Today, the complexity of urban systems combined with existing and emerging threats constrains administrations to consider smart technologies and related huge amounts of data generated as a means to take timely and informed decisions. The smart city needs to be prepared for both expected and unexpected situations, and the possibility to mitigate the effect of the uncertainty behind the causes of disruptions through the analysis of all the possible data generated by the city open new possibility for resilience operationalization. This article aims at introducing a new conceptualization for resilience and presenting an innovative full stack solution to exploit Internet of Everything (IoE) and big multimedia data in smart cities to manage resilience of urban transport systems (UTS), which is one of the most critical infrastructures of the city. The approach is based on a novel data driven approach to resilience engineering and functional resonance analysis method (FRAM), to understand and model an UTS in the context of smart cities and to support evidence driven decision making. The paper proposes an architecture taking into account: (a) different kinds of available data generated in the smart city, (b) big data collection and semantic aggregation and enrichment; (c) data sense-making process composed by analytics of different data sources like social media, communication networks, IoT, user behavior; (d) tools for knowledge driven decisions able to combine different information generated by analytics, experience, and structural information of the city into a comprehensive and evidence driven decision model. The solution has been applied in Florence metropolitan city in the context of RESOLUTE H2020 research project of the European Commission.

Smart City solutions, initially started with open data, are evolving towards data aggregation and semantics. Recently, some of them are also offering IOT support. The combination of IOT and smart city is not an easy task, the data volumes are much higher than those addressed for industrial IOT. The complexity of IOT smart city solutions have been identified by a number of actors. The European commission started set up the EIP project for stimulating and concerting actions. The Select4Cities project of the European Commission and associated community http://www.select4cities.eu/ created a challenge to find research solutions satisfying a formalized set of functional and nonfunctional requirements. Snap4City presented in this paper is one of the solutions developed in response to that challenge. The solution proposed is capable to develop in few steps sophisticated IOT applications that can control city dashboards as well as IOT mobile applications. Moreover, a number of development and monitoring tools have been developed. Among them, in this paper, a special attention is given to the tools and solutions for monitoring communication performance and to perform the assessment of scalability of the IOT smart city infrastructure.

Smart Cities are approaching the Internet of Things (IoT) World. Most of the first-generation Smart City solutions are based on Extract Transform Load (ETL); processes and languages that mainly support pull protocols for data gathering. IoT solutions are moving forward to event-driven processes using push protocols. Thus, the concept of IoT applications has turned out to be widespread; but it was initially “implemented” with ETL; rule-based solutions; and finally; with true data flows. In this paper, these aspects are reviewed, highlighting the requirements for smart city IoT applications and in particular, the ones that implement a set of specific MicroServices for IoT Applications in Smart City contexts. Moreover; our experience has allowed us to implement a suite of MicroServices for Node-RED; which has allowed for the creation of a wide range of new IoT applications for smart cities that includes dashboards, IoT Devices, data analytics, discovery, etc., as well as a corresponding Life Cycle. The proposed solution has been validated against a large number of IoT applications, as it can be verified by accessing the https://www.Snap4City.org portal; while only three of them have been described in the paper. In addition, the reported solution assessment has been carried out by a number of smart city experts. The work has been developed in the framework of the Select4Cities PCP (PreCommercial Procurement), funded by the European Commission as Snap4City platform.

Smart city architectures have to take into account a large number of requirements related to the large number of data, different sources, the need of reconciliating them in a unique model, the identification of relationships, and the enabling of data analytics processes. Ingested data, static and realtime, must be stored, aggregated and integrated to provide support for data analytics, dashboard, making decision, and thus for providing services for the city. This means: i) compatibility with multiple protocols; ii) handle open and private data; iii) work with IOT/sensors/internet of everything; iv) perform predictions, behavior analysis and develop decision support systems; v) use a set of dashboards to make a real-time monitoring of the city; vi) consider system's security aspects: robustness, scalability, modularity, interoperability, etc. This approach is determinant to: monitor the city status; connect the different events that occur in the smart city; provide support for public administrators, police department, civil protection, hospitals, etc., to put in action city/region strategies and guidelines and obviously directly to the citizens. In the paper, we focus on data ingestion and aggregation aspects, putting in evidence problems and solutions. The solution proposed has been developed and applied in the context of the Sii-Mobility national smart city project on mobility and transport integrated with services. Sii-Mobility is grounded on Km4City ontology and tools for smart city data aggregation and service production.