Threes Smijs

Dr. Threes Smijs


Research Focus & Metrics

Academic Career Length

14Years (2013-Present)

(Calculated once Scilit publication data is synced: current year − year of first publication + 1)

Representative Publications

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28 November 2013 in Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology
Verified
Journal Article
Closed access
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TSThrees Smijs
Threes Smijs
JJJ. W. Jachtenberg
J. W. Jachtenberg
SPS. Pavel
S. Pavel
TBT. C. Bakker‐Schut
T. C. Bakker‐Schut
DWD. Willemse‐Erix
D. Willemse‐Erix
HJCM SterenborgHJCM Sterenborg
HJCM Sterenborg

27 July 2015 in Journal of Fungi
Verified
Journal Article
Open access
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CHChelsea Den Hollander
Chelsea Den Hollander
JVJasper Visser
Jasper Visser
EHEllen De Haas
Ellen De Haas
Luca IncrocciLuca Incrocci
Luca Incrocci
TSThrees Smijs
Threes Smijs
Onychomycosis is predominantly caused by the dermatophytes Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton mentagrophytes and Trichophyton tonsurans. The main treatment obstacle concerns low nail-plate drug permeability. In vitro antifungal photodynamic treatment (PDT) and nail penetration enhancing effectiveness have been proven for multifunctional photosensitizer 5,10,15-tris(4-N-methylpyridinium)-20-(4-(butyramido-methylcysteinyl)-hydroxyphenyl)-[21H,23H]-porphine trichloride (PORTHE). This study investigates single PORTHE green laser/LED PDT of varying degrees of ex vivo onychomycoses in a human nail model. T. mentagrophytes, T. rubrum, T. tonsurans onychomycoses were ex vivo induced on nail pieces at 28 °C (normal air) and 37 °C (6.4% CO2) during 3 to 35 days and PDTs applied to the 37 °C infections. All dermatophytes showed increasingly nail plate invasion at 37 °C between 7 and 35 days; arthroconidia were observed after 35 days for T. mentagrophytes and T. tonsurans. Using 81 J/cm2 (532 nm) 7-day T. mentagrophytes onychomycoses were cured (92%) with 80 µM PORTHE (pH 8) after 24 h propylene glycol (PG, 40%) pre-treatment and 35-day onychomycoses (52%–67%) with 24 h PORTHE (40–80 µM)/40% PG treatment (pH 5). 28 J/cm2 LED light (525 ± 37 nm) improved cure rates to 72%, 83% and 73% for, respectively, T. mentagrophytus, T. rubrum and T. tonsurans 35-day onychomycoses and to 100% after double PDT. Data indicate PDT relevance for onychomycosis.