Obesity, along with dyslipidemia and hyperglycemia, is a metabolic disorder growing in prevalence that is linked to chronic diseases such as atherosclerosis, hypertension, and type 2 diabetes. This study evaluated the anti-obesity, lipid-lowering, and anti-hyperglycemic effects of CB-02 capsules containing dry extracts of Phyllanthus emblica L., Dendrobium catenatum Lindl., and Gynostemma pentaphyllum in HFD-induced obese Swiss albino mice. After 12 weeks of HFD induction, mice were treated orally with CB-02 (576 or 1152 mg/kg/day) for 8 weeks. CB-02 significantly reduced BW gain, AC, the Lee obesity index, and the relative weights of visceral fat and major organs. It also improved lipid profiles by decreasing TC, TG, LDL-C, and non-HDL-C, while increasing HDL-C. These effects were comparable to orlistat (60 mg/kg/day). Furthermore, CB-02 lowered fasting glucose and improved insulin sensitivity, as indicated by an increased QUICKI and HOMA-β and reduced HOMA-IR. Histopathological evaluation showed that CB-02 reduced hepatic steatosis and inflammatory cell infiltration and also attenuated β-cell morphological alterations and pancreatic histopathological damage. These results suggest that CB-02 may be a promising therapeutic candidate for managing obesity and its comorbidities, including dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, and hepatic steatosis, contributing to the prevention of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases in obese individuals.

Introduction: The combination Camellia chrysantha and Gynostemma pentaphyllum is used in Vietnam against hyperlipidemia. This study aims to evaluate the effects of the extract mixture of C. chrysantha and G. pentaphyllum in the atherosclerosis-induced rat model. Methods: Rats were administered with the extract mixture of C. chrysantha and G. pentaphyllum daily (7 and 14 g/kg/day) for 8 weeks upon the start of the study while they were simultaneously put on an atherosclerosis-induced diet. Blood samples were taken to examine the blood lipid indicators of the rats in the beginning, after 4 and 8 weeks of the study, respectively. After 8 weeks of treatment, the rats’ livers were removed to assess their overall health and the atherosclerosis patterns of their abdominal arteries. Results: The mixture of leaf extracts of C. chrysantha and G. pentaphyllum in the doses of 7 and 14 g/kg/day reduced blood lipid indices, including triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels and the atherogenic index (AI). Furthermore, this mixture also increased the levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in the blood, decreased the incidence of liver fat, and prevented the development of atherosclerotic lesions in the abdominal aorta in the rats. Conclusion: These results indicate that a mixture of C. chrysantha and G. pentaphyllum has a potential in preventing and treating atherosclerosis

Obesity, along with dyslipidemia and hyperglycemia, is a growing metabolic disorder linked to chronic diseases such as atherosclerosis, hypertension, and type 2 diabetes. This study evaluated the anti-obesity, lipid-lowering, and anti-hyperglycemic effects of CB-02 capsules containing dry extracts of Phyllanthus emblica L., Dendrobium officinale, and Gynostemma pentaphyllum in HFD-induced obese Swiss albino mice. After 12 weeks of HFD induction, mice were treated orally with CB-02 (576 or 1152 mg/kg/day) for 8 weeks. CB-02 significantly reduced BW gain, AC, Lee index, and the relative weights of visceral fat and major organs. It also improved lipid profiles by decreasing TC, TG, LDL-C, and non-HDL-C, while increasing HDL-C. These effects were comparable to orlistat (60 mg/kg/day). Furthermore, CB-02 lowered fasting glucose and improved insulin sensitivity, as indicated by an increased QUICKI and HOMA-β and reduced HOMA-IR. Histopathological evaluation showed that CB-02 reduced hepatic steatosis and inflammatory cell infiltration, as well as attenuated β-cell morphological alterations and pancreatic histopathological damage. These results suggest that CB-02 may be a promising therapeutic candidate for managing obesity and its comorbidities, including dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, and hepatic steatosis, contributing to the prevention of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases in obese individuals.

Mục tiêu: Đánh giá được tác dụng điều chỉnh rối loạn lipid máu ngoại sinh của cao khô me rừng (Phyllanthus emblica L.) trên chuột cống trắng. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Theo mô hình của Nassiri và cộng sự (2009), có cải tiến. Chuột cống trắng chủng Wistar được gây rối loạn lipid bằng hỗn hợp dầu cholesterol 10 ml/kg/24h. Chuột được phân ngẫu nhiên vào 5 lô, mỗi lô 10 con (n=10). Lô 1 uống nước cất 10 ml/kg; Lô 2 uống dầu cholesterol + nước cất 10 ml/kg sau 02 giờ; Lô 3 uống dầu cholesterol + thuốc thử 450 mg/kg sau 2 giờ; Lô 4 uống dầu cholesterol + thuốc thử 900 mg/kg sau 2 giờ; Lô 5 uống dầu cholesterol + atorvastatin 10 mg/kg sau 2 giờ. Chỉ tiêu đánh giá: triglycerid (TG), cholesterol toàn phần, HDL-C, LDL-C tại các thời điểm 0, 14 và 28 ngày. Kết quả: Tất cả các lô gây rối loạn lipid bằng dầu cholesterol 10 ml/kg/24h đều gây tăng chỉ số TG, cholesterol toàn phần, LDL-C. Các lô 3, 4, 5 có tác dụng làm giảm các chỉ số TG, cholesterol toàn phần, LDL-C; làm tăng HDL-C trong máu so với lô 2 tại thời điểm 14 và 28 ngày, sự thay đổi có ý nghĩa thống kê với p < 0,05. Kết luận: Cao khô me rừng (Phyllanthus emblica L.) liều 450 mg/kg/24h và liều 900 mg/kg/24h có tác dụng tốt trong điều trị rối loạn lipid máu, tương đương với thuốc tham chiếu Atorvastatin liều 10mg/kg/24h.

Glucopento decoction, a traditional Vietnamese medicine (VTM) formula, is composed of Gymnema sylvestre, Scrophularia nodosa, Physalis angulata, Gymnanthemum amygdalinum, and Oroxylum indicum, and has long been used as supportive therapy for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), though its active constituents have remain unclear. This study performs, an ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC–QTOF-MS/MS) method for both positive and negative ion modes was established to investigate the major constituents in Glucopento decoction. Purospher® STAR RP-18 (150 mm x 4,6 mm, 3 µm) column was employed for chromatographic separation, with acetonitrile and 0.1% aqueous formic acid (v/v) as the mobile phase. A total of twenty-seven compounds, including flavonoids and their glycosides, coumarins, triterpenoid saponins, iridoid and phenylethanoid glycosides, withanolides/physalins, terpenoids, and alkaloids, were tentatively characterized based on accurate mass measurement and MS/MS fragmentation behavior. Furthermore literature mining further indicated that more than half of these constituents possess documented antidiabetic or hypoglycemic activities in vitro and in vivo. These results provide a comprehensive phytochemical profile of Glucopento decoction, offering a basis for elucidating its pharmacological mechanisms and supporting its further development as a safe adjunct therapy against type 2 diabetes.

Background/Objectives: This study evaluated the hemostatic efficacy of a chitosan-based field hemostatic sponge (FHS), the first hemostatic product of this type manufactured in Vietnam, across bleeding models of varying injury severity under both normal physiological conditions and after aspirin administration. Methods: An in vivo experimental study was conducted using two models: (1) a rabbit ear incision model in New Zealand White rabbits and (2) a femoral artery puncture model in Wistar rats and New Zealand White rabbits. Animals were randomly allocated to six groups: medical gauze (control), FHS, Axiostat^® (reference material), and three corresponding aspirin-treated groups (n = 10 per group for non-aspirin conditions; n = 6 per group for aspirin-treated rabbits; n = 10 per group for aspirin-treated rats). Primary outcomes were time to hemostasis (seconds) and blood loss (mg). Results: In the rabbit ear incision model, FHS reduced time to hemostasis by 57.6% and blood loss by 69.9% compared with medical gauze (p < 0.001). In the femoral artery puncture model, reductions were 62–65% and 75–76% (p < 0.001). Under aspirin treatment, FHS maintained significant hemostatic advantages over gauze (55–66% reduction in time to hemostasis and 69–76% reduction in blood loss; p < 0.01). No significant difference was observed between FHS and Axiostat^® in any condition (p > 0.05). Conclusions: FHS demonstrated potent and consistent hemostatic efficacy across multiple injury severities and animal species; the hemostatic efficacy of FHS was maintained after aspirin administration, indicating that the material’s efficacy is not entirely dependent on platelet function. These findings support its potential clinical application in hemorrhage control, including in patients with coagulation disorders or receiving antiplatelet therapy.