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Mr. Muhammad Moaaz Ali
College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University

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0 Fruit And Vegetable Quality
0 Postharvest Physiology
0 Fruit devolepment and ripening
0 biochemestry, genetics and molecular biology
0 postharvest biology

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Journal article
Published: 20 August 2021 in Biology
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Amino acids are important component of fruit nutrition and quality. In this study, three longan cultivars, including non-aroma types ‘Shixia’ (SX), ‘Lidongben’ (LDB), and strong aroma type ‘Xiangcui’ (XC), were selected to analyze free amino acids (FAAs) variations at six distinct growth stages (S1–S6). The genome-wide identification and expression analysis of genes related to the branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) synthesis pathway were carried out. Results showed that 36 FAAs were identified, and the total FAAs content ranged from 2601.0 to 9073.5 mg/kg, which increased drastically with fruit development until ripening. L-glutamic acid (Glu), L-alanine (Ala), L-arginine (Arg), γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA), L-aspartic acid (Asp), L-leucine (Leu), hydroxyl-proline (Hypro), and L-serine (Ser) were the predominant FAAs (1619.9–7213.9 mg/kg) in pulp, accounting for 62.28–92.05% of the total amino acids. During the period of rapid fruit expansion (S2–S4), the aroma of XC changed from light to strong, and the contents of L-alanine (Ala) and L-leucine (Leu) were significantly higher than those of SX and LDB. Furthermore, a total of two 2-isopropyl malate synthase (IPMS), two 3-isopropyl malate dehydrogenase (IPMD), and 16 BCAA transferase (BCAT) genes were identified. The expression levels of DilBCAT1, -6, and -9 genes in XC were significantly higher than those in SX and LDB, while DilBCAT16 in XC was lower. The content of Leu was negatively correlated with the expression of DilBCAT1, -6, and -9 in three varieties, but positively correlated with DilBCAT16, indicating that these four genes may be responsible for the different synthesis and degradation of Leu among cultivars.

ACS Style

Wenshun Hu; Baiyu Wang; Muhammad Moaaz Ali; Xiuping Chen; Jisen Zhang; Shaoquan Zheng; Faxing Chen. Free Amino Acids Profile and Expression Analysis of Core Genes Involved in Branched-Chain Amino Acids Metabolism during Fruit Development of Longan (Dimocarpus longan Lour.) Cultivars with Different Aroma Types. Biology 2021, 10, 807 .

AMA Style

Wenshun Hu, Baiyu Wang, Muhammad Moaaz Ali, Xiuping Chen, Jisen Zhang, Shaoquan Zheng, Faxing Chen. Free Amino Acids Profile and Expression Analysis of Core Genes Involved in Branched-Chain Amino Acids Metabolism during Fruit Development of Longan (Dimocarpus longan Lour.) Cultivars with Different Aroma Types. Biology. 2021; 10 (8):807.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Wenshun Hu; Baiyu Wang; Muhammad Moaaz Ali; Xiuping Chen; Jisen Zhang; Shaoquan Zheng; Faxing Chen. 2021. "Free Amino Acids Profile and Expression Analysis of Core Genes Involved in Branched-Chain Amino Acids Metabolism during Fruit Development of Longan (Dimocarpus longan Lour.) Cultivars with Different Aroma Types." Biology 10, no. 8: 807.

Article
Published: 21 June 2021 in Journal of Plant Growth Regulation
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Foliar application of mineral nutrients, proteins, and plant growth regulators is frequently practiced on strawberries for better yield and extended harvest period. Here, we evaluated the influence of 24-epibrassinolide, a brassinosteroid, on strawberry plant growth, yield, and fruit quality. Healthy strawberry plants were foliar sprayed with 1, 2 and 3 µM 24-epibrassinolide after 100, 115, and 130 days of runner transplantation. Foliar application of 24-epibrassinolide enhanced specific leaf area and root-to-shoot ratio in concentration-dependent manner. Though, root weight ratio and leaf area ratio were also positively influenced with 24-epibrassinolide applications, but plants treated with 2 µM 24-epibrassinolide exhibited maximum response. Overall, better vegetative growth of plants exogenously treated with 3 µM 24-epibrassinolide led to threefold increase in flowering and better fruit harvest index than control plants. Principal component analysis was further employed to delineate concentration-dependent effects of 24-epibrassinolide. Though, foliar application of 1 µM 24-epibrassinolide was positively correlated with fruit pH and 2 µM 24-epibrassinolide application had a promotive impact on leaf area, plant dry weight, and fruit sugars but foliar spray of 3 µM 24-epibrassinolide was most influential in inducing plant vegetative growth (leaf area ratio, specific leaf area, root-to-shoot ratio, root weight ratio and shoot weight ratio), yield (flowers and fruits per plant and harvest index), and quality attributes (sugar–acid ratio, ascorbic acid, and organoleptic characteristics) of strawberry fruits. Conclusively, results suggest that foliar application of 3 µM 24-epibrassinolide favours vegetative growth, enhances yield and improves quality of strawberry fruit.

ACS Style

Muhammad Moaaz Ali; Raheel Anwar; Aman Ullah Malik; Ahmad Sattar Khan; Saeed Ahmad; Zahoor Hussain; Mahmood Ul Hasan; Mudassar Nasir; Faxing Chen. Plant Growth and Fruit Quality Response of Strawberry is Improved After Exogenous Application of 24-Epibrassinolide. Journal of Plant Growth Regulation 2021, 1 -14.

AMA Style

Muhammad Moaaz Ali, Raheel Anwar, Aman Ullah Malik, Ahmad Sattar Khan, Saeed Ahmad, Zahoor Hussain, Mahmood Ul Hasan, Mudassar Nasir, Faxing Chen. Plant Growth and Fruit Quality Response of Strawberry is Improved After Exogenous Application of 24-Epibrassinolide. Journal of Plant Growth Regulation. 2021; ():1-14.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Muhammad Moaaz Ali; Raheel Anwar; Aman Ullah Malik; Ahmad Sattar Khan; Saeed Ahmad; Zahoor Hussain; Mahmood Ul Hasan; Mudassar Nasir; Faxing Chen. 2021. "Plant Growth and Fruit Quality Response of Strawberry is Improved After Exogenous Application of 24-Epibrassinolide." Journal of Plant Growth Regulation , no. : 1-14.

Review
Published: 31 May 2021 in Tropical Plant Biology
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Environmental factors play critical role in determining growth and development of fruits. This phenomenon has been known for quite a while, and endeavors have been made worldwide to examine the connections and create relapse conditions and models to foresee plant profitability. These activities are continuing today, and some of the more recent efforts are presented in this review. This review provides comprehensive information on different climatic factors including light, temperature, humidity and atmospheric gases influencing physio-morphological characteristics of fruits.

ACS Style

Muhammad Moaaz Ali; Ahmed Fathy Yousef; Binqi Li; Faxing Chen. Effect of Environmental Factors on Growth and Development of Fruits. Tropical Plant Biology 2021, 1 -13.

AMA Style

Muhammad Moaaz Ali, Ahmed Fathy Yousef, Binqi Li, Faxing Chen. Effect of Environmental Factors on Growth and Development of Fruits. Tropical Plant Biology. 2021; ():1-13.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Muhammad Moaaz Ali; Ahmed Fathy Yousef; Binqi Li; Faxing Chen. 2021. "Effect of Environmental Factors on Growth and Development of Fruits." Tropical Plant Biology , no. : 1-13.

Journal article
Published: 28 May 2021 in International Journal of Molecular Sciences
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Organic acids are key components that determine the taste and flavor of fruits and play a vital role in maintaining fruit quality and nutritive value. In this study, the fruits of two cultivars of passion fruit Yellow (Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa) and purple (Passiflora edulis f. edulis) were harvested at five different developmental stages (i.e., fruitlet, green, veraison, near-mature and mature stage) from an orchard located in subtropical region of Fujian Province, China. The contents of six organic acids were quantified using ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC), activities of citric acid related enzymes were determined, and expression levels of genes involved in citric acid metabolism were measured by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). The results revealed that citric acid was the predominant organic acid in both cultivars during fruit development. The highest citric acid contents were observed in both cultivars at green stage, which were reduced with fruit maturity. Correlation analysis showed that citrate synthase (CS), cytosolic aconitase (Cyt-ACO) and cytosolic isocitrate dehydrogenase (Cyt-IDH) may be involved in regulating citric acid biosynthesis. Meanwhile, the PeCS2, PeACO4, PeACO5 and PeIDH1 genes may play an important role in regulating the accumulation of citric acid. This study provides new insights for future elucidation of key mechanisms regulating organic acid biosynthesis in passion fruit.

ACS Style

Xiaoxue Zhang; Xiaoxia Wei; Muhammad Ali; Hafiz Rizwan; Binqi Li; Han Li; Kaijie Jia; Xuelian Yang; Songfeng Ma; Shaojia Li; Faxing Chen. Changes in the Content of Organic Acids and Expression Analysis of Citric Acid Accumulation-Related Genes during Fruit Development of Yellow (Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa) and Purple (Passiflora edulis f. edulis) Passion Fruits. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2021, 22, 5765 .

AMA Style

Xiaoxue Zhang, Xiaoxia Wei, Muhammad Ali, Hafiz Rizwan, Binqi Li, Han Li, Kaijie Jia, Xuelian Yang, Songfeng Ma, Shaojia Li, Faxing Chen. Changes in the Content of Organic Acids and Expression Analysis of Citric Acid Accumulation-Related Genes during Fruit Development of Yellow (Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa) and Purple (Passiflora edulis f. edulis) Passion Fruits. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2021; 22 (11):5765.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Xiaoxue Zhang; Xiaoxia Wei; Muhammad Ali; Hafiz Rizwan; Binqi Li; Han Li; Kaijie Jia; Xuelian Yang; Songfeng Ma; Shaojia Li; Faxing Chen. 2021. "Changes in the Content of Organic Acids and Expression Analysis of Citric Acid Accumulation-Related Genes during Fruit Development of Yellow (Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa) and Purple (Passiflora edulis f. edulis) Passion Fruits." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 11: 5765.

Journal article
Published: 10 May 2021 in Scientific Reports
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It is already known that there are many factors responsible for the successful formation of a graft union. However, the role of light has been little studied. In an anatomical study, Scanning Electronic Microscope (SEM) was used to explore the effects of different light-emitting diodes (LEDs) on graft union formation in grafted tomato. In addition, the expression genes related to Auxin hormone signaling pathway (SAUR67, AUX1, ARF30, and LAX3) was investigated. The obtained results showed that the concrescence process occurred faster under R7:B3 light conditions, as compared to blue (B) and white fluorescent (WFL) lights. Red light application caused a delay in the vascular tissue differentiation, which may lead to callus development on both sides, causing junctional failure and resulting in ineffective graft junctional arrangement. The expression of genes related to Auxin hormone significantly increased by R7:B3 application. We suggest that LED spectra affects the graft development of tomato plants and can improve the performance of grafted tomato seedlings.

ACS Style

Ahmed Fathy Yousef; Muhammad Moaaz Ali; Hafiz Muhammad Rizwan; Ahmed Gomaa Gad; Dangdi Liang; Li Binqi; Hazem M. Kalaji; Jacek Wróbel; Yong Xu; Faxing Chen. Light quality and quantity affect graft union formation of tomato plants. Scientific Reports 2021, 11, 1 -11.

AMA Style

Ahmed Fathy Yousef, Muhammad Moaaz Ali, Hafiz Muhammad Rizwan, Ahmed Gomaa Gad, Dangdi Liang, Li Binqi, Hazem M. Kalaji, Jacek Wróbel, Yong Xu, Faxing Chen. Light quality and quantity affect graft union formation of tomato plants. Scientific Reports. 2021; 11 (1):1-11.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ahmed Fathy Yousef; Muhammad Moaaz Ali; Hafiz Muhammad Rizwan; Ahmed Gomaa Gad; Dangdi Liang; Li Binqi; Hazem M. Kalaji; Jacek Wróbel; Yong Xu; Faxing Chen. 2021. "Light quality and quantity affect graft union formation of tomato plants." Scientific Reports 11, no. 1: 1-11.

Research article
Published: 07 May 2021 in PLOS ONE
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It is already known that there are many factors responsible for the successful grafting process in plants, including light intensity. However, the influence of the spectrum of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) on this process has almost never been tested. During the pre-grafting process tomato seedlings grew for 30 days under 100 μmol m-2 s-1 of mixed LEDs (red 70%+ blue 30%). During the post-grafting period, seedlings grew for 20 days under the same light intensity but the lightening source was either red LED, mixed LEDs (red 70% + blue 30%), blue LED or white fluorescent lamps. This was done to determine which light source(s) could better improve seedling quality and increase grafting success. Our results showed that application of red and blue light mixture (R7:B3) caused significant increase in total leaf area, dry weight (total, shoot and root), total chlorophyll/carotenoid ratio, soluble protein and sugar content. Moreover, this light treatment maintained better photosynthetic performance i.e. more effective quantum yield of PSII photochemistry Y(II), better photochemical quenching (qP), and higher electron transport rate (ETR). This can be partially explained by the observed upregulation of gene expression levels of PsaA and PsbA and the parallel protein expression levels. This in turn could lead to better functioning of the photosynthetic apparatus of tomato seedlings and then to faster production of photoassimilate ready to be translocated to various tissues and organs, including those most in need, i.e., involved in the formation of the graft union.

ACS Style

Ahmed F. Yousef; Muhammad M. Ali; Hafiz M. Rizwan; Mohamed A. A. Ahmed; Waleed M. Ali; Hazem M. Kalaji; Nabil Elsheery; Jacek Wróbel; Yong Xu; Faxing Chen. Effects of light spectrum on morpho-physiological traits of grafted tomato seedlings. PLOS ONE 2021, 16, e0250210 .

AMA Style

Ahmed F. Yousef, Muhammad M. Ali, Hafiz M. Rizwan, Mohamed A. A. Ahmed, Waleed M. Ali, Hazem M. Kalaji, Nabil Elsheery, Jacek Wróbel, Yong Xu, Faxing Chen. Effects of light spectrum on morpho-physiological traits of grafted tomato seedlings. PLOS ONE. 2021; 16 (5):e0250210.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ahmed F. Yousef; Muhammad M. Ali; Hafiz M. Rizwan; Mohamed A. A. Ahmed; Waleed M. Ali; Hazem M. Kalaji; Nabil Elsheery; Jacek Wróbel; Yong Xu; Faxing Chen. 2021. "Effects of light spectrum on morpho-physiological traits of grafted tomato seedlings." PLOS ONE 16, no. 5: e0250210.

Journal article
Published: 01 May 2021 in Agronomy
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This study was conducted to analyze the effect of molybdenum (Mo) on the level of macronutrients (Mg, K, Ca), micronutrients (Na, Zn, B, Mo, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu) and toxic elements (Cd, Sn, As, Cr, Hg, Pb) in leaves and fruit tissues (peel, pulp & seed) of loquat using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Fruits were obtained from a loquat orchard located in Fujian (Yun Xiao/Zhangzhou). Loquat leaves showed 3.99, 23.90, 57.68 and 9.79-fold increase in the concentrations of Mg, K, Ca and B as affected by exogenously applied Mo, while a significant (p ≤ 0.05) reduction was observed in Na, Mo, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Sn, As, Cr, Hg, and Pb contents. In fruit peel, Mo induced 1.05, 1.56, 2.26, 1.15, 1.39, 1.30 and 1.89-fold increase in Mg, K, Na, Zn, B, Co and Ni, respectively, and Mo, Mn, Fe, Cu, Cr, and Pb contents were reduced. Fruit pulp showed elevated contents of Na, B, Co, Ni, and Sn by 25.65, 26.57, 70.09, 12.33 and 0.99%, respectively, and decreased concentrations of Mg, K, Ca, Zn, Mo, Mn, Fe, Cu, Cd, and Cr. Similarly, in loquat seeds, under the influence of Mo application, levels of K, Na, Zn, Fe, and Cr were uplifted by 14.75, 41.54, 12.71, 536.47 and 656.27%, respectively, while Mg, Ca, Mn, Co, Cu, Sn, and Hg were reduced significantly (p ≤ 0.05). Overall, mineral concentrations detected in the leaves and fruit tissues of loquat were greatly influenced by the application of Mo. Although the concentration of Sn in fruit pulp was increased by the foliar application of Mo, the fruits were under safe limits for human consumption.

ACS Style

Muhammad Ali; Binqi Li; Cao Zhi; Ahmed Yousef; Faxing Chen. Foliar-Supplied Molybdenum Improves Phyto-Nutritional Composition of Leaves and Fruits of Loquat (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.). Agronomy 2021, 11, 892 .

AMA Style

Muhammad Ali, Binqi Li, Cao Zhi, Ahmed Yousef, Faxing Chen. Foliar-Supplied Molybdenum Improves Phyto-Nutritional Composition of Leaves and Fruits of Loquat (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.). Agronomy. 2021; 11 (5):892.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Muhammad Ali; Binqi Li; Cao Zhi; Ahmed Yousef; Faxing Chen. 2021. "Foliar-Supplied Molybdenum Improves Phyto-Nutritional Composition of Leaves and Fruits of Loquat (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.)." Agronomy 11, no. 5: 892.

Research article
Published: 15 April 2021 in PLOS ONE
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It is already known that the process of photosynthesis depends on the quality and intensity of light. However, the influence of the new light sources recently used in horticulture, known as Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs), on this process is not yet fully understood. Chlorophyll a fluorescence measurement has been widely used as a rapid, reliable, and noninvasive tool to study the efficiency of the photosystem II (PSII) and to evaluate plant responses to various environmental factors, including light intensity and quality. In this work, we tested the responses of the tomato photosynthetic apparatus to different light spectral qualities. Our results showed that the best performance of the photosynthetic apparatus was observed under a mixture of red and blue light (R7:B3) or a mixture of red, green and blue light (R3:G2:B5). This was demonstrated by the increase in the effective photochemical quantum yield of PSII (Y[II]), photochemical quenching (qP) and electron transport rate (ETR). On the other hand, the mixture of red and blue light with a high proportion of blue light led to an increase in non-photochemical quenching (NPQ). Our results can be used to improve the production of tomato plants under artificial light conditions. However, since we found that the responses of the photosynthetic apparatus of tomato plants to a particular light regime were cultivar-dependent and there was a weak correlation between the growth and photosynthetic parameters tested in this work, special attention should be paid in future research.

ACS Style

Ahmed F. Yousef; Muhammad M. Ali; Hafiz M. Rizwan; Shehu Abubakar Tadda; Hazem M. Kalaji; Hao Yang; Mohamed A. A. Ahmed; Jacek Wróbel; Yong Xu; Faxing Chen. Photosynthetic apparatus performance of tomato seedlings grown under various combinations of LED illumination. PLOS ONE 2021, 16, e0249373 .

AMA Style

Ahmed F. Yousef, Muhammad M. Ali, Hafiz M. Rizwan, Shehu Abubakar Tadda, Hazem M. Kalaji, Hao Yang, Mohamed A. A. Ahmed, Jacek Wróbel, Yong Xu, Faxing Chen. Photosynthetic apparatus performance of tomato seedlings grown under various combinations of LED illumination. PLOS ONE. 2021; 16 (4):e0249373.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ahmed F. Yousef; Muhammad M. Ali; Hafiz M. Rizwan; Shehu Abubakar Tadda; Hazem M. Kalaji; Hao Yang; Mohamed A. A. Ahmed; Jacek Wróbel; Yong Xu; Faxing Chen. 2021. "Photosynthetic apparatus performance of tomato seedlings grown under various combinations of LED illumination." PLOS ONE 16, no. 4: e0249373.

Journal article
Published: 31 March 2021 in Journal of Horticultural Science & Technology
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Spinach is a widely consumed leafy green vegetable, but it exhibits short storage life due to quick loss in moisture contents during postharvest period. The present study was aimed to evaluate the effect of blanching treatment and different types of packaging on spinach quality under cold storage conditions. Fresh spinach after treatment [T0 = control, T1 = blanching, T2 = modified atmosphere packaging (MAP-1, Xtend®), T3 = MAP-2 (Bio-fresh®) and T4 = perforated polyethylene (PE)] application was stored at 4±1 °C and 90±5 % RH for 20 days. Samples were analyzed at the time of harvest (0 day) and then after 3 days interval during storage. MAP treatments performed well and had a positive effect on spinach by maintaining its freshness and quality. Decay, ion leakage and weight loss were observed lower in spinach packed in MAP-1(Xtend®) followed by MAP-2 (Bio-Fresh®) and perforated PE packaging. MA packaging maintained higher ascorbic acid content, chlorophyll, and total antioxidants of spinach during storage. Nevertheless, spinach packed in perforated PE also displayed better results in maintaining quality as compared to control and blanched samples. The maximum weight loss, poor quality, minimum ascorbic acid content with lower consumer acceptability was recorded in control samples. Overall, MAP-1(Xtend®) could be used as a promising technology to maintain the quality of spinach up to 20 days of cold storage.

ACS Style

Waseem Siddique; Mahmood Ul Hasan; Muhammad Suliman Shah; Muhammad Moaaz Ali; Faisal Hayat; Asaad Mehmood. Impact of blanching and packaging materials on postharvest quality and storability of fresh spinach. Journal of Horticultural Science & Technology 2021, 7 -12.

AMA Style

Waseem Siddique, Mahmood Ul Hasan, Muhammad Suliman Shah, Muhammad Moaaz Ali, Faisal Hayat, Asaad Mehmood. Impact of blanching and packaging materials on postharvest quality and storability of fresh spinach. Journal of Horticultural Science & Technology. 2021; ():7-12.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Waseem Siddique; Mahmood Ul Hasan; Muhammad Suliman Shah; Muhammad Moaaz Ali; Faisal Hayat; Asaad Mehmood. 2021. "Impact of blanching and packaging materials on postharvest quality and storability of fresh spinach." Journal of Horticultural Science & Technology , no. : 7-12.

Review
Published: 13 February 2021 in Plants
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Fruit quality is certainly influenced by biotic and abiotic factors, and a main quality attribute is the external appearance of the fruit. Various possible agronomical approaches are able to regulate the fruit microenvironment and, consequently, improve fruit quality and market value. Among these, fruit bagging has recently become an integral part of fruits’ domestic and export markets in countries such as Japan, China, Korea Australia and the USA because it is a safe and eco-friendly technique to protect fruits from multiple stresses, preserving or improving the overall quality. Despite increasing global importance, the development of suitable bagging materials and, above all, their use in the field is quite laborious, so that serious efforts are required to enhance and standardize bagging material according to the need of the crops/fruits. This review provides information about the effects of bagging technique on the fruit aspect and texture, which are the main determinants of consumer choice.

ACS Style

Muhammad Ali; Raheel Anwar; Ahmed Yousef; Binqi Li; Andrea Luvisi; Luigi Bellis; Alessio Aprile; Faxing Chen. Influence of Bagging on the Development and Quality of Fruits. Plants 2021, 10, 358 .

AMA Style

Muhammad Ali, Raheel Anwar, Ahmed Yousef, Binqi Li, Andrea Luvisi, Luigi Bellis, Alessio Aprile, Faxing Chen. Influence of Bagging on the Development and Quality of Fruits. Plants. 2021; 10 (2):358.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Muhammad Ali; Raheel Anwar; Ahmed Yousef; Binqi Li; Andrea Luvisi; Luigi Bellis; Alessio Aprile; Faxing Chen. 2021. "Influence of Bagging on the Development and Quality of Fruits." Plants 10, no. 2: 358.

Journal article
Published: 05 February 2021 in Biology
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Copper (Cu) is an essential metal for plants. However, its excess in soil can adversely affect plant metabolism. The current study evaluated the effects of gibberellic acid (GA3) foliar applications on the performance of pea plants grown either in Cu-contaminated (Cu+) and non-contaminated (Cu−) soil. GA3 was sprayed (0, 10, 50, and 100 mg·L−1) on 15-days-old plants. The results showed that the increasing concentration of GA3 buffered the phytotoxic effects of Cu and enhanced plant growth, photosynthesis, and leaf chlorophyll content. Foliar-sprayed GA3 up to 100 mg·L−1 alleviated the oxidative stress, as inferred from the lower concentrations of MDA and H2O2 (33.3 µmol·g−1 and 182 µmol·g−1, respectively), and boosted the activity of superoxide dismutase (64.4 U·g−1·FW), peroxidase (122.7 U·g−1·FW), and catalase (226.3 U·g−1·FW). Interestingly, GA3 promoted Cu accumulation in different plant parts when compared to untreated plants, likely due to increased photosynthetic and transpiration rates. Overall, foliar application of GA3 promoted phytoextraction of Cu and alleviated the oxidative stress in pea plants grown in Cu+ soil.

ACS Style

Talha Javed; Muhammad Ali; Rubab Shabbir; Raheel Anwar; Irfan Afzal; Rosario Mauro. Alleviation of Copper-Induced Stress in Pea (Pisum sativum L.) through Foliar Application of Gibberellic Acid. Biology 2021, 10, 120 .

AMA Style

Talha Javed, Muhammad Ali, Rubab Shabbir, Raheel Anwar, Irfan Afzal, Rosario Mauro. Alleviation of Copper-Induced Stress in Pea (Pisum sativum L.) through Foliar Application of Gibberellic Acid. Biology. 2021; 10 (2):120.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Talha Javed; Muhammad Ali; Rubab Shabbir; Raheel Anwar; Irfan Afzal; Rosario Mauro. 2021. "Alleviation of Copper-Induced Stress in Pea (Pisum sativum L.) through Foliar Application of Gibberellic Acid." Biology 10, no. 2: 120.

Journal article
Published: 29 January 2021 in Horticulturae
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Temperature is a key factor influencing plant growth and productivity, however sudden increases in temperature can cause severe consequences in terms of crop performance. We evaluated the influence of elementary sulfur application on the physiology and growth of two tomato genotypes (“Ahmar” and “Roma”) grown in two growth chambers (at 25 and 45 °C). Plants were sprayed with 2, 4, 6, and 8 ppm sulfur 45 days after sowing (untreated plants were kept as control). Plants of the “Roma” cultivar receiving 6 ppm sulfur exhibited maximal shoot and root biomass values followed by those receiving 4 ppm under both temperature conditions. Maximal CO2 index, photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, and greenness index values (188.1 µmol mol−1, 36.3 µmol CO2 m−2 s−1, 1.8 µmol H2O m−2 s−1, and 95 SPAD, respectively) were observed in plants of “Roma” cultivar grown at 25 °C, indicating positive influences of sulfur on tomato physiology. Similarly, sulfur maximized proline, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium contents in leaves of both genotypes at both temperatures. The differences between control and sulfur-treated plants grown under heat stress indicate a possible role of sulfur in mitigating heat stress. Overall, our results suggest that 6 ppm of sulfur is the best dose to alleviate tomato heat stress and enhance the morphological, physiological, and biochemical attributes of tomato plants.

ACS Style

Muhammad Moaaz Ali; Muhammad Waleed Shafique; Shaista Gull; Waleed Afzal Naveed; Talha Javed; Ahmed Fathy Yousef; Rosario Paolo Mauro. Alleviation of Heat Stress in Tomato by Exogenous Application of Sulfur. Horticulturae 2021, 7, 21 .

AMA Style

Muhammad Moaaz Ali, Muhammad Waleed Shafique, Shaista Gull, Waleed Afzal Naveed, Talha Javed, Ahmed Fathy Yousef, Rosario Paolo Mauro. Alleviation of Heat Stress in Tomato by Exogenous Application of Sulfur. Horticulturae. 2021; 7 (2):21.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Muhammad Moaaz Ali; Muhammad Waleed Shafique; Shaista Gull; Waleed Afzal Naveed; Talha Javed; Ahmed Fathy Yousef; Rosario Paolo Mauro. 2021. "Alleviation of Heat Stress in Tomato by Exogenous Application of Sulfur." Horticulturae 7, no. 2: 21.

Journal article
Published: 26 January 2021 in Agronomy
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This study was conducted to analyze the effect of magnesium (Mg), zinc (Zn) and boron (B) on the level of macronutrients (Na, Mg, K, Ca), micronutrients (Zn, B, Mo, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu), and heavy metals (Cd, As, Hg, Pb) in loquat leaves and fruit tissues (peel, pulp, and seed) using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Fruits were obtained from a loquat orchard located in Fujian (Yun Xiao/Zhangzhou). The results revealed that the foliar application of Mg increased the concentrations of Mg, K, Ca, Zn, B, Mn, Ni, and Cu in leaves; Mg, Ca, Zn, B, Mo, and Mn in fruit pulp; and Na, K, B, Mo, Co, Ni, and Cu in seeds. Zinc increased Mg, K, Ca, Zn, B, Ni, and Cu in leaves; Fe, Co and Ni in fruit peel; K, B, Mn, Fe, and Co in fruit pulp; and Na and K in seeds. Similarly, B application increased the concentrations of Na, Mg, K, Ca, and B in leaves; Ca and Ni in fruit peel; Na, Mg, Ca, Zn, B, Mn, Fe, and Co in fruit pulp; and Na, K, Ca, Zn, B, Mo, Mn, Co, and Ni in loquat seeds. Overall, mineral concentrations detected in the leaves and fruit tissues of loquats were greatly influenced by the application of Mg, Zn and B. Although heavy metal concentrations in fruit pulp were increased by the foliar application of B, the fruits were under safe limits for human consumption.

ACS Style

Muhammad Moaaz Ali; Raheel Anwar; Muhammad Waleed Shafique; Ahmed Fathy Yousef; Faxing Chen. Exogenous Application of Mg, Zn and B Influences Phyto-Nutritional Composition of Leaves and Fruits of Loquat (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.). Agronomy 2021, 11, 224 .

AMA Style

Muhammad Moaaz Ali, Raheel Anwar, Muhammad Waleed Shafique, Ahmed Fathy Yousef, Faxing Chen. Exogenous Application of Mg, Zn and B Influences Phyto-Nutritional Composition of Leaves and Fruits of Loquat (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.). Agronomy. 2021; 11 (2):224.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Muhammad Moaaz Ali; Raheel Anwar; Muhammad Waleed Shafique; Ahmed Fathy Yousef; Faxing Chen. 2021. "Exogenous Application of Mg, Zn and B Influences Phyto-Nutritional Composition of Leaves and Fruits of Loquat (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.)." Agronomy 11, no. 2: 224.

Journal article
Published: 16 November 2020 in Agronomy
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This study was conducted to comparatively assess the effects of fertilization typology (organic, inorganic, and biofertilization) on the growth, yield, and compositional profile of Jew’s mallow. The experiment was carried out over two growing seasons, under semi-arid climate conditions on silty loam soil. We adopted three fertilization strategies: (1) inorganic NPK fertilizer (146, 74, and 57 kg ha−1 for N, P2O5, and K2O, respectively), (2) farmyard manure (36 m3 ha−1), and (3) a biofertilizer (a set of mixed cultures of Bacillus spp., Candida spp., and Trichoderma spp. at 36 L ha−1). Treatment combinations were control (without fertilization, T1), NPK fertilizer (T2), farmyard manure (FYM, T3), biofertilizer (T4), NPK+biofertilizer (T5), and FYM+biofertilizer (T6). The T5 treatment maximized both plant and leaf biomass (up to 31.6 and 8.0 t ha−1, respectively), plant height (68.5 cm), leaf area (370 cm m−2), leaf protein content (18.7%), as well as N, P, and K concentration in leaves (2.99, 0.88, and 2.01 mg 100 g−1, respectively). The leaves’ weight incidence was lower in T5 treatment (36.7%) as compared to the unfertilized plants (T1). The results revealed that the combined application of inorganic NPK plus biofertilizer is most beneficial to increase growth, yield, and nutrient accumulation in Jew’s mallow plants.

ACS Style

Ahmed Fathy Yousef; Mohamed Ahmed Youssef; Muhammad Moaaz Ali; Muhammed Mustapha Ibrahim; Yong Xu; Rosario Paolo Mauro. Improved Growth and Yield Response of Jew’s Mallow (Corchorus olitorius L.) Plants Through Biofertilization Under Semi-Arid Climate Conditions in Egypt. Agronomy 2020, 10, 1801 .

AMA Style

Ahmed Fathy Yousef, Mohamed Ahmed Youssef, Muhammad Moaaz Ali, Muhammed Mustapha Ibrahim, Yong Xu, Rosario Paolo Mauro. Improved Growth and Yield Response of Jew’s Mallow (Corchorus olitorius L.) Plants Through Biofertilization Under Semi-Arid Climate Conditions in Egypt. Agronomy. 2020; 10 (11):1801.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ahmed Fathy Yousef; Mohamed Ahmed Youssef; Muhammad Moaaz Ali; Muhammed Mustapha Ibrahim; Yong Xu; Rosario Paolo Mauro. 2020. "Improved Growth and Yield Response of Jew’s Mallow (Corchorus olitorius L.) Plants Through Biofertilization Under Semi-Arid Climate Conditions in Egypt." Agronomy 10, no. 11: 1801.

Journal article
Published: 25 October 2020 in Agriculture
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The seed industry and farmers have challenges, which include the production of poor quality and non-certified tomato seed, which ultimately results in decreased crop production. The issue carefully demands pre-sowing treatments using exogenous chemical plant growth-promoting substances. Therefore, to mitigate the above-stated problem, a series of experiments were conducted to improve the quality of tomato seeds (two cultivars, i.e., “Sundar” and “Ahmar”) and to enhance the stand establishment, vigor, physiological, and biochemical attributes under growth chamber and greenhouse conditions by using potassium nitrate (KNO3) as a seed priming agent. Seeds were imbibed in 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, 1.0, and 1.25 KNO3 (weight/volume) for 24 h and then dried before experiments. The results of growth chamber and greenhouse screening show that experimental units receiving tomato seeds primed with 0.75% KNO3 in both cultivars performed better as compared to other concentrations and nonprimed control. Significant increase in final emergence (%), mean emergence time, and physiological attributes were observed with 0.75% KNO3. Collectively, the improved performance of tomato due to seed priming with 0.75% KNO3 was linked with higher activities of total soluble sugars and phenolics under growth chamber and greenhouse screening.

ACS Style

Muhammad Moaaz Ali; Talha Javed; Rosario Mauro; Rubab Shabbir; Irfan Afzal; Ahmed Yousef. Effect of Seed Priming with Potassium Nitrate on the Performance of Tomato. Agriculture 2020, 10, 498 .

AMA Style

Muhammad Moaaz Ali, Talha Javed, Rosario Mauro, Rubab Shabbir, Irfan Afzal, Ahmed Yousef. Effect of Seed Priming with Potassium Nitrate on the Performance of Tomato. Agriculture. 2020; 10 (11):498.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Muhammad Moaaz Ali; Talha Javed; Rosario Mauro; Rubab Shabbir; Irfan Afzal; Ahmed Yousef. 2020. "Effect of Seed Priming with Potassium Nitrate on the Performance of Tomato." Agriculture 10, no. 11: 498.

Journal article
Published: 01 September 2020 in Journal of Applied Research in Plant Sciences
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Poor crop establishment is one of the major constraints to obtain the higher potential of rice, particularly in areas prone to environmental stresses. Therefore, present study was conducted to evaluate the effects of potassium nitrate on germination dynamics, seedling growth and associated physiological and biochemical events of two rice cultivars. For this purpose, various seed priming treatments were tested in lab and greenhouse. The percent concentrations of potassium nitrate were 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, 1.0 and 1.25 in both lab evaluation and greenhouse experiment. Non-primed seeds were maintained as a control for comparison. The results depicted that soaking rice seeds at higher concentrations of KNO3 could delay emergence time and final emergence (%) in both cultivars under lab and greenhouse conditions. Seed priming with 0.75% KNO3 significantly increased the stand establishment and seedling vigor attributes of both cultivars compared with other concentrations and naked rice seeds both in lab evaluation and greenhouse screening. Similarly, highest values for photosynthesis rate, evaporation rate and CO2 index were observed in experimental units receiving primed seeds with 0.75% KNO3 under greenhouse screening. Interestingly, no variance was observed among both rice cultivars. Overall, higher seed emergence, seedling vigor and associated biochemical attributes due to seed priming with 0.75% KNO3 was associated with decrease in alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and pyruvate decarboxylase (PDH) activities in lab and greenhouse screening. Keywords: Seed priming, potassium nitrate, seed quality, stand establishment, vigor Introduction Rice is an important cereal crop that serve as staple food for almost half of the world population (Chun et al. 2020; Zafar et al. 2020). Its germination is affected under various environmental stresses which causes poor yield (Zafar et al. 2015; Zafar et al. 2018). Poor germination is the problem often faced by different farmers of rice, especially when the seed is broadcasted in dry condition. Under unfavorable and harsh environmental condition, seed priming method is the best technique which help the seed to germinate easily. It enhances the germination chances and boost up the process (Ahmed et al., 2019), and is a cheaper solution to overcome poor stand establishment (Farooq et al., 2009; Harris et al., 1999). It has been reported that the seed priming is very helpful in improving germination rate of many crops i.e., rice, wheat, maize and canola (Basra et al., 2005). The germination percentage and dry weight of seedlings of safflower was increased by seed priming (Razaji et al., 2012). It has been reported that the inferior quality of wheat could also grow well after seed priming (Hussian et al., 2013). Increase in germination rate, uniformity in process, improved plant growth and yield, and better physiological performance are included in the beneficial aspects of seed priming (Farooq et al., 2007; Ruan et al., 2002). The seed priming principle is based on the behavior of seed towards water absorption; water is very important factor for seed germination and growth. The water intake of seed is divided into three phases. First phase includes the intake of water by seed and activation of enzymes. In 2nd phase, after activation of enzymes, several processes such as food deprivation, cell membrane restructuring and biosynthesis of starch occur to support seedling and root growth. In final phase, the growth of root and shoot organs i.e., radicle and plumule takes place (Bewley et al., 2013). There are three categories of seed priming techniques; (1) hydro-priming – priming with simple water, (2) solid-matrix priming – priming with solid organic material and (3) osmopriming – priming with priming solutions e.g., potassium nitrate (KNO3), potassium chloride (KCl) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) (McKersie, 2002; Mohammadi, 2009). PEG and KNO3 are commonly used in priming studies, but PEG is more expensive than KNO3. In a previous study, it was demonstrated that the osmopriming of seed of soybean with KNO3 at the concentration of 6 g/L increased the germination percentage and dry weight of seedling (Ahmadvand et al., 2012). Similarly, seed priming with 1.0% KNO3 for 24 h at 20°C enhance the germination rate and improved the physiological quality of soybean (Mohammadi, 2009). Moreover, it has also been reported that the seed priming could improve the protein synthesis during early growth of embryo (Xu et al., 2009). Here in this study, the aim was to evaluate the effect of seed priming with different concentrations of KNO3 (0.25%, 0.50%, 0.75%, 1.0% and 1.25% (w/v) KNO3 for 1 day at 25°C) on the stand establishment, seedling vigor, physiological and biochemical attributes of two rice cultivars. Materials and Methods Seed Source: Seed of Indica rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars viz., Basmati-515 and Basmati-385 were obtained from Rice Research Institute, Kala Shah Kaku, Punjab, Pakistan. The initial germination and seed moisture content prior to seed treatment was ˃80% and 12% respectively on dry weight basis. Seed Priming Treatments: Rice seeds were primed with 0.25%, 0.50%, 0.75%, 1.0% and 1.25% (w/v) KNO3 for 24 h at 25°C. Pre-weighed seeds (5g) were placed on two blotter papers in 9-cm diameter petri dishes saturated with appropriate concentration of osmotic solutions followed by covering of dishes with aluminum foil. Non-primed rice seeds were maintained as control for comparison. Seeds were stored at -4°C in paper bags, prior to experimentation. Experimental Site and Conditions: Lab experiment was conducted in the growth chamber of Seed Preservation Lab, National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad, Pakistan during September 2019 to October 2019. While, greenhouse experiment was conducted at the research station of National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad, Pakistan during September 2019 to November 2019. Well...

ACS Style

Talha Javed; Muhammad Moaaz Ali; Rubab Shabbir; Shaista Gull; Ahmad Ali; Ehsan Khalid; Anam Noreen Abbas; Mubashir Tariq; Muqmirah. RICE SEEDLING ESTABLISHMENT AS INFLUENCED BY CULTIVARS AND SEED PRIMING WITH POTASSIUM NITRATE. Journal of Applied Research in Plant Sciences 2020, 1, 65 -75.

AMA Style

Talha Javed, Muhammad Moaaz Ali, Rubab Shabbir, Shaista Gull, Ahmad Ali, Ehsan Khalid, Anam Noreen Abbas, Mubashir Tariq, Muqmirah. RICE SEEDLING ESTABLISHMENT AS INFLUENCED BY CULTIVARS AND SEED PRIMING WITH POTASSIUM NITRATE. Journal of Applied Research in Plant Sciences. 2020; 1 (2):65-75.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Talha Javed; Muhammad Moaaz Ali; Rubab Shabbir; Shaista Gull; Ahmad Ali; Ehsan Khalid; Anam Noreen Abbas; Mubashir Tariq; Muqmirah. 2020. "RICE SEEDLING ESTABLISHMENT AS INFLUENCED BY CULTIVARS AND SEED PRIMING WITH POTASSIUM NITRATE." Journal of Applied Research in Plant Sciences 1, no. 2: 65-75.

Journal article
Published: 20 February 2016
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Muhammad Moaaz Ali. Transplanting Time Influences Plant Growth and Fruit Quality of Strawberries Grown Under Subtropical Climate. 2016, 1 .

AMA Style

Muhammad Moaaz Ali. Transplanting Time Influences Plant Growth and Fruit Quality of Strawberries Grown Under Subtropical Climate. . 2016; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Muhammad Moaaz Ali. 2016. "Transplanting Time Influences Plant Growth and Fruit Quality of Strawberries Grown Under Subtropical Climate." , no. : 1.