potential and the typology of participants in tourist meetings were analyzed, and individual cases were examined. The research materials were 44 articles published in scientific journals indexed in Scopus, Web of Science, and EBSCOHost databases. Publications, which appeared in the sources discussed between 2005 and mid-2020s were considered. Some periodicals were present in all three of the quoted databases, therefore specific articles were taken into account only once. This study will cover a meta-analysis of martial arts tourism in journals indexed in several major scientific databases. It is related to the phenomenon of tourism of this type, which is discussed from various scientific perspectives. As a research tool, the Atlas.ti program was used (mainly in the qualitative research or analysis of qualitative data), by means of which correlations and dominant items were sought. A comparison with other publications suggests that no similar meta-analysis has so far been performed in relation to the literature devoted to the subject of “martial arts tourism”. Particularly interesting conclusions were identified: (1) there are thematic relations between the destination country, the main destination, and the destination country; (2) martial arts are treated by researchers as both primary, and secondary threads, (3) the difference between travel destinations and types events attended by people interested in martial arts, (4) the variety of event formats plays a role in popularizing the subject of these forms of physical activity, and (5) the number of publications describing specific destinations is not particularly related to specific countries as destinations.

Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Szczecińskiego

Young people practicing martial arts and their perception of success

Background: The scientific frameworks for this study are the General Theory of Fighting Arts and the holistic Anthropology of Martial Arts. These theories provide definitions and conceptional framework for all combat sports and martial arts (CSMA). The problem and aim of this study were to explain the perception of success in international groups of children and teens practicing various fighting arts. Methods: The Perception of Success Questionnaire (POSQ) was used for this study. 430 young martial artists from Poland, Ukraine, China, Japan, Malaysia, and South Korea were surveyed. Statistical methods were used to examine, for example, the significance and strength of the relationship between the perception of success and the selected variables (i.e., type of practiced martial art, nationality, etc.). Results: The results obtained in this study indicate a moderate relationship between gender and age (R = 0.27-0.32, p < 0.05) and the perception of success (R = 0.21-0.54, p < 0.05), and the relationship between nationality (R = 0.13-0.38, p < 0.05) and the type of martial arts practiced and the perception of success is statistically significant (R = 0.26-0.32, p < 0.05). Conclusions: The relatively strong correlation between the perception of success and gender may suggest that in the era of globalization, significant cultural pattern unification is taking place. However, the limited scope of the research and the small size of the groups do not allow for unequivocal generalizations.

Cel: Celem artykułu jest ukazanie dyskursów pojawiających się w mediach społecznościowych, których głównymi tematami były opisy osób reprezentujących określone partie polityczne i środowiska ideologiczne, a które to osoby przedstawiano w innego rodzaju mediach jako autorytety. Założono, że cel zostanie osiągnięty przez wykorzystanie metody studium przypadku czterech profili Facebook`owych: ,,Żelazna Logika”, ,,Raz prozą, raz rymem – walczymy z propagandowym reżimem” oraz ,,SokzBuraka” i ,,Prawicowa Rzeczpospolita Ludowa”. Metody badań: Jako metodę badawczą wykorzystano jakościową analizę dyskursu przeprowadzoną na podstawie wybranych danych uzyskanych dzięki zastosowaniu programu komputerowego Atlas.ti. Wyniki i wnioski: Uzyskane wyniki wskazywały na obecność dyskursów krytycznych wobec: 1) osób uznawanych przez mainstremowe media za autorytety osobowe, 2) autorytetów instytucjonalnych. Na ich podstawie wnioskowano o możliwym usytuowaniu wspomnianych profili w procesie komunikacji politycznej. Wartość poznawcza: Podejmowany problem dostarcza wartości poznawczej dyskursów polityczno-ideologicznych obecnych w mediach społecznościowych będących w opozycji wobec mediów masowych, wspomagających jedynie wybrane autorytety osobowe i instytucjonalne.

The theoretical framework for this research is the sociology of leisure and the sociology of health. Because sedentary behaviour (of employees) is a relevant new research area with important health risks, we decided to focus our attention on this subject. Moreover, sedentary behaviour in the workplace seems to be an important topic for the future. The general aim of the research is to provide a platform for exchange on effective approaches for promoting health-enhancing physical activity among workers, to learn from experiences in different European countries and to promote the most effective approaches across Europe. Two methods of qualitative research were used. The first was the method of expert judges. By way of direct interview, the statements of nine persons were collected, all of whom were recognised as competent judges. The second method was the analysis of the content of the literature (quality method). Using the computer program Atlas.ti, the respondents and their answers were examined. Most of the indications (89%) concerned responses indicating physical activity. In general, the experts are quite physically active and keep a healthy (in their opinion) diet. They have both knowledge and appropriate skills in physical education. They point to the growing interest of younger academics in health and fitness, which may be associated with trends in popular culture, such as a sporty lifestyle, the cult of the body, various healthy diets and supplements, etc., that are becoming the universal fashion. The aim of this work was to provide a platform for exchange on effective approaches to the promotion of health-enhancing physical activity among workers, to learn from experience in different European countries and to promote the most effective approaches across the region. Because the sedentary behaviour of employees is a relevant new research area with important health risks, we decided to focus our attention on this subject.