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Nesterenkonia sp. PF2B19, a psychrophile was isolated from 44,800-year-old permafrost soil. This is the first report on comparative genomics of Nesterenkonia sp. isolated from Arctic. Genome of PF2B19 exhibited the presence of a vast array of genetic determinants involved in cold adaptation i.e., response to cold-associated general, osmotic, and oxidative stress. These genomic attributes proved to be valuable in unraveling the adaptive tactics employed by PF2B19 for survival in the cold permafrost soils of the Arctic. Genomic analysis of PF2B19 has given some valuable insight into the biotechnological potential of this strain, particularly as a source of cold-active enzymes, as a bioremediating agent and as plant growth-promoting bacteria.
Purnima Singh; Neelam Kapse; Vasudevan Gowdaman; Masaharu Tsuji; Shiv Singh; Prashant Dhakephalkar. Comparative Genomic Analysis of Arctic Permafrost Bacterium Nesterenkonia sp. PF2B19 to Gain Insights into Its Cold Adaptation Tactic and Diverse Biotechnological Potential. Sustainability 2021, 13, 4590 .
AMA StylePurnima Singh, Neelam Kapse, Vasudevan Gowdaman, Masaharu Tsuji, Shiv Singh, Prashant Dhakephalkar. Comparative Genomic Analysis of Arctic Permafrost Bacterium Nesterenkonia sp. PF2B19 to Gain Insights into Its Cold Adaptation Tactic and Diverse Biotechnological Potential. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (8):4590.
Chicago/Turabian StylePurnima Singh; Neelam Kapse; Vasudevan Gowdaman; Masaharu Tsuji; Shiv Singh; Prashant Dhakephalkar. 2021. "Comparative Genomic Analysis of Arctic Permafrost Bacterium Nesterenkonia sp. PF2B19 to Gain Insights into Its Cold Adaptation Tactic and Diverse Biotechnological Potential." Sustainability 13, no. 8: 4590.
To understand the microbial composition and diversity patterns, cryoconite granules were collected from two geographical areas, i.e., Nepali Himalaya and Greenland, Arctic. 16S rRNA, ITS and the D1/D2 domain sequencing techniques were used for characterization of microbial communities of the four glaciers. The total 13 species of bacteria such as Bacillus aryabhattai, Bacillus simplex, Brevundimonas vesicularis, Cryobacterium luteum, Cryobacterium psychrotolerans, Dermacoccus nishinomiyaensis, Glaciihabitans tibetensis, Leifsonia kafniensis, Paracoccus limosus, Polaromonas glacialis, Sporosarcina globispora, Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Variovorax ginsengisoli, and 4 species of fungi such as Goffeauzyma gilvescens, Mrakia robertii, Dothideomycetes sp., Helotiales sp. were recorded from Nepali Himalaya. Among these, 12 species of bacteria and 4 species of fungi are new contributions to Himalaya. In contrast to this, six species of bacteria such as Bacillus cereus, Cryobacterium psychrotolerans, Dermacoccus nishinomiyaensis, Enhydrobacter aerosaccus, Glaciihabitans tibetensis, Subtercola frigoramans, and nine species of fungi such as Goffeauzyma gilvescens, Mrakia robertii, Naganishia vaughanmartiniae, Piskurozyma fildesensis, Rhodotorula svalbardensis, Alatospora acuminata, Articulospora sp., Phialophora sp., Thelebolus microspores, and Dothideomycetes sp.), were recorded from Qaanaaq, Isunnguata Sermia and Thule glaciers, Greenland. Among these, five species of bacteria and seven species of fungi are new contributions to Greenland cryoconite. Microbial analyses indicate that the Nepali Himalayan cryoconite colonize higher numbers of microbial species compared to the Greenland cryoconite.
Purnima Singh; Masaharu Tsuji; Shiv Mohan Singh; Nozomu Takeuchi. Contrasting Patterns of Microbial Communities in Glacier Cryoconite of Nepali Himalaya and Greenland, Arctic. Sustainability 2020, 12, 6477 .
AMA StylePurnima Singh, Masaharu Tsuji, Shiv Mohan Singh, Nozomu Takeuchi. Contrasting Patterns of Microbial Communities in Glacier Cryoconite of Nepali Himalaya and Greenland, Arctic. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (16):6477.
Chicago/Turabian StylePurnima Singh; Masaharu Tsuji; Shiv Mohan Singh; Nozomu Takeuchi. 2020. "Contrasting Patterns of Microbial Communities in Glacier Cryoconite of Nepali Himalaya and Greenland, Arctic." Sustainability 12, no. 16: 6477.
Obligate psychrophilic, Cryobacterium sp. MLB-32, was isolated from cryoconite holes of high Arctic glaciers. Here, we report the first draft genome sequence of the putative novel species of the genus Cryobacterium, providing opportunities for biotechnological and agricultural exploitation of its genome features.
Purnima Singh; Neelam Kapse; Preeti Arora; Shiv Mohan Singh; Prashant K. Dhakephalkar. Draft genome of Cryobacterium sp. MLB-32, an obligate psychrophile from glacier cryoconite holes of high Arctic. Marine Genomics 2015, 21, 25 -26.
AMA StylePurnima Singh, Neelam Kapse, Preeti Arora, Shiv Mohan Singh, Prashant K. Dhakephalkar. Draft genome of Cryobacterium sp. MLB-32, an obligate psychrophile from glacier cryoconite holes of high Arctic. Marine Genomics. 2015; 21 ():25-26.
Chicago/Turabian StylePurnima Singh; Neelam Kapse; Preeti Arora; Shiv Mohan Singh; Prashant K. Dhakephalkar. 2015. "Draft genome of Cryobacterium sp. MLB-32, an obligate psychrophile from glacier cryoconite holes of high Arctic." Marine Genomics 21, no. : 25-26.
A psychrophilic yeast species was isolated from glacier cryoconite holes of Svalbard. Nucleotide sequences of the strains were studied using D1/D2 domain, ITS region and partial sequences of mitochondrial cytochrome b gene. The strains belonged to a clade of psychrophilic yeasts, but showed marked differences from related species in the D1/D2 domain and biochemical characters. Effects of temperature, salt and media on growth of the cultures were also studied. Screening of the cultures for amylase, cellulase, protease, lipase, urease and catalase activities was carried out. The strains expressed high amylase and lipase activities. Freeze tolerance ability of the isolates indicated the formation of unique hexagonal ice crystal structures due to presence of 'antifreeze proteins' (AFPs). FAME analysis of cultures showed a unique trend of increase in unsaturated fatty acids with decrease in temperature. The major fatty acids recorded were oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, myristic acid and pentadecanoic acid. Based on sequence data and, physiological and morphological properties of the strains, we propose a novel species, Rhodotorula svalbardensis and designate strains MLB-I (CCP-II) and CRY-YB-1 (CBS 12863, JCM 19699, JCM 19700, MTCC 10952) as its type strains (Etymology: sval.bar.den'sis. N.L. fem. adj. svalbardensis pertaining to Svalbard).
Purnima Singh; Shiv M. Singh; Masaharu Tsuji; Gandham S. Prasad; Tamotsu Hoshino. Rhodotorula svalbardensis sp. nov., a novel yeast species isolated from cryoconite holes of Ny-Ålesund, Arctic. Cryobiology 2014, 68, 122 -128.
AMA StylePurnima Singh, Shiv M. Singh, Masaharu Tsuji, Gandham S. Prasad, Tamotsu Hoshino. Rhodotorula svalbardensis sp. nov., a novel yeast species isolated from cryoconite holes of Ny-Ålesund, Arctic. Cryobiology. 2014; 68 (1):122-128.
Chicago/Turabian StylePurnima Singh; Shiv M. Singh; Masaharu Tsuji; Gandham S. Prasad; Tamotsu Hoshino. 2014. "Rhodotorula svalbardensis sp. nov., a novel yeast species isolated from cryoconite holes of Ny-Ålesund, Arctic." Cryobiology 68, no. 1: 122-128.
Cryoconite holes have biogeochemical, ecological and biotechnological importance. This communication presents results on culturable psychrophilic bacterial diversity from cryoconite holes at Midre Lovénbreen (ML), Austre Brøggerbreen (AB), and Vestre Brøggerbreen (VB) glaciers. The culturable bacterial count ranged from 2.7 × 103 to 8.8 × 104 CFUs/g while the total bacterial numbers ranged from 5.07 × 105 to 1.50 × 106 cells at the three glaciers. A total of 35 morphologically distinct bacterial isolates were isolated. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence data, the identified species belonged to eight genera namely Pseudomonas, Polaromonas, Micrococcus, Subtercola, Agreia, Leifsonia, Cryobacterium and Flavobacterium. The isolates varied in their growth temperature, NaCl tolerance, growth pH, enzyme activities, carbon utilization and antibiotic sensitivity tests. Fatty acid profiles indicate the predominance of branched fatty acids in the isolates. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first record of culturable bacterial communities and their characterization from glacier cryoconites from High Arctic. High amylase and protease activities expressed by Micrococcus sp. MLB-41 and amylase, protease and lipase activities expressed by Cryobacterium sp. MLB-32 provide a clue to the potential applications of these organisms. These cold-adapted enzymes may provide an opportunity for the prospect of biotechnology in Arctic.
Purnima Singh; Shiv M. Singh; Prashant Dhakephalkar. Diversity, cold active enzymes and adaptation strategies of bacteria inhabiting glacier cryoconite holes of High Arctic. Extremophiles 2013, 18, 229 -242.
AMA StylePurnima Singh, Shiv M. Singh, Prashant Dhakephalkar. Diversity, cold active enzymes and adaptation strategies of bacteria inhabiting glacier cryoconite holes of High Arctic. Extremophiles. 2013; 18 (2):229-242.
Chicago/Turabian StylePurnima Singh; Shiv M. Singh; Prashant Dhakephalkar. 2013. "Diversity, cold active enzymes and adaptation strategies of bacteria inhabiting glacier cryoconite holes of High Arctic." Extremophiles 18, no. 2: 229-242.
Fourteen Arctic bacterial strains belonging to five genera, Cryobacterium, Leifsonia, Polaromonas, Pseudomonas, and Subtercola isolated from sediments found in cryoconite holes of Arctic glaciers, were subjected to screening for antifreeze proteins (AFPs). Eight strains showed AFP activity, and six strains of four species were further characterized. Pseudomonas ficuserectae exhibited a high thermal hysteresis (TH) activity. Ice recrystallization inhibition (IRI) activity was observed in most cultures at low protein concentration. Bacterial AFPs produced rounded shape of ice crystals that did not change their size and morphology within the TH window. Cry-g (P. ficuserectae) failed to inhibit ice recrystallization, indicating that the IRI activity of the AFPs does not relate to the strength of TH activity. SDS-PAGE analysis of the AFPs suggests their apparent molecular weights to be around 23 kDa. This study is significant as it screens several species of Arctic bacterial strains for AFP activity. So far, only one species of bacteria, Pseudomonas putida, was reported from the Arctic to produce AFPs. N-terminal amino acid sequence analysis shows that the bacterial AFPs isolated belong to the AFP family IBP-1, which is known to have an important physiological role in the cold environment. AFPs of glacier cryoconite habitat have been discussed.
Purnima Singh; Yuichi Hanada; Shiv Mohan Singh; Sakae Tsuda. Antifreeze protein activity in Arctic cryoconite bacteria. FEMS Microbiology Letters 2013, 351, 14 -22.
AMA StylePurnima Singh, Yuichi Hanada, Shiv Mohan Singh, Sakae Tsuda. Antifreeze protein activity in Arctic cryoconite bacteria. FEMS Microbiology Letters. 2013; 351 (1):14-22.
Chicago/Turabian StylePurnima Singh; Yuichi Hanada; Shiv Mohan Singh; Sakae Tsuda. 2013. "Antifreeze protein activity in Arctic cryoconite bacteria." FEMS Microbiology Letters 351, no. 1: 14-22.
Ten strains of cryophilic yeast were studied from glacier ice cores of Svalbard, Arctic. The ice melt samples contained about 3×10(3) - 1×10(4) colony forming unit (CFUs) per ml. Sequence analysis of the isolates, using D1/D2 domain identified five species of yeasts: Cryptococcus adeliensis (MLB-18 JX192655), Cryptococcus albidosimilis (MLB-19 JX192656), Cryptococcus saitoi (MLB-22 JX192659), Rhodosporidium lusitaniae (MLB-20 JX192657), and Rhodotorula mucilaginosa (MLB-27 JX192664). Effect of temperature on growth of these isolates was studied. The strains are able to grow at temperatures ranging between 1 and 20°C. Screening of the cultures for amylase, cellulase, protease, lipase, urease and catalase activity were carried out indicating varying amounts of enzyme production at different temperatures. Characterization of lipase in strain Cryptococcus sp. MLB-24 was performed. Fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) analysis of the cultures grown at four different temperatures (1, 4, 15, and 20°C) was also done. Decrease in temperature was reported to cause increase in concentration of unsaturated fatty acids. High amount of oleic acid accumulated with increase in temperature. These fatty acids possibly help the strains to survive in glacial ice core cold environment. The extracellular and intracellular filtrate of the cultures showed negative antifreeze protein (AFP) activity. The observations indicate that probably the isolates in the present undertaking adapt to low temperatures, by enzyme and PUFA secretion rather than by antifreeze protein secretion.
Purnima Singh; Masaharu Tsuji; Shiv Mohan Singh; Utpal Roy; Tamotsu Hoshino. Taxonomic characterization, adaptation strategies and biotechnological potential of cryophilic yeasts from ice cores of Midre Lovénbreen glacier, Svalbard, Arctic. Cryobiology 2013, 66, 167 -175.
AMA StylePurnima Singh, Masaharu Tsuji, Shiv Mohan Singh, Utpal Roy, Tamotsu Hoshino. Taxonomic characterization, adaptation strategies and biotechnological potential of cryophilic yeasts from ice cores of Midre Lovénbreen glacier, Svalbard, Arctic. Cryobiology. 2013; 66 (2):167-175.
Chicago/Turabian StylePurnima Singh; Masaharu Tsuji; Shiv Mohan Singh; Utpal Roy; Tamotsu Hoshino. 2013. "Taxonomic characterization, adaptation strategies and biotechnological potential of cryophilic yeasts from ice cores of Midre Lovénbreen glacier, Svalbard, Arctic." Cryobiology 66, no. 2: 167-175.
Many filamentous fungi were isolated from the soils of Ny-Ålesund, Spitsbergen, Svalbard, and were screened in vitro for their phosphate solubilizing ability. Two strains of Aspergillus niger showed good tricalcium phosphate (TCP) solubilizing ability in Pikovskaya's medium. The TCP solubilization index was calculated at varying levels of pH and temperatures. The ability of Aspergillus niger strain-1 to solubilize and release inorganic-P was 285 µg ml–1, while Aspergillus niger strain-2 solubilized 262 µg ml–1 from 0.5% TCP after seven days. This is the first report of TCP solubilization by Arctic strains that may serve as very good phosphate solubilizers in the form of biofertilizer.
Shiv Mohan Singh; Lal Sahab Yadav; Sanjay Kumar Singh; Purnima Singh; Paras Nath Singh; Rasik Ravindra; Shiv Mohan Singh National Centre for Antarctic and Ocean Research Vasco Da Gama Goa India Correspondencesmsinghncaor.org; Lal Sahab Yadav Agharkar Research Institute G.G. Agarkar Road Pune India. Phosphate solubilizing ability of two Arctic Aspergillus niger strains. Polar Research 2011, 30, 1 .
AMA StyleShiv Mohan Singh, Lal Sahab Yadav, Sanjay Kumar Singh, Purnima Singh, Paras Nath Singh, Rasik Ravindra, Shiv Mohan Singh National Centre for Antarctic and Ocean Research Vasco Da Gama Goa India Correspondencesmsinghncaor.org, Lal Sahab Yadav Agharkar Research Institute G.G. Agarkar Road Pune India. Phosphate solubilizing ability of two Arctic Aspergillus niger strains. Polar Research. 2011; 30 (1):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleShiv Mohan Singh; Lal Sahab Yadav; Sanjay Kumar Singh; Purnima Singh; Paras Nath Singh; Rasik Ravindra; Shiv Mohan Singh National Centre for Antarctic and Ocean Research Vasco Da Gama Goa India Correspondencesmsinghncaor.org; Lal Sahab Yadav Agharkar Research Institute G.G. Agarkar Road Pune India. 2011. "Phosphate solubilizing ability of two Arctic Aspergillus niger strains." Polar Research 30, no. 1: 1.