The article comprises synthesis of magnetically susceptible carbon sorbents based on bio raw materials – beet pulp. The synthesis was performed by one- and two-step methodology using FeCl3 as an activating agent. X-ray diffraction methods showed an increase in the distance between graphene layers to 3.7 Å in biocarbon synthesized by a two-step tech-nique and a slight decrease in inter-graphene distance to 3.55 Å for biocarbon synthesized by an one-step technique. In both magnetically susceptible samples, the Fe3O4 magnetite phase was identified. Biocarbon synthesized by a two-step technique is characterized by a microporous structure in which a significant volume fraction (about 35%) is made by pores of 2.2 and 5 nm radius. In the sample after a one-step synthesis, a significant increase in the fraction of pores with radii from 5 to 30 nm and a decrease in the proportion of pores with radii greater than 30 nm can be detected. Based on the analysis of low-angle X-ray scattering data, it is established that carbon without magnetic activation has the smallest specific area of 212 m2∙сm–3, carbon after one-stage synthesis has a slightly larger area of 280 m2∙сm–3, and after two-stage synthesis has the largest specific surface area in 480 m2∙сm–3. The adsorption isotherms of blue methylene have been studied. Biocarbon ob-tained by two-step synthesis has been shown to have significantly better adsorption properties than other synthesized bio-carbons. Isotherms have been analysed based on the Langmuir model.

A new technological approach to the synthesis of multi-layer nanostructures is suggested; it enables us to ensure them unique properties and extraordinary possibilities of their practical application. In particular, it is shown that the synthesis of nanostructures of GaSe⟨β-cyclodextrin⟨FeSO₄⟩⟩ hierarchy architecture in superposed electric and light-wave fields causes especially strong changes in their magnetic impedance response. In this case, the impedance response of the synthesized clathrate takes inductive character in the frequency range of 10⁻³–10⁵Hz. The relationship between the impedance behaviour of such hierarchical structures and frequency fractionality is investigated on the basis of Cettano equations. The prospect of application of the synthesized nanohybrids for active elements of gyrator-free nanolines of delay, for super-sensitive capacitance sensors of magnetic field and of light-wave field, and for quantum batteries at room temperature is shown.

We report on the complex GaSe-based hierarchical structures GaSe(CS(NH₂)₂), GaSe(SmCl₃) and GaSe(CS(NH₂)₂(SmCl₃)) synthesized by an intercalation method. The conductive properties of synthesized clathrates and their relation to hierarchical structural complexity were explored by an impedance spectroscopy technique. The impedance response, thermostimulated discharge spectra, and photo- and magnetoresistive effects are reported. Based on the obtained results, the impurity energy spectra were calculated. A strong low-frequency inductive response, observable in the GaSe(SmCl₃) clathrate, makes this material promising for the development of gyrator-free nanodelay lines potentially applicable in nanoelectronics. Hierarchical GaSe(CS(NH₂)₂(SmCl₃)) clathrate, on the other hand, reveals hysteresis of the current–voltage characteristics, apparently confirming an accumulation of electric energy at interphase boundaries. A relevant spin battery effect, observable experimentally in stationary magnetic fields, demonstrates a principal possibility of the electric energy accumulation at a quantum level.