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Libo Pan
Ecological Department, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China

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Journal article
Published: 22 March 2021 in Minerals
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Acid mine drainage (AMD) from abandoned coal mines can lead to serious environmental problems due to its low pH and high concentrations of potentially toxic elements. In this study, soil pH, sulfur (S) content, and arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), and mercury (Hg) concentrations were measured in 27 surface soil samples from areas in which coal-mining activities ceased nine years previously in Youyu Catchment, Guizhou Province, China. The soil was acidic, with a mean pH of 5.28. Cadmium was the only element with a mean concentration higher than the national soil quality standard. As, Cd, Cu, Ni, Zn, Mn, Cr, and Fe concentrations were all higher than the background values in Guizhou Province. This was especially true for the Cd, Cu, and Fe concentrations, which were 1.69, 1.95, and 12.18 times their respective background values. The geoaccumulation index of Cd and Fe was present at unpolluted to moderately polluted and heavily polluted levels, respectively, indicating higher pollution levels than for the other elements in the study area. Spatially, significantly high Fe and S concentrations, as well as extremely low pH values, were found in the soils of the AMD sites; however, sites where tributaries merged with the Youyu River (TM) had the highest Cd pollution level. Iron originated mainly from non-point sources (e.g., AMD and coal gangues), while AMD and agricultural activity were the predominant sources of Cd. The results of an eco-risk assessment indicated that Cd levels presented a moderate potential ecological risk, while the other elements all posed a low risk. For the TM sites, the highest eco-risk was for Cd, with levels that could be harmful for aquatic organisms in the wet season, and may endanger human health via the food chain.

ACS Style

Libo Pan; Xiao Guan; Bo Liu; Yanjun Chen; Ying Pei; Jun Pan; Yi Zhang; Zhenzhen Hao. Pollution Characteristics, Distribution and Ecological Risk of Potentially Toxic Elements in Soils from an Abandoned Coal Mine Area in Southwestern China. Minerals 2021, 11, 330 .

AMA Style

Libo Pan, Xiao Guan, Bo Liu, Yanjun Chen, Ying Pei, Jun Pan, Yi Zhang, Zhenzhen Hao. Pollution Characteristics, Distribution and Ecological Risk of Potentially Toxic Elements in Soils from an Abandoned Coal Mine Area in Southwestern China. Minerals. 2021; 11 (3):330.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Libo Pan; Xiao Guan; Bo Liu; Yanjun Chen; Ying Pei; Jun Pan; Yi Zhang; Zhenzhen Hao. 2021. "Pollution Characteristics, Distribution and Ecological Risk of Potentially Toxic Elements in Soils from an Abandoned Coal Mine Area in Southwestern China." Minerals 11, no. 3: 330.

Journal article
Published: 10 December 2020 in Sustainability
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Plant communities and their environments are a vital part of synecology research. In this study, we investigated the characteristics of three typical medicinal perennial herbs, Glycyrrhiza uralensis, Rheum altaicum, and Ferula sinkiangensis, and examined their response to local soil properties in Altay Prefecture, China. A total of 29 species belonging to 15 families and 25 genera were recorded. In terms of the target medicinal plants, the importance value was low and community structures were exceedingly simple. Quantitative classification based on WARD cluster analysis suggested that each medicinal plant can be classified into one of three types: annual herbaceous, perennial herbaceous, and subshrub or shrub. Interestingly, the plants gradually transformed from exhibiting nonresistance to xerophytes or halophytes. An investigation of the soil properties beneath the medicinal plants showed that nutrients in black soil were much more abundant than those in sandy and saline soil. Except for leaching phenomenon, the nutrient contents in the soil surface layer (0–10 cm) were higher than those in deep layers (10–20 cm and 20–40 cm), and to some extent, the nutrient contents were inversely proportional to the depth of the soil. The redundancy analysis (RDA) results of the medicinal plants and their relationship with soil properties indicated that the main soil variables impacting the distribution of G. uralensis were available potassium (AK), aspect (ASP), soil moisture (SM), total nitrogen (TN), and total phosphorus (TP); SM, electric conductivity (EC), elevation (ELE), ASP, pH value (pH), available nitrogen (AN), soil organic content (SOC), and the carbon/nitrogen (C/N) ratio had positive effects on the distribution of R. altaicum. F. sinkiangensis grew better in habitats with high contents of SM, EC, TN, AN, available phosphorus (AP), total potassium (TK), and AK. This study aimed at providing effective suggestions for artificial cultivation, conservation, and resilience of Chinese medicinal plants.

ACS Style

Tao Lang; Libo Pan; Bo Liu; Tong Guo; Xikang Hou. Vegetation Characteristics and Response to the Soil Properties of Three Medicinal Plant Communities in Altay Prefecture, China. Sustainability 2020, 12, 10306 .

AMA Style

Tao Lang, Libo Pan, Bo Liu, Tong Guo, Xikang Hou. Vegetation Characteristics and Response to the Soil Properties of Three Medicinal Plant Communities in Altay Prefecture, China. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (24):10306.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Tao Lang; Libo Pan; Bo Liu; Tong Guo; Xikang Hou. 2020. "Vegetation Characteristics and Response to the Soil Properties of Three Medicinal Plant Communities in Altay Prefecture, China." Sustainability 12, no. 24: 10306.

Journal article
Published: 25 October 2018 in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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This study focused on the Chao River and Baimaguan River located upstream of the Miyun Reservoir in Miyun District (Beijing, China). Soil and sediment samples were collected from the river and drainage basin. Total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and six potentially toxic elements including cadmium, zinc, lead, chromium, arsenic, and copper, were analyzed in terms of concentration, potential ecological risk, and human health risk. The average concentrations of the six potentially toxic elements were all below the soil environmental quality standards for China. Cadmium was the most serious pollutant in both soils and sediments, at 2.58 and 3.40 times its background values. The contents of Cd and Pb were very closely related (p < 0.01) to total nitrogen concentrations in both soil and sediment samples. The potential ecological risks posed by Cd in the Chao and Baimaguan River soils were considerable and moderate, respectively. The historical iron ore mining and agricultural activity were identified as the primary sources of potentially toxic element pollution of soil and sediment in the Chao-Bai River in Miyun District. Human health risk assessment indicated that non-carcinogenic risks all fell below threshold values. The total carcinogenic risks due to Cr and As were within the acceptable range for both adults and children. This conclusion provides a scientific basis for the control of potentially toxic element pollution and environmental protection of the Miyun Reservoir in Beijing.

ACS Style

Libo Pan; Guangling Fang; Yue Wang; Lei Wang; Benying Su; Dan Li; Bao Xiang. Potentially Toxic Element Pollution Levels and Risk Assessment of Soils and Sediments in the Upstream River, Miyun Reservoir, China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2018, 15, 2364 .

AMA Style

Libo Pan, Guangling Fang, Yue Wang, Lei Wang, Benying Su, Dan Li, Bao Xiang. Potentially Toxic Element Pollution Levels and Risk Assessment of Soils and Sediments in the Upstream River, Miyun Reservoir, China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2018; 15 (11):2364.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Libo Pan; Guangling Fang; Yue Wang; Lei Wang; Benying Su; Dan Li; Bao Xiang. 2018. "Potentially Toxic Element Pollution Levels and Risk Assessment of Soils and Sediments in the Upstream River, Miyun Reservoir, China." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 15, no. 11: 2364.