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Licia Bordi
Laboratorio di Virologia, Istituto Nazionale per le Malattie Infettive (INMI) Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, Rome, Italy

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Letter to editor
Published: 13 April 2021 in Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy
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Giuseppe Sberna; Eleonora Lalle; Maria Rosaria Capobianchi; Licia Bordi; Alessandra Amendola. Letter of concern re: “Immunochromatographic test for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 in saliva. J Infect Chemother. 2021 Feb;27(2):384–386. doi: 10.1016/j.jiac.2020.11.016.”. Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy 2021, 27, 1129 -1130.

AMA Style

Giuseppe Sberna, Eleonora Lalle, Maria Rosaria Capobianchi, Licia Bordi, Alessandra Amendola. Letter of concern re: “Immunochromatographic test for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 in saliva. J Infect Chemother. 2021 Feb;27(2):384–386. doi: 10.1016/j.jiac.2020.11.016.”. Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy. 2021; 27 (7):1129-1130.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Giuseppe Sberna; Eleonora Lalle; Maria Rosaria Capobianchi; Licia Bordi; Alessandra Amendola. 2021. "Letter of concern re: “Immunochromatographic test for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 in saliva. J Infect Chemother. 2021 Feb;27(2):384–386. doi: 10.1016/j.jiac.2020.11.016.”." Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy 27, no. 7: 1129-1130.

Journal article
Published: 10 April 2021 in Viruses
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SARS-CoV-2 serum neutralization assay represents the gold standard for assessing antibody-mediated protection in naturally infected and vaccinated individuals. In the present study, 662 serum samples collected from February 2020 to January 2021 from acute and convalescent COVID-19 patients were tested to determine neutralizing antibody (NAb) titers using a microneutralization test (MNT) for live SARS-CoV-2. Moreover, anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG, IgA, and IgM directed against different viral antigens were measured by high-throughput automated platforms. We observed higher levels of NAbs in elderly (>60 years old) individuals and in patients presenting acute respiratory distress syndrome. SARS-CoV-2 NAbs develop as soon as five days from symptom onset and, despite a decline after the second month, persist for over 11 months, showing variable dynamics. Through correlation and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, we set up a testing algorithm, suitable for the laboratory workload, by establishing an optimal cutoff value of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG for convalescent plasma donors to exclude from MNT samples foreseen to have low/negative NAb titers and ineligible for plasma donation. Overall, MNT, although cumbersome and not suitable for routine testing of large sample sizes, remains the reference tool for the assessment of antibody-mediated immunity after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Smart testing algorithms may optimize the laboratory workflow to monitor antibody-mediated protection in COVID-19 patients, plasma donors, and vaccinated individuals.

ACS Style

Giulia Matusali; Francesca Colavita; Daniele Lapa; Silvia Meschi; Licia Bordi; Pierluca Piselli; Roberta Gagliardini; Angela Corpolongo; Emanuele Nicastri; Andrea Antinori; Giuseppe Ippolito; Maria Rosaria Capobianchi; Concetta Castilletti. SARS-CoV-2 Serum Neutralization Assay: A Traditional Tool for a Brand-New Virus. Viruses 2021, 13, 655 .

AMA Style

Giulia Matusali, Francesca Colavita, Daniele Lapa, Silvia Meschi, Licia Bordi, Pierluca Piselli, Roberta Gagliardini, Angela Corpolongo, Emanuele Nicastri, Andrea Antinori, Giuseppe Ippolito, Maria Rosaria Capobianchi, Concetta Castilletti. SARS-CoV-2 Serum Neutralization Assay: A Traditional Tool for a Brand-New Virus. Viruses. 2021; 13 (4):655.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Giulia Matusali; Francesca Colavita; Daniele Lapa; Silvia Meschi; Licia Bordi; Pierluca Piselli; Roberta Gagliardini; Angela Corpolongo; Emanuele Nicastri; Andrea Antinori; Giuseppe Ippolito; Maria Rosaria Capobianchi; Concetta Castilletti. 2021. "SARS-CoV-2 Serum Neutralization Assay: A Traditional Tool for a Brand-New Virus." Viruses 13, no. 4: 655.

Journal article
Published: 02 April 2021 in Journal of Clinical Medicine
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Diagnostic methods based on SARS-CoV-2 antigens detection are a promising alternative to SARS-CoV-2 RNA amplification. We evaluated the automated chemiluminescence-based Lumipulse® G SARS-CoV-2 Ag assay on saliva samples, using Simplexa™ COVID-19 Direct assay as a reference test. Analytical performance was established on a pool of healthy donors’ saliva samples spiked with the 2019-nCoV/Italy-INMI1 isolate, whereas clinical performance was assessed on fresh saliva specimens collected from hospitalized patients with suspect or confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis. The limit of detection (LOD) was 0.65 Log TCID50/mL, corresponding to 18,197 copies/mL of SARS-CoV-2 RNA. Antigen concentrations and SARS-CoV-2 RNA were highly correlated (r = 0.99; p < 0.0001). Substantial agreement (80.3%) and significant correlation (r = −0.675; p = 0.0006) were observed between Lumipulse® G assay results and Ct values on clinical samples, with 52.4% sensitivity and specificity 94.1%. Sensitivity exceeded 90.0% when calculated on samples with Ct < 25, and specificity was 100% when excluding samples from recovered patients with previous COVID-19 diagnosis. Overall, chemiluminescence-based antigen assay may be reliably applied to saliva samples to identify individuals with high viral loads, more likely to transmit the virus. However, the low positive predictive value in a context of low SARS-CoV-2 prevalence underscores the need for confirmatory testing in SARS-CoV-2 antigen-positive cases.

ACS Style

Alessandra Amendola; Giuseppe Sberna; Eleonora Lalle; Francesca Colavita; Concetta Castilletti; Giulia Menchinelli; Brunella Posteraro; Maurizio Sanguinetti; Giuseppe Ippolito; Licia Bordi; Maria Capobianchi; on behalf of INMI COVID-19 Study Group. Saliva Is a Valid Alternative to Nasopharyngeal Swab in Chemiluminescence-Based Assay for Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Antigen. Journal of Clinical Medicine 2021, 10, 1471 .

AMA Style

Alessandra Amendola, Giuseppe Sberna, Eleonora Lalle, Francesca Colavita, Concetta Castilletti, Giulia Menchinelli, Brunella Posteraro, Maurizio Sanguinetti, Giuseppe Ippolito, Licia Bordi, Maria Capobianchi, on behalf of INMI COVID-19 Study Group. Saliva Is a Valid Alternative to Nasopharyngeal Swab in Chemiluminescence-Based Assay for Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Antigen. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2021; 10 (7):1471.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Alessandra Amendola; Giuseppe Sberna; Eleonora Lalle; Francesca Colavita; Concetta Castilletti; Giulia Menchinelli; Brunella Posteraro; Maurizio Sanguinetti; Giuseppe Ippolito; Licia Bordi; Maria Capobianchi; on behalf of INMI COVID-19 Study Group. 2021. "Saliva Is a Valid Alternative to Nasopharyngeal Swab in Chemiluminescence-Based Assay for Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Antigen." Journal of Clinical Medicine 10, no. 7: 1471.

Journal article
Published: 20 October 2020 in Viruses
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Background: RT-PCR on nasopharyngeal (NPS)/oropharyngeal swabs is the gold standard for diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection and viral load monitoring. Oral fluid (OF) is an alternate clinical sample, easy and safer to collect and could be useful for COVID-19 diagnosis, monitoring viral load and shedding. Methods: Optimal assay conditions and analytical sensitivity were established for the commercial Simplexa™ COVID-19 Direct assay adapted to OF matrix. The assay was used to test 337 OF and NPS specimens collected in parallel from 164 hospitalized patients; 50 bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) specimens from a subgroup of severe COVID-19 cases were also analysed. Results: Using Simplexa™ COVID-19 Direct on OF matrix, 100% analytical detection down to 1 TCID50/mL (corresponding to 4 × 103 copies (cp)/mL) was observed. No crossreaction with other viruses transmitted through the respiratory toute was observed. Parallel testing of 337 OF and NPS samples showed highly concordant results (κ = 0.831; 95 % CI = 0.771–0.891), and high correlation of Ct values (r = 0.921; p < 0.0001). High concordance and elevated correlation was observed also between OF and BAL. Prolonged viral RNA shedding was observed up to 100 days from symptoms onset (DSO), with 32% and 29% positivity observed in OF and NPS samples, respectively, collected between 60 and 100 DSO. Conclusions: Simplexa™ COVID-19 Direct assays on OF have high sensitivity and specificity to detect SARS-CoV-2 RNA and provide an alternative to NPS for diagnosis and monitoring SARS-CoV-2 shedding.

ACS Style

Licia Bordi; Giuseppe Sberna; Eleonora Lalle; Pierluca Piselli; Francesca Colavita; Emanuele Nicastri; Andrea Antinori; Evangelo Boumis; Nicola Petrosillo; Luisa Marchioni; Giulia Minnucci; Elena D’Agostini; Concetta Castilletti; Franco Locatelli; Alimuddin Zumla; Giuseppe Ippolito; Maria Capobianchi; on behalf of INMI ReCOVeRI Study Group. Frequency and Duration of SARS-CoV-2 Shedding in Oral Fluid Samples Assessed by a Modified Commercial Rapid Molecular Assay. Viruses 2020, 12, 1184 .

AMA Style

Licia Bordi, Giuseppe Sberna, Eleonora Lalle, Pierluca Piselli, Francesca Colavita, Emanuele Nicastri, Andrea Antinori, Evangelo Boumis, Nicola Petrosillo, Luisa Marchioni, Giulia Minnucci, Elena D’Agostini, Concetta Castilletti, Franco Locatelli, Alimuddin Zumla, Giuseppe Ippolito, Maria Capobianchi, on behalf of INMI ReCOVeRI Study Group. Frequency and Duration of SARS-CoV-2 Shedding in Oral Fluid Samples Assessed by a Modified Commercial Rapid Molecular Assay. Viruses. 2020; 12 (10):1184.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Licia Bordi; Giuseppe Sberna; Eleonora Lalle; Pierluca Piselli; Francesca Colavita; Emanuele Nicastri; Andrea Antinori; Evangelo Boumis; Nicola Petrosillo; Luisa Marchioni; Giulia Minnucci; Elena D’Agostini; Concetta Castilletti; Franco Locatelli; Alimuddin Zumla; Giuseppe Ippolito; Maria Capobianchi; on behalf of INMI ReCOVeRI Study Group. 2020. "Frequency and Duration of SARS-CoV-2 Shedding in Oral Fluid Samples Assessed by a Modified Commercial Rapid Molecular Assay." Viruses 12, no. 10: 1184.

Correspondence
Published: 09 September 2020 in Journal of Clinical Virology
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Giuseppe Sberna; Maria Rosaria Capobianchi; Licia Bordi; Eleonora Lalle. Letter of concern re: “Analysis of Covid-19 and non-Covid-19 viruses, including influenza viruses, to determine the influence of intensive preventive measures in Japan. J. Clin. Virol. 2020; 129: 104543. doi:10.1016/j.jcv.2020.104543”. Journal of Clinical Virology 2020, 132, 104635 -104635.

AMA Style

Giuseppe Sberna, Maria Rosaria Capobianchi, Licia Bordi, Eleonora Lalle. Letter of concern re: “Analysis of Covid-19 and non-Covid-19 viruses, including influenza viruses, to determine the influence of intensive preventive measures in Japan. J. Clin. Virol. 2020; 129: 104543. doi:10.1016/j.jcv.2020.104543”. Journal of Clinical Virology. 2020; 132 ():104635-104635.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Giuseppe Sberna; Maria Rosaria Capobianchi; Licia Bordi; Eleonora Lalle. 2020. "Letter of concern re: “Analysis of Covid-19 and non-Covid-19 viruses, including influenza viruses, to determine the influence of intensive preventive measures in Japan. J. Clin. Virol. 2020; 129: 104543. doi:10.1016/j.jcv.2020.104543”." Journal of Clinical Virology 132, no. : 104635-104635.

Short communication
Published: 26 May 2020 in Journal of Clinical Virology
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In Italy, the first SARS-CoV-2 infections were diagnosed in Rome, Lazio region, at the end of January 2020, but sustained transmission occurred later, since the end of February. From 1 February to 12 April 2020, 17,164 nasopharyngeal swabs were tested by real time PCR for the presence of SARS-CoV-2 at the Laboratory of Virology of National Institute for Infectious Diseases “Lazzaro Spallanzani” (INMI) in Rome. In the same period, coincident with the winter peak of influenza and other respiratory illnesses, 847 samples were analyzed by multiplex PCR assay for the presence of common respiratory pathogens. In our study the time trend of SARS-CoV-2 and that of other respiratory pathogens in the same observation period were analysed. Overall, results obtained suggest that the spread of the pandemic SARS-CoV-2 virus did not substantially affect the time trend of other respiratory infections in our region, highlighting no significant difference in rates of SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients with or without other respiratory pathogens. Therefore, in the present scenario of COVID-19 pandemic, differential diagnosis resulting positive for common respiratory pathogen(s) should not exclude testing of SARS-CoV-2.

ACS Style

Giuseppe Sberna; Alessandra Amendola; Maria Beatrice Valli; Fabrizio Carletti; Maria Rosaria Capobianchi; Licia Bordi; Eleonora Lalle. Trend of respiratory pathogens during the COVID-19 epidemic. Journal of Clinical Virology 2020, 129, 104470 -104470.

AMA Style

Giuseppe Sberna, Alessandra Amendola, Maria Beatrice Valli, Fabrizio Carletti, Maria Rosaria Capobianchi, Licia Bordi, Eleonora Lalle. Trend of respiratory pathogens during the COVID-19 epidemic. Journal of Clinical Virology. 2020; 129 ():104470-104470.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Giuseppe Sberna; Alessandra Amendola; Maria Beatrice Valli; Fabrizio Carletti; Maria Rosaria Capobianchi; Licia Bordi; Eleonora Lalle. 2020. "Trend of respiratory pathogens during the COVID-19 epidemic." Journal of Clinical Virology 129, no. : 104470-104470.

Other
Published: 26 May 2020
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Serological assays for anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies are now of critical importance to support diagnosis, guide epidemiological intervention, and understand immune response to natural infection and vaccine administration. We developed and validated new anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG, IgM and IgA ELISA tests (ENZY-WELL SARS-CoV-2 ELISA, DIESSE Diagnostica Senese S.p.a.) based on whole-virus antigens. We used a total of 553 serum samples including samples from COVID-19 suspected and confirmed cases, healthy donors, and patients positive for other infections or autoimmune conditions. Overall, the assays showed good concordance with the indirect immunofluorescence reference test in terms of sensitivity and specificity. Especially for IgG and IgA, we observed high sensitivity (92.5 and 93.6%, respectively); specificity was high (>96%) for all antibody types ELISAs. In addition, sensitivity was linked to the days from symptoms onset (DSO) due to the seroconversion window, and for ENZY-WELL SARS-CoV-2 IgG and IgA ELISAs resulted 100% in those samples collected after 10 and 12 DSO, respectively. The results showed that ENZY-WELL SARS-CoV-2 ELISAs may represent a valid option for both diagnostic and epidemiological purposes, covering all different antibody types developed in SARS-CoV-2 immune response.

ACS Style

Colavita Francesca; Brogi Alessandra; Lapa Daniele; Bordi Licia; Matusali Giulia; Meschi Silvia; Marsella Patrizia; Tesi Giulia; Bandini Tommaso; Di Caro Antonino; Capobianchi Maria Rosaria; Castilletti Concetta. Evaluation of ELISA tests for the qualitative determination of IgG, IgM and IgA to SARS-CoV-2. 2020, 1 .

AMA Style

Colavita Francesca, Brogi Alessandra, Lapa Daniele, Bordi Licia, Matusali Giulia, Meschi Silvia, Marsella Patrizia, Tesi Giulia, Bandini Tommaso, Di Caro Antonino, Capobianchi Maria Rosaria, Castilletti Concetta. Evaluation of ELISA tests for the qualitative determination of IgG, IgM and IgA to SARS-CoV-2. . 2020; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Colavita Francesca; Brogi Alessandra; Lapa Daniele; Bordi Licia; Matusali Giulia; Meschi Silvia; Marsella Patrizia; Tesi Giulia; Bandini Tommaso; Di Caro Antonino; Capobianchi Maria Rosaria; Castilletti Concetta. 2020. "Evaluation of ELISA tests for the qualitative determination of IgG, IgM and IgA to SARS-CoV-2." , no. : 1.

Review
Published: 20 February 2019 in Viruses
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Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a re-emerging mosquito-borne virus that displays a large cell and organ tropism, and causes a broad range of clinical symptoms in humans. It is maintained in nature through both urban and sylvatic cycles, involving mosquito vectors and human or vertebrate animal hosts. Although CHIKV was first isolated in 1953, its pathogenesis was only more extensively studied after its re-emergence in 2004. The unexpected spread of CHIKV to novel tropical and non-tropical areas, in some instances driven by newly competent vectors, evidenced the vulnerability of new territories to this infectious agent and its associated diseases. The comprehension of the exact CHIKV target cells and organs, mechanisms of pathogenesis, and spectrum of both competitive vectors and animal hosts is pivotal for the design of effective therapeutic strategies, vector control measures, and eradication actions.

ACS Style

Giulia Matusali; Francesca Colavita; Licia Bordi; Eleonora Lalle; Giuseppe Ippolito; Maria R. Capobianchi; Concetta Castilletti. Tropism of the Chikungunya Virus. Viruses 2019, 11, 175 .

AMA Style

Giulia Matusali, Francesca Colavita, Licia Bordi, Eleonora Lalle, Giuseppe Ippolito, Maria R. Capobianchi, Concetta Castilletti. Tropism of the Chikungunya Virus. Viruses. 2019; 11 (2):175.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Giulia Matusali; Francesca Colavita; Licia Bordi; Eleonora Lalle; Giuseppe Ippolito; Maria R. Capobianchi; Concetta Castilletti. 2019. "Tropism of the Chikungunya Virus." Viruses 11, no. 2: 175.

Journal article
Published: 07 November 2017 in The new microbiologica
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Mirella Biava; Claudia Caglioti; Concetta Castilletti; Licia Bordi; Fabrizio Carletti; Francesca Colavita; Serena Quartu; Emanuele Nicastri; Marco Iannetta; Francesco Vairo; Giuseppina Liuzzi; Fabrizio Taglietti; Giuseppe Ippolito; Maria Rosaria Capobianchi; Eleonora Lalle. Persistence of ZIKV-RNA in the cellular fraction of semen is accompanied by a surrogate-marker of viral replication. Diagnostic implications for sexual transmission. The new microbiologica 2017, 40, 1 .

AMA Style

Mirella Biava, Claudia Caglioti, Concetta Castilletti, Licia Bordi, Fabrizio Carletti, Francesca Colavita, Serena Quartu, Emanuele Nicastri, Marco Iannetta, Francesco Vairo, Giuseppina Liuzzi, Fabrizio Taglietti, Giuseppe Ippolito, Maria Rosaria Capobianchi, Eleonora Lalle. Persistence of ZIKV-RNA in the cellular fraction of semen is accompanied by a surrogate-marker of viral replication. Diagnostic implications for sexual transmission. The new microbiologica. 2017; 40 (4):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mirella Biava; Claudia Caglioti; Concetta Castilletti; Licia Bordi; Fabrizio Carletti; Francesca Colavita; Serena Quartu; Emanuele Nicastri; Marco Iannetta; Francesco Vairo; Giuseppina Liuzzi; Fabrizio Taglietti; Giuseppe Ippolito; Maria Rosaria Capobianchi; Eleonora Lalle. 2017. "Persistence of ZIKV-RNA in the cellular fraction of semen is accompanied by a surrogate-marker of viral replication. Diagnostic implications for sexual transmission." The new microbiologica 40, no. 4: 1.

Published erratum
Published: 03 March 2017 in Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
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Licia Bordi; Tatjana Avsic-Zupanc; Eleonora Lalle; Francesco Vairo; Maria Rosaria Capobianchi; Pedro Fernando Da Costa Vasconcelos. Erratum: Emerging Zika Virus Infection: A Rapidly Evolving Situation. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology 2017, 972, 141 -141.

AMA Style

Licia Bordi, Tatjana Avsic-Zupanc, Eleonora Lalle, Francesco Vairo, Maria Rosaria Capobianchi, Pedro Fernando Da Costa Vasconcelos. Erratum: Emerging Zika Virus Infection: A Rapidly Evolving Situation. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology. 2017; 972 ():141-141.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Licia Bordi; Tatjana Avsic-Zupanc; Eleonora Lalle; Francesco Vairo; Maria Rosaria Capobianchi; Pedro Fernando Da Costa Vasconcelos. 2017. "Erratum: Emerging Zika Virus Infection: A Rapidly Evolving Situation." Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology 972, no. : 141-141.

Journal article
Published: 05 January 2017 in PLOS Pathogens
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An unprecedented Ebola virus (EBOV) epidemic occurred in 2013–2016 in West Africa. Over this time the epidemic exponentially grew and moved to Europe and North America, with several imported cases and many Health Care Workers (HCW) infected. Better understanding of EBOV infection patterns in different body compartments is mandatory to develop new countermeasures, as well as to fully comprehend the pathways of human-to-human transmission. We have longitudinally explored the persistence of EBOV-specific negative sense genomic RNA (neg-RNA) and the presence of positive sense RNA (pos-RNA), including both replication intermediate (antigenomic-RNA) and messenger RNA (mRNA) molecules, in the upper and lower respiratory tract, as compared to plasma, in a HCW infected with EBOV in Sierra Leone, who was hospitalized in the high isolation facility of the National Institute for Infectious Diseases “Lazzaro Spallanzani” (INMI), Rome, Italy. We observed persistence of pos-RNA and neg-RNAs in longitudinally collected specimens of the lower respiratory tract, even after viral clearance from plasma, suggesting possible local replication. The purpose of the present study is to enhance the knowledge on the biological features of EBOV that can contribute to the human-to-human transmissibility and to develop effective intervention strategies. However, further investigation is needed in order to better understand the clinical meaning of viral replication and shedding in the respiratory tract. An unprecedented Ebola outbreak occurred in 2013–2016 in West Africa. In order to better understand EBOV infection patterns in different body compartments, we have longitudinally explored the presence of already assessed markers of ongoing EBOV replication (negative sense genomic RNA and positive sense RNA) in the upper and lower respiratory tract, as compared to plasma and other body compartments, in a Health Care Worker infected with EBOV in Sierra Leone, who was hospitalized in the high isolation facility of the National Institute for Infectious Diseases “Lazzaro Spallanzani” (INMI), Rome, Italy. The presence of total EBOV RNA and replication markers was observed in specimens of the lower respiratory tract, even after viral clearance from plasma, suggesting possible local replication. Our results contribute to the knowledge on the biological features of EBOV and shed light on the potential role of respiratory compartment in human-to-human transmissibility.

ACS Style

Mirella Biava; Claudia Caglioti; Licia Bordi; Concetta Castilletti; Francesca Colavita; Serena Quartu; Emanuele Nicastri; Francesco Nicola Lauria; Nicola Petrosillo; Simone Lanini; Thomas Hoenen; Gary Kobinger; Professor Sir Alimuddin Zumla; Antonino Di Caro; Giuseppe Ippolito; Maria Rosaria Capobianchi; Eleonora Lalle. Detection of Viral RNA in Tissues following Plasma Clearance from an Ebola Virus Infected Patient. PLOS Pathogens 2017, 13, e1006065 .

AMA Style

Mirella Biava, Claudia Caglioti, Licia Bordi, Concetta Castilletti, Francesca Colavita, Serena Quartu, Emanuele Nicastri, Francesco Nicola Lauria, Nicola Petrosillo, Simone Lanini, Thomas Hoenen, Gary Kobinger, Professor Sir Alimuddin Zumla, Antonino Di Caro, Giuseppe Ippolito, Maria Rosaria Capobianchi, Eleonora Lalle. Detection of Viral RNA in Tissues following Plasma Clearance from an Ebola Virus Infected Patient. PLOS Pathogens. 2017; 13 (1):e1006065.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mirella Biava; Claudia Caglioti; Licia Bordi; Concetta Castilletti; Francesca Colavita; Serena Quartu; Emanuele Nicastri; Francesco Nicola Lauria; Nicola Petrosillo; Simone Lanini; Thomas Hoenen; Gary Kobinger; Professor Sir Alimuddin Zumla; Antonino Di Caro; Giuseppe Ippolito; Maria Rosaria Capobianchi; Eleonora Lalle. 2017. "Detection of Viral RNA in Tissues following Plasma Clearance from an Ebola Virus Infected Patient." PLOS Pathogens 13, no. 1: e1006065.

Chapter
Published: 29 December 2016 in Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
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Zika virus is a mosquito-borne flavivirus, firstly identified in Uganda and responsible for sporadic human cases in Africa and Asia until recently, when large outbreak occurred in Pacific Ocean and the Americas. Since the main vectors during its spread outside of Africa have been Ae. albopictus and Ae. aegypti mosquitoes, which are widely distributed all over the world, there is urgent need for a coordinated response for prevention and spread of ZIKV epidemics. Despite clinical manifestation of Zika virus infection are usually mild and self limiting, there are reports suggesting, during the recent epidemic, an association of ZIKV infection with severe consequences, including fetal/newborn microcephaly, due to vertical in utero transmission, autoimmune-neurological presentations including cranial nerve dysfunction, and Guillain-Barré Syndrome in adults. The primary mode of transmission of Zika virus between humans is through the bite of an infected female mosquito of the Aedes genus, but also sexual and blood transfusion transmission may occur. Moreover, a case of non-sexual spread from one person to another has been described, indicating that we still have more to learn about Zika transmission. Biological basis for pathogenetic effects are under investigation. Laboratory diagnosis is challenging since, so far, there are no “gold standard” diagnostic tools, and the low and short viremia in the acute phase, and together with the high cross-reactivity among the members of flavivirus genus are the most challenging aspects to be overcome.

ACS Style

Licia Bordi; Tatjana Avšič Županc; Eleonora Lalle; Francesco Vairo; Maria Rosaria Capobianchi; Pedro Fernando Da Costa Vasconcelos. Emerging Zika Virus Infection: A Rapidly Evolving Situation. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology 2016, 972, 61 -86.

AMA Style

Licia Bordi, Tatjana Avšič Županc, Eleonora Lalle, Francesco Vairo, Maria Rosaria Capobianchi, Pedro Fernando Da Costa Vasconcelos. Emerging Zika Virus Infection: A Rapidly Evolving Situation. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology. 2016; 972 ():61-86.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Licia Bordi; Tatjana Avšič Županc; Eleonora Lalle; Francesco Vairo; Maria Rosaria Capobianchi; Pedro Fernando Da Costa Vasconcelos. 2016. "Emerging Zika Virus Infection: A Rapidly Evolving Situation." Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology 972, no. : 61-86.

Journal article
Published: 22 November 2016 in Journal of Clinical Virology
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The recent Ebola virus disease outbreak occurred in West Africa since December 2013 highlighted the need of appropriate virus inactivation procedures to be set up to allow the necessary processing of specimens outside BSL-4 facilities and to perform laboratory tests without affecting clinical decisions. For this purpose, international guidelines suggest the pre-treatment of the samples with Triton X-100. Due to the limited scientific evidence about the efficacy of Triton X-100 on enveloped-viruses, the aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of Triton X-100 on the virus infectivity and to establish the optimal conditions for its use. We evaluated the effect of Triton X-100 on the infectivity of enveloped-viruses such as West Nile virus (WNV) and Ebola virus (EBOV) at different experimental conditions. The residual virus infectivity was measured by limiting dilution assay on Vero E6 cells. Repeated experiments were performed, as specified, and for the titration of residual infectivity each dilution was tested in triplicate. Results obtained with WNV showed that infectivity was reduced by 6 Logs, after 1 h of treatment with different concentrations of Triton X-100 (ranging from 0.5% to 0.05%). This effect was not time-dependent using 0.1% Triton X-100. Subsequently, we applied the method on EBOV and one hour exposure to 0.1% Triton X-100 strongly affected EBOV infectivity (4 Logs of infectivity reduction). We report that Triton X-100, when used alone, is able to strongly reduce the infectivity of a classical enveloped virus such as WNV and we provide, for the first time, scientific evidence that 0.1% Triton X-100 efficaciously affect Ebola virus infectivity. Even though a complete virus inactivation is not achieved, Triton X-100 certainly can contribute to mitigate the risk for the workers of accidental infection and improve the overall safety of the laboratory procedures. Further studies must be performed to deeply investigate alternative solutions able to balance higher level of safety and good performance in clinical chemistry and hematology parameters analysis, necessary for the appropriate and effective management of EVD patients.

ACS Style

Francesca Colavita; Serena Quartu; Eleonora Lalle; Licia Bordi; Daniele Lapa; Silvia Meschi; Antonella Vulcano; Antonietta Toffoletti; Eugenio Bordi; Maria Grazia Paglia; Antonino Di Caro; Giuseppe Ippolito; Maria Rosaria Capobianchi; Concetta Castilletti. Evaluation of the inactivation effect of Triton X-100 on Ebola virus infectivity. Journal of Clinical Virology 2016, 86, 27 -30.

AMA Style

Francesca Colavita, Serena Quartu, Eleonora Lalle, Licia Bordi, Daniele Lapa, Silvia Meschi, Antonella Vulcano, Antonietta Toffoletti, Eugenio Bordi, Maria Grazia Paglia, Antonino Di Caro, Giuseppe Ippolito, Maria Rosaria Capobianchi, Concetta Castilletti. Evaluation of the inactivation effect of Triton X-100 on Ebola virus infectivity. Journal of Clinical Virology. 2016; 86 ():27-30.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Francesca Colavita; Serena Quartu; Eleonora Lalle; Licia Bordi; Daniele Lapa; Silvia Meschi; Antonella Vulcano; Antonietta Toffoletti; Eugenio Bordi; Maria Grazia Paglia; Antonino Di Caro; Giuseppe Ippolito; Maria Rosaria Capobianchi; Concetta Castilletti. 2016. "Evaluation of the inactivation effect of Triton X-100 on Ebola virus infectivity." Journal of Clinical Virology 86, no. : 27-30.

Case report
Published: 11 November 2016 in BMC Infectious Diseases
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Since early 2015, a large epidemic of Zika Virus (ZIKV) is spreading across South and Central America. An association between congenital neurological malformations (mainly microcephaly), other neurological manifestations such as Guillain-Barrè Syndrome, and ZIKV infection is suspected. Three confirmed cases of ZIKV in travelers returning from Brazil between May 2015 and January 2016 are described. All patients had mild symptoms with no neurological complications. An increasing awareness among clinicians about this emerging disease is advisable, both for the need to provide correct additional information to the patients and to travelers, with a special focus on pregnant women, and for the presence of the competent vector in Southern Europe.

ACS Style

Emanuele Nicastri; Raffaella Pisapia; Angela Corpolongo; Francesco Maria Fusco; Stefania Cicalini; Paola Scognamiglio; Concetta Castilletti; Licia Bordi; Antonino Di Caro; Maria Rosaria Capobianchi; Vincenzo Puro; Giuseppe Ippolito. Three cases of Zika virus imported in Italy: need for a clinical awareness and evidence-based knowledge. BMC Infectious Diseases 2016, 16, 1 -4.

AMA Style

Emanuele Nicastri, Raffaella Pisapia, Angela Corpolongo, Francesco Maria Fusco, Stefania Cicalini, Paola Scognamiglio, Concetta Castilletti, Licia Bordi, Antonino Di Caro, Maria Rosaria Capobianchi, Vincenzo Puro, Giuseppe Ippolito. Three cases of Zika virus imported in Italy: need for a clinical awareness and evidence-based knowledge. BMC Infectious Diseases. 2016; 16 (1):1-4.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Emanuele Nicastri; Raffaella Pisapia; Angela Corpolongo; Francesco Maria Fusco; Stefania Cicalini; Paola Scognamiglio; Concetta Castilletti; Licia Bordi; Antonino Di Caro; Maria Rosaria Capobianchi; Vincenzo Puro; Giuseppe Ippolito. 2016. "Three cases of Zika virus imported in Italy: need for a clinical awareness and evidence-based knowledge." BMC Infectious Diseases 16, no. 1: 1-4.

Journal article
Published: 31 March 2016 in Cell Death & Disease
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Data on immune responses during human Ebola virus disease (EVD) are scanty, due to limitations imposed by biosafety requirements and logistics. A sustained activation of T-cells was recently described but functional studies during the acute phase of human EVD are still missing. Aim of this work was to evaluate the kinetics and functionality of T-cell subsets, as well as the expression of activation, autophagy, apoptosis and exhaustion markers during the acute phase of EVD until recovery. Two EVD patients admitted to the Italian National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Lazzaro Spallanzani, were sampled sequentially from soon after symptom onset until recovery and analyzed by flow cytometry and ELISpot assay. An early and sustained decrease of CD4 T-cells was seen in both patients, with an inversion of the CD4/CD8 ratio that was reverted during the recovery period. In parallel with the CD4 T-cell depletion, a massive T-cell activation occurred and was associated with autophagic/apoptotic phenotype, enhanced expression of the exhaustion marker PD-1 and impaired IFN-gamma production. The immunological impairment was accompanied by EBV reactivation. The association of an early and sustained dysfunctional T-cell activation in parallel to an overall CD4 T-cell decline may represent a previously unknown critical point of Ebola virus (EBOV)-induced immune subversion. The recent observation of late occurrence of EBOV-associated neurological disease highlights the importance to monitor the immuno-competence recovery at discharge as a tool to evaluate the risk of late sequelae associated with resumption of EBOV replication. Further studies are required to define the molecular mechanisms of EVD-driven activation/exhaustion and depletion of T-cells.

ACS Style

Chiara Agrati; C Castilletti; Rita Casetti; Alessandra Sacchi; L Falasca; F Turchi; Nicola Tumino; Veronica Bordoni; Eleonora Cimini; D Viola; Eleonora Lalle; Licia Bordi; S Lanini; F Martini; Emanuele Nicastri; Nicola Petrosillo; V Puro; M Piacentini; A Di Caro; G P Kobinger; Professor Sir Alimuddin Zumla; G Ippolito; M R Capobianchi. Longitudinal characterization of dysfunctional T cell-activation during human acute Ebola infection. Cell Death & Disease 2016, 7, e2164 -e2164.

AMA Style

Chiara Agrati, C Castilletti, Rita Casetti, Alessandra Sacchi, L Falasca, F Turchi, Nicola Tumino, Veronica Bordoni, Eleonora Cimini, D Viola, Eleonora Lalle, Licia Bordi, S Lanini, F Martini, Emanuele Nicastri, Nicola Petrosillo, V Puro, M Piacentini, A Di Caro, G P Kobinger, Professor Sir Alimuddin Zumla, G Ippolito, M R Capobianchi. Longitudinal characterization of dysfunctional T cell-activation during human acute Ebola infection. Cell Death & Disease. 2016; 7 (3):e2164-e2164.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Chiara Agrati; C Castilletti; Rita Casetti; Alessandra Sacchi; L Falasca; F Turchi; Nicola Tumino; Veronica Bordoni; Eleonora Cimini; D Viola; Eleonora Lalle; Licia Bordi; S Lanini; F Martini; Emanuele Nicastri; Nicola Petrosillo; V Puro; M Piacentini; A Di Caro; G P Kobinger; Professor Sir Alimuddin Zumla; G Ippolito; M R Capobianchi. 2016. "Longitudinal characterization of dysfunctional T cell-activation during human acute Ebola infection." Cell Death & Disease 7, no. 3: e2164-e2164.

Journal article
Published: 10 March 2016 in Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology
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Vincenzo Puro; Francesco M Fusco; Antonella Petrecchia; Silvia Pittalis; Mario Antonini; Licia Bordi; Eleonora Lalle; Concetta Castilletti; Antonino Di Caro; Maria Rosaria Capobianchi; Giuseppe Ippolito. Sampling Surfaces for Ebola Virus Persistence After Cleaning Procedures in High-Level Isolation Settings: The Experience With 2 Patients at the Lazzaro Spallanzani National Institute for Infectious Diseases. Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 2016, 37, 723 -725.

AMA Style

Vincenzo Puro, Francesco M Fusco, Antonella Petrecchia, Silvia Pittalis, Mario Antonini, Licia Bordi, Eleonora Lalle, Concetta Castilletti, Antonino Di Caro, Maria Rosaria Capobianchi, Giuseppe Ippolito. Sampling Surfaces for Ebola Virus Persistence After Cleaning Procedures in High-Level Isolation Settings: The Experience With 2 Patients at the Lazzaro Spallanzani National Institute for Infectious Diseases. Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology. 2016; 37 (6):723-725.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Vincenzo Puro; Francesco M Fusco; Antonella Petrecchia; Silvia Pittalis; Mario Antonini; Licia Bordi; Eleonora Lalle; Concetta Castilletti; Antonino Di Caro; Maria Rosaria Capobianchi; Giuseppe Ippolito. 2016. "Sampling Surfaces for Ebola Virus Persistence After Cleaning Procedures in High-Level Isolation Settings: The Experience With 2 Patients at the Lazzaro Spallanzani National Institute for Infectious Diseases." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 37, no. 6: 723-725.

Journal article
Published: 06 November 2015 in Journal of Medical Virology
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In 2013, the majority of the WHO/EUR countries reported an annual incidence of >1 case per one million population indicating that the elimination target is far from being met. Thus, there is the urgent need to uncover and analyze chains of measles virus (MV) transmission with the objective to identify vulnerable groups and avoid possible routes of introduction of MV variants in the European population. The analysis of molecular epidemiology of MV B3 strains identified in 2014 has shown that four different variants co-circulated in Italy, including the strain that caused a cruise-line ship outbreak at the beginning of the year

ACS Style

Fabio Magurano; Melissa Baggieri; Licia Bordi; Eleonora Lalle; Maria Chironna; Tiziana Lazzarotto; Antonella Amendola; Fausto Baldanti; Filippo Ansaldi; Antonietta Filia; Silvia Declich; Stefania Iannazzo; Maria Grazia Pompa; Paola Bucci; Antonella Marchi; Loredana Nicoletti. Measles in Italy: Co-circulation of B3 variants during 2014. Journal of Medical Virology 2015, 88, 1081 -1085.

AMA Style

Fabio Magurano, Melissa Baggieri, Licia Bordi, Eleonora Lalle, Maria Chironna, Tiziana Lazzarotto, Antonella Amendola, Fausto Baldanti, Filippo Ansaldi, Antonietta Filia, Silvia Declich, Stefania Iannazzo, Maria Grazia Pompa, Paola Bucci, Antonella Marchi, Loredana Nicoletti. Measles in Italy: Co-circulation of B3 variants during 2014. Journal of Medical Virology. 2015; 88 (6):1081-1085.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Fabio Magurano; Melissa Baggieri; Licia Bordi; Eleonora Lalle; Maria Chironna; Tiziana Lazzarotto; Antonella Amendola; Fausto Baldanti; Filippo Ansaldi; Antonietta Filia; Silvia Declich; Stefania Iannazzo; Maria Grazia Pompa; Paola Bucci; Antonella Marchi; Loredana Nicoletti. 2015. "Measles in Italy: Co-circulation of B3 variants during 2014." Journal of Medical Virology 88, no. 6: 1081-1085.

Journal article
Published: 25 June 2015 in Genome Announcements
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Here, we report the complete genome sequence of an Ebola virus (EBOV) isolated from a health worker repatriated from Sierra Leone to Italy in November 2014. The sequence, clustering in clade 3 of the Sierra Leone sequences, was analyzed with respect to mutations possibly affecting diagnostic and therapeutic targets as well as virulence.

ACS Style

Concetta Castilletti; Fabrizio Carletti; Cesare E. M. Gruber; Licia Bordi; Eleonora Lalle; Serena Quartu; Silvia Meschi; Daniele Lapa; Francesca Colavita; Roberta Chiappini; Antonio Mazzarelli; Patrizia Marsella; Nicola Petrosillo; Emanuele Nicastri; Giovanni Chillemi; Alessio Valentini; Alessandro Desideri; Antonino Di Caro; Giuseppe Ippolito; Maria R. Capobianchi. Molecular Characterization of the First Ebola Virus Isolated in Italy, from a Health Care Worker Repatriated from Sierra Leone. Genome Announcements 2015, 3, e00639-15 .

AMA Style

Concetta Castilletti, Fabrizio Carletti, Cesare E. M. Gruber, Licia Bordi, Eleonora Lalle, Serena Quartu, Silvia Meschi, Daniele Lapa, Francesca Colavita, Roberta Chiappini, Antonio Mazzarelli, Patrizia Marsella, Nicola Petrosillo, Emanuele Nicastri, Giovanni Chillemi, Alessio Valentini, Alessandro Desideri, Antonino Di Caro, Giuseppe Ippolito, Maria R. Capobianchi. Molecular Characterization of the First Ebola Virus Isolated in Italy, from a Health Care Worker Repatriated from Sierra Leone. Genome Announcements. 2015; 3 (3):e00639-15.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Concetta Castilletti; Fabrizio Carletti; Cesare E. M. Gruber; Licia Bordi; Eleonora Lalle; Serena Quartu; Silvia Meschi; Daniele Lapa; Francesca Colavita; Roberta Chiappini; Antonio Mazzarelli; Patrizia Marsella; Nicola Petrosillo; Emanuele Nicastri; Giovanni Chillemi; Alessio Valentini; Alessandro Desideri; Antonino Di Caro; Giuseppe Ippolito; Maria R. Capobianchi. 2015. "Molecular Characterization of the First Ebola Virus Isolated in Italy, from a Health Care Worker Repatriated from Sierra Leone." Genome Announcements 3, no. 3: e00639-15.

Research article
Published: 18 February 2015 in PLoS ONE
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Crimean Congo Hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) is the causative agent of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever, a severe disease with a mortality rate of around 30% in humans. Previous studies demonstrate that pre-treatment with type I IFNs have an antiviral effect against CCHFV, while established CCHFV infection is almost insensitive to subsequent IFN-α treatment. No data concerning type III IFNs antiviral activity against CCHFV are available so far. The aim of the present study was to explore the capability of IFN-λ1 to inhibit the replication of CCHFV and the possible synergism/antagonism between IFN-α and IFN-λ1 both in the inhibition of CCHFV replication and in the activation of intracellular pathways of IFN response. Human A549 and HuH7 cells were treated with increasing amounts of IFN-λ1, or IFN-α or a combination of them, infected with CCHF; the extent of virus yield inhibition and the induction of MxA and 2’-5’OAS mRNA was measured. Our study pointed out that type III IFN possess an antiviral activity against CCHFV, even if lower than type I IFN. Moreover, a clear antagonism between IFN-λ and IFN–α was observed in both cell lines (A549 and HuH7 cells), in terms of antiviral effect and activation of pivotal ISGs, i.e. MxA and 2’-5’OAS. Elucidating the interplay between type I and III IFNs will help to better understand innate defence mechanisms against viral infections and may provide novel scientific evidence for a more rational planning of available and future treatments, particularly against human diseases caused by high concern viruses.

ACS Style

Licia Bordi; Eleonora Lalle; Claudia Caglioti; Damiano Travaglini; Daniele Lapa; Patrizia Marsella; Serena Quartu; Zoltan Kis; Kevin K. Arien; Hartwig P. Huemer; Silvia Meschi; Giuseppe Ippolito; Antonino Di Caro; Maria R. Capobianchi; Concetta Castilletti. Antagonistic Antiviral Activity between IFN-Lambda and IFN-Alpha against Lethal Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus In Vitro. PLoS ONE 2015, 10, e0116816 .

AMA Style

Licia Bordi, Eleonora Lalle, Claudia Caglioti, Damiano Travaglini, Daniele Lapa, Patrizia Marsella, Serena Quartu, Zoltan Kis, Kevin K. Arien, Hartwig P. Huemer, Silvia Meschi, Giuseppe Ippolito, Antonino Di Caro, Maria R. Capobianchi, Concetta Castilletti. Antagonistic Antiviral Activity between IFN-Lambda and IFN-Alpha against Lethal Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus In Vitro. PLoS ONE. 2015; 10 (2):e0116816.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Licia Bordi; Eleonora Lalle; Claudia Caglioti; Damiano Travaglini; Daniele Lapa; Patrizia Marsella; Serena Quartu; Zoltan Kis; Kevin K. Arien; Hartwig P. Huemer; Silvia Meschi; Giuseppe Ippolito; Antonino Di Caro; Maria R. Capobianchi; Concetta Castilletti. 2015. "Antagonistic Antiviral Activity between IFN-Lambda and IFN-Alpha against Lethal Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus In Vitro." PLoS ONE 10, no. 2: e0116816.

Research article
Published: 12 February 2015 in PLOS ONE
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Single-nucleotide polymorphism in IFNL3 gene (rs12979860) predicts spontaneous and therapy-induced HCV clearance. In a previous study from our group PBMC from patients with favourable rs12979860 genotype showed higher levels of IFNAR-1 mRNA. Recently, a dinucleotide polymorphism, ss469415590 (TT or ΔG), has been discovered in the region upstream IFNL3 gene, which is in high linkage disequilibrium with rs12979860. ss469415590[ΔG] is a frameshift variant that creates a novel gene, designed IFNL4, encoding the interferon-lambda 4 protein (IFNL4). The aim of the present study was to extend the analysis of IFNAR-1 mRNA levels to the ss469415590 variants. Our results highlight that the difference of IFNAR-1 mRNA levels between favourable and unfavourable genotype combinations, at both rs12979860 and ss469415590 loci, is stronger than that observed for single polymorphisms at each locus. These findings suggest may represent the biological basis for the observed association between IFNL3 CC and IFNL4 TT/TT genotypes and favourable outcome of either natural HCV infection (clearance vs chronic evolution) or IFN-based therapy.

ACS Style

Licia Bordi; Claudia Caglioti; Anna Rosa Garbuglia; Daniele Lapa; Concetta Castilletti; Chiara Taibi; Maria Rosaria Capobianchi; Eleonora Lalle. IFNL4 and IFNL3 Associated Polymorphisms Strongly Influence the Spontaneous IFN-Alpha Receptor-1 Expression in HCV-Infected Patients. PLOS ONE 2015, 10, e0117397 -e0117397.

AMA Style

Licia Bordi, Claudia Caglioti, Anna Rosa Garbuglia, Daniele Lapa, Concetta Castilletti, Chiara Taibi, Maria Rosaria Capobianchi, Eleonora Lalle. IFNL4 and IFNL3 Associated Polymorphisms Strongly Influence the Spontaneous IFN-Alpha Receptor-1 Expression in HCV-Infected Patients. PLOS ONE. 2015; 10 (2):e0117397-e0117397.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Licia Bordi; Claudia Caglioti; Anna Rosa Garbuglia; Daniele Lapa; Concetta Castilletti; Chiara Taibi; Maria Rosaria Capobianchi; Eleonora Lalle. 2015. "IFNL4 and IFNL3 Associated Polymorphisms Strongly Influence the Spontaneous IFN-Alpha Receptor-1 Expression in HCV-Infected Patients." PLOS ONE 10, no. 2: e0117397-e0117397.