This study evaluates the precipitation product of the Integrated Multi-satellitE Retrievals for Global Precipitation Measurement (IMERG) over the Mexican region during the period between April 2014 and October 2015 using three different time scales for cumulative precipitation (hourly, daily and seasonal). Also, the IMERG data have been analyzed as a function of elevation given the rain gauges from the automatic meteorological stations network, located within the area of study, which are used as a reference. In the present study, continuous and categorical statistics are used to evaluate IMERG. It was found that IMERG showed better performance at the daily and seasonal time scale resolutions. While hourly precipitation estimates reached a mean correlation coefficient of 0.35, the daily and seasonal precipitation estimates achieved correlations over 0.51. In addition, the IMERG precipitation product was able to reproduce the diurnal and daily cycles of the average precipitation with a trend towards overestimating rain gauges. However, extreme precipitation events were highly underestimated, as shown by relative biases of −61% and −46% for the hourly and daily precipitation analysis, respectively. It was also found that IMERG tends to improve precipitation detection and to decrease magnitude errors over the higher terrain elevations of Mexico.

Few studies have explored the details of climatology in the Gulf of California (GoC) coastal zone, a region characterized by robust land–sea breeze circulation that results from land heating on both coasts of the GoC. Using hourly historical observations from automatic weather stations (AWSs) from 2008 to 2018, we performed harmonic and empirical orthogonal function analyses to describe the climatology of several characteristics that are regularly monitored in the GoC coastal zone. The characteristics included air temperature (°C), relative humidity (%), atmospheric pressure (hPa), wind intensity (m s⁻¹), and wind direction (°). The National Water Commission (CNA) provided records for stations located along the coast of the GoC. The results revealed an intense annual and, to a lesser extent, interannual signal for all characteristics. The presence of synoptic patterns forces seasonal and intraseasonal variations to occur. In summer, tropical systems increase the seasonal variability, mainly at the eastern mouth of the GoC. Some stations display this increase until the cold season arrives with the passage of winter systems. Finally, we found that interannual variability could be associated with El Niño–Southern Oscillation events.