We report on the complex GaSe-based hierarchical structures GaSe(CS(NH₂)₂), GaSe(SmCl₃) and GaSe(CS(NH₂)₂(SmCl₃)) synthesized by an intercalation method. The conductive properties of synthesized clathrates and their relation to hierarchical structural complexity were explored by an impedance spectroscopy technique. The impedance response, thermostimulated discharge spectra, and photo- and magnetoresistive effects are reported. Based on the obtained results, the impurity energy spectra were calculated. A strong low-frequency inductive response, observable in the GaSe(SmCl₃) clathrate, makes this material promising for the development of gyrator-free nanodelay lines potentially applicable in nanoelectronics. Hierarchical GaSe(CS(NH₂)₂(SmCl₃)) clathrate, on the other hand, reveals hysteresis of the current–voltage characteristics, apparently confirming an accumulation of electric energy at interphase boundaries. A relevant spin battery effect, observable experimentally in stationary magnetic fields, demonstrates a principal possibility of the electric energy accumulation at a quantum level.

The purpose of the research under consideration is to develop a mathematical model to calculate the trajectories of the ferromagnetic operating elements (millstones) of an electromagnetic mill, moving in a rotating magnetic field under electrodynamic and hydrodynamic resistance forces being limited by the space of the mill’s working chamber. The millstone motion is described through the equations of plane motion of arbitrary-shaped two-dimensional body. The driving forces of this motion are determined on the basis of the approximation of the tabulated functions connecting the module and the orientation of the equivalent force applied to the millstone, with its position in the working chamber and composite MMF phase of mill inductor winding. These tabulated functions are derived from the estimation of the magnetic field inside a working chamber with millstones, in two-dimensional quasi-stationary approximation, using FEM analysis. The publication contains the approximation algorithm for these tabulated vector functions of a vector argument, mathematical statement of millstones trajectories calculating, and analysis of mathematical experiments results that make it possible to evaluate the adequacy of the model. The developed tool enables conducting quantitative analysis of grinding/mixing process and will help to establish relationships between the electromagnetic mill design parameters and its performance. References 21, figures 6.

The electrical properties and behaviour in constant magnetic field of fourfold expanded GaSe matrix intercalated with SmCl 3 guest were investigated by means of impedance spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry. It was determined that the synthesized GaSe< SmCl 3> clathrate of 4-fold expansion demonstrates the coexistence of mechanisms of generation, transformation and accumulation of electric energy on a quantum level. These mechanisms are driven from external sources of magnetic, thermal and electric field without Faradaic reactions. Therefore, investigated GaSe< SmCl 3> structure is of great attraction in multivoltaics as a prototype of new class of materials. Quantum mechanical model of electro motive force of spin nature is proposed. The main focus of work lies in the prospects of synthesized clathrates for the development of power nanosources and gyrator-free delay nanolines controlled by means of magnetic field.

The development of electric vehicles (EV) necessitates the search for new solutions for configuring powertrain systems to increase reliability and efficiency. The modularity of power supplies, converters, and electrical machines is one such solution. Among modular electric machines, dual three-phase (DTP) motors are the most common in high-power drives. To simplify low and medium power drives for EVs based on DTP PM motor, it is proposed to use a BLDC drive and machine of the simplest design – with concentrated windings and surface mounted PMs on the rotor. To study and create such drives, an improved mathematical model of DTP PM machine was developed in this work. It is based on the results of 2D FEM modeling of the magnetic field. According to the developed method, the dependences of the self and mutual inductances between all phase windings from the angle of rotor position and loads of different motor modulus were determined. Based on these inductances, the circuit computer model of DTP PM machine was created in the Matlab/Simulink. It has a high simulation speed and a high level of adequacy, which is confirmed by experimental studies with a mock-up sample of the electric drive system.

The paper is devoted to the development of a way for quantitative evaluation of the performance of an electromagnetic mill, i.e. a device that converts electrical energy into energy of mechanical interaction of operating elements (millstones) with the substance being ground/mixed. The proposed way is based on processing the results of calculating the trajectories of ferromagnetic millstones of an electromagnetic mill moving in a rotating magnetic field under the action of electrodynamic forces and hydrodynamic resistance forces and limited by the space of the working chamber. The average values of the number of blows, the momentum of the force of these blows, the linear velocity of the millstones and the value of the jerk are calculated. The proposed expression for calculating the integrated non-dimensional performance indicator is calculated on the basis of the above values and allows to link the performance of the grinding process with the design indicators of the mill inductor, the size of its working chamber, quantity, shape, dimensions of millstones, etc. The results of mathematical experiments to determine this performance indicator for an electromagnetic mill with a working volume of 2090 cm3 and an average value of magnetic induction in the working chamber ≈ 0.12 T are specified. This way needs an experimental confirmation. References 11, figures 5, table 1.