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Albaraa ElSaied
Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11884, Egypt

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Review
Published: 07 May 2021 in Plants
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Endophytic bacteria colonize plants and live inside them for part of or throughout their life without causing any harm or disease to their hosts. The symbiotic relationship improves the physiology, fitness, and metabolite profile of the plants, while the plants provide food and shelter for the bacteria. The bacteria-induced alterations of the plants offer many possibilities for biotechnological, medicinal, and agricultural applications. The endophytes promote plant growth and fitness through the production of phytohormones or biofertilizers, or by alleviating abiotic and biotic stress tolerance. Strengthening of the plant immune system and suppression of disease are associated with the production of novel antibiotics, secondary metabolites, siderophores, and fertilizers such as nitrogenous or other industrially interesting chemical compounds. Endophytic bacteria can be used for phytoremediation of environmental pollutants or the control of fungal diseases by the production of lytic enzymes such as chitinases and cellulases, and their huge host range allows a broad spectrum of applications to agriculturally and pharmaceutically interesting plant species. More recently, endophytic bacteria have also been used to produce nanoparticles for medical and industrial applications. This review highlights the biotechnological possibilities for bacterial endophyte applications and proposes future goals for their application.

ACS Style

Ahmed Eid; Amr Fouda; Mohamed Abdel-Rahman; Salem Salem; Albaraa Elsaied; Ralf Oelmüller; Mohamed Hijri; Arnab Bhowmik; Amr Elkelish; Saad Hassan. Harnessing Bacterial Endophytes for Promotion of Plant Growth and Biotechnological Applications: An Overview. Plants 2021, 10, 935 .

AMA Style

Ahmed Eid, Amr Fouda, Mohamed Abdel-Rahman, Salem Salem, Albaraa Elsaied, Ralf Oelmüller, Mohamed Hijri, Arnab Bhowmik, Amr Elkelish, Saad Hassan. Harnessing Bacterial Endophytes for Promotion of Plant Growth and Biotechnological Applications: An Overview. Plants. 2021; 10 (5):935.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ahmed Eid; Amr Fouda; Mohamed Abdel-Rahman; Salem Salem; Albaraa Elsaied; Ralf Oelmüller; Mohamed Hijri; Arnab Bhowmik; Amr Elkelish; Saad Hassan. 2021. "Harnessing Bacterial Endophytes for Promotion of Plant Growth and Biotechnological Applications: An Overview." Plants 10, no. 5: 935.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2021 in Plants
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In this study, 15 bacterial endophytes linked with the leaves of the native medicinal plant Pulicaria incisa were isolated and identified as Agrobacterium fabrum, Acinetobacter radioresistant, Brevibacillus brevis, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis, Paenibacillus barengoltzii, and Burkholderia cepacia. These isolates exhibited variant tolerances to salt stress and showed high efficacy in indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) production in the absence/presence of tryptophan. The maximum productivity of IAA was recorded for B. cereus BI-8 and B. subtilis BI-10 with values of 117 ± 6 and 108 ± 4.6 μg mL−1, respectively, in the presence of 5 mg mL−1 tryptophan after 10 days. These two isolates had a high potential in phosphate solubilization and ammonia production, and they showed enzymatic activities for amylase, protease, xylanase, cellulase, chitinase, and catalase. In vitro antagonistic investigation showed their high efficacy against the three phytopathogens Fusarium oxysporum, Alternaria alternata, and Pythium ultimum, with inhibition percentages ranging from 20% ± 0.2% to 52.6% ± 0.2% (p ≤ 0.05). Therefore, these two endophytic bacteria were used as bio-inoculants for maize seeds, and the results showed that bacterial inoculations significantly increased the root length as well as the fresh and dry weights of the roots compared to the control plants. The Zea mays plant inoculated with the two endophytic strains BI-8 and BI-10 significantly improved (p ≤ 0.05) the growth performance as well as the nutrient uptake compared with an un-inoculated plant.

ACS Style

Amr Fouda; Ahmed M. Eid; Albaraa Elsaied; Ehab F. El-Belely; Mohammed G. Barghoth; Ehab Azab; Adil A. Gobouri; Saad El-Din Hassan. Plant Growth-Promoting Endophytic Bacterial Community Inhabiting the Leaves of Pulicaria incisa (Lam.) DC Inherent to Arid Regions. Plants 2021, 10, 76 .

AMA Style

Amr Fouda, Ahmed M. Eid, Albaraa Elsaied, Ehab F. El-Belely, Mohammed G. Barghoth, Ehab Azab, Adil A. Gobouri, Saad El-Din Hassan. Plant Growth-Promoting Endophytic Bacterial Community Inhabiting the Leaves of Pulicaria incisa (Lam.) DC Inherent to Arid Regions. Plants. 2021; 10 (1):76.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Amr Fouda; Ahmed M. Eid; Albaraa Elsaied; Ehab F. El-Belely; Mohammed G. Barghoth; Ehab Azab; Adil A. Gobouri; Saad El-Din Hassan. 2021. "Plant Growth-Promoting Endophytic Bacterial Community Inhabiting the Leaves of Pulicaria incisa (Lam.) DC Inherent to Arid Regions." Plants 10, no. 1: 76.

Original article
Published: 01 December 2018 in Taeckholmia
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ACS Style

Albaraa Elsaied; Ramadan Bdair. Evaluation of Changes in Weed Flora in Response to Agricultural Practices in the Arable Lands of El-Menoufia Governorate, Nile Delta, Egypt. Taeckholmia 2018, 38, 152 -167.

AMA Style

Albaraa Elsaied, Ramadan Bdair. Evaluation of Changes in Weed Flora in Response to Agricultural Practices in the Arable Lands of El-Menoufia Governorate, Nile Delta, Egypt. Taeckholmia. 2018; 38 (1):152-167.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Albaraa Elsaied; Ramadan Bdair. 2018. "Evaluation of Changes in Weed Flora in Response to Agricultural Practices in the Arable Lands of El-Menoufia Governorate, Nile Delta, Egypt." Taeckholmia 38, no. 1: 152-167.

Journal article
Published: 01 December 2015 in Annals of Agricultural Sciences
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The rapid development and expansion of modern irrigation schemes across arid environments have radically transformed both natural environments and existing agricultural systems over the past century. The consequences for natural and cultural values are often severe, but remain poorly documented for many regions. The present study describes the floristic diversity of an Oasis agro-ecosystem located in Egypt’s hyper-arid Western Desert. A total of 132 sites were chosen to represent the flora of Siwa Oasis agro-ecosystem and 154 species were recorded of which 52 were cultivated. Non-cultivated taxa consisted predominately of therophytes whereby the flora of Siwa is represented by monoregional, biregional and pluriregional elements as well as some cosmopolitan species. During field survey, 55 species were recorded for the first time suggesting the recent introduction of new weeds. Based on previous studies, 36 wetland and orchard species may have become locally extinct due to loss of habitat and extensive transformation of the Oasis agro-ecosystem. Although Siwa does not support any endemic species, this study documents a unique and complex agro-ecosystem shaped by natural and human agents over millennia. Descriptive floristic studies such as presented here are important records during a time of continuing and increasing change throughout arid regions of the world.

ACS Style

Albaraa Elsaied; Abass El-Ghamry; Om-Mohammed A. Khafagi; Owen Powell; Ramadan Bedair. Floristic diversity and vegetation analysis of Siwa Oasis: An ancient agro-ecosystem in Egypt’s Western Desert. Annals of Agricultural Sciences 2015, 60, 361 -372.

AMA Style

Albaraa Elsaied, Abass El-Ghamry, Om-Mohammed A. Khafagi, Owen Powell, Ramadan Bedair. Floristic diversity and vegetation analysis of Siwa Oasis: An ancient agro-ecosystem in Egypt’s Western Desert. Annals of Agricultural Sciences. 2015; 60 (2):361-372.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Albaraa Elsaied; Abass El-Ghamry; Om-Mohammed A. Khafagi; Owen Powell; Ramadan Bedair. 2015. "Floristic diversity and vegetation analysis of Siwa Oasis: An ancient agro-ecosystem in Egypt’s Western Desert." Annals of Agricultural Sciences 60, no. 2: 361-372.

Journal article
Published: 01 June 2015 in Annals of Agricultural Sciences
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Manually-constructed keys to many groups of the Egyptian flora are in urgent need of improvement and updating. To construct a conventional substitute of the key to representatives of the Boraginaceae, a data matrix was compiled to accommodate 54 characters recorded comparatively for the 49 species belonging to 14 genera which represent this family in the flora of Egypt. The 54 characters were accurately and lucidly defined to cover as much of the easily observable aspects of vegetative and floral variation in the plants as possible. The data matrix was analyzed using the key-generating package of programs DELTA. The analysis produced a conventional key with a detailed description of every species in terms of the 54 characters. The key is decidedly a marked improvement over its predecessors in that it is strictly comparative and leads directly to the full scientific name of any taxon, instead of having to use a key to the genera followed by a second key to the infra-generic taxa

ACS Style

Abel El-Gazzar; Abbas El-Ghamery; Albaraa Elsaied; Adel H. Khattab; Alaa A. El-Kady. Computer-generated keys to the flora of Egypt. 6. The Boraginaceae. Annals of Agricultural Sciences 2015, 60, 67 -85.

AMA Style

Abel El-Gazzar, Abbas El-Ghamery, Albaraa Elsaied, Adel H. Khattab, Alaa A. El-Kady. Computer-generated keys to the flora of Egypt. 6. The Boraginaceae. Annals of Agricultural Sciences. 2015; 60 (1):67-85.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Abel El-Gazzar; Abbas El-Ghamery; Albaraa Elsaied; Adel H. Khattab; Alaa A. El-Kady. 2015. "Computer-generated keys to the flora of Egypt. 6. The Boraginaceae." Annals of Agricultural Sciences 60, no. 1: 67-85.