The growing global demand for fish necessitates the exploration of sustainable aquaculture practices. This has led to a focus on the quality and sustainable production of fish products with minimal environmental impact. Thus, the objective of this review is to study and evaluate how different aquaculture systems impact the quality and nutritional profile of fish. Fish are rich sources of protein, containing almost 20% protein and essential amino acids and vitamins. The nutritional value and quality of fish products are directly related to the conditions under which they are produced through aquaculture. This article considers various aquaculture systems, including closed-loop systems, pond farming, marine aquaculture, and aquaponic systems. The operating principles, advantages, and inherent limitations of each fish-rearing system are subjected to rigorous critical analysis in this review. Such practices are necessary to meet the growing demand for fish and to maintain the integrity of aquatic ecosystems for future generations.

This paper presents the method of preparation of fish pate from pike or bream and additionally comprising pumpkin, vegetable oil, seaweed. Detailed fish pate production scheme is described. The developed fish pate has good sensory properties with high nutritional value. The protein content varied from 17.1 to 18.0% with high presence of essential amino acids, such as valine 97.5 mg/100g, isoleucine 93.8 mg/100g, threonine 79.1 mg/100g and tryptophan 18.4 mg/100g. Scientifically grounded fish pate formulation and production technology can lead to enrich human diet with healthy nutrients and improve human well-being and health conditions.

In Sverdlovsk region the Ural type of Holsteinized black-and-white cattle is raised and used. Admixing of Holstein line revealed a number of problems in the breeding of crossbred livestock, including decrease of the cows’ productive longevity. This poses new challenges for solving the issues of the herd reproduction and growing of young replacement livestock. The research of correlation between the dynamics of live weight gain by periods of growth along the young livestock lines is relevant and has practical significance. In result of the research it was found that the heifers of Vis Back Ideal 1013415 line outcompeted their peers from the Reflection Sovering line 198998 in terms of live weight in all periods, provided that they were raised under the same conditions, same feeding and same care; moreover all heifers had practically the same live weight at birth. At 6, 10 and 12 months of age, the difference in live weight was significant at p ≤ 0.05–0.01 in favor of heifers of the Vis Back Ideal 1013415 line. According to the periods of growth, a positive conjugation of body weight changes was revealed. The correlation between live body weight by periods and the age of the first insemination is negative.

The present article presents an evaluation of economic efficiency of the introduction of meals acoustic freezing. Based on the initial data, like the amount of investments, the volume of products and the main competitive advantages of the technology under consideration, the main economic indicators were calculated. It has been proved that the introduction of new technology will increase the organization’s revenue due to its capability to increase the selling prices for frozen meals with new quality properties. The profitability of the new production line accounted for 11%. The payback period for implementation of this technical solution will be less than 2.5 years. It has been proved that the technology of meals freezing with application of acoustic effects is cost-effective.