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The multidisciplinary project Prediction of Air Pollution in Latin America and the Caribbean (PAPILA) is dedicated to the development and implementation of an air quality analysis and forecasting system to assess pollution impacts on human health and economy. In this context, a comprehensive emission inventory for South America was developed on the basis of the existing data on the global dataset CAMS-GLOB-ANT v4.1 (developed by joining CEDS trends and EDGARv4.3.2 historical data), enriching it with derived data from locally available emission inventories for Argentina, Chile and Colombia. This work presents the results of the first joint effort of South American researchers and European colleagues to generate regional maps of emissions, together with a methodological approach to continue incorporating information into future versions of the dataset. This version of the PAPILA dataset includes CO, NOx, NMVOCs, NH3 and SO2 annual emissions from anthropogenic sources for the period 2014–2016, with a spatial resolution of 0.1° x 0.1° over a domain that covers 32°–120° W and 34°N–58°S. PAPILA dataset is presented as netCDF4 files and is available in an open access data repository under a CC-BY 4 license: http://dx.doi.org/10.17632/btf2mz4fhf.2. A comparative assessment of PAPILA-CAMS datasets was carried out for (i) the South American region, (ii) the countries with local data (Argentina, Colombia and Chile), and (iii) downscaled emission maps for urban domains with different environmental and anthropogenic factors. Relevant differences were obtained both at country and urban level for all the compounds analysed. Among them, we found that when comparing total emissions of PAPILA versus CAMS datasets at the national level, higher levels of NOx and considerably lower of the other species were obtained for Argentina, higher levels of SO2 and lower of CO and NOx for Colombia, and considerably higher levels CO, NMVOCs and SO2 for Chile. These discrepancies are mainly related to the representativeness of the local practices in the local emissions estimates, to the improvements made in the spatial distribution of the locally estimated emissions, or both. Both datasets were evaluated relative to surface concentrations of CO and NOx by using them as input data to the WRF-Chem model for one of the analysed domains, the Metropolitan Area of Buenos Aires, for summer and winter of 2015. For winter, PAPILA-based results had lower bias for CO and NOx concentrations, for which CAMS-based results tended to be underestimated. Both inventories exhibited similar performances for CO in summer, while PAPILA simulation outperformed NOx concentrations. These results highlight the importance of refining global inventories with local data to obtain accurate results with high-resolution air quality models.
Paula Castesana; Melisa Diaz Resquin; Nicolás Huneeus; Enrique Puliafito; Sabine Darras; Darío Gómez; Claire Granier; Mauricio Osses Alvarado; Néstor Rojas; Laura Dawidowski. PAPILA dataset: a regional emission inventory of reactive gases for South America based on the combination of local and global information. 2021, 2021, 1 -34.
AMA StylePaula Castesana, Melisa Diaz Resquin, Nicolás Huneeus, Enrique Puliafito, Sabine Darras, Darío Gómez, Claire Granier, Mauricio Osses Alvarado, Néstor Rojas, Laura Dawidowski. PAPILA dataset: a regional emission inventory of reactive gases for South America based on the combination of local and global information. . 2021; 2021 ():1-34.
Chicago/Turabian StylePaula Castesana; Melisa Diaz Resquin; Nicolás Huneeus; Enrique Puliafito; Sabine Darras; Darío Gómez; Claire Granier; Mauricio Osses Alvarado; Néstor Rojas; Laura Dawidowski. 2021. "PAPILA dataset: a regional emission inventory of reactive gases for South America based on the combination of local and global information." 2021, no. : 1-34.
Snow is among the most reflective of natural surfaces on Earth and in its reflectance, also known as snow surface albedo (SSA), a small SSA decrease can increase its absorption of solar energy. Also, climate models indicate that the reduction of SSA contributes to global warming and near-worldwide melting of cryosphere. The snowpack through South America (SA) is mainly associated to the Andes mountain range, which geologically extends 9000 km approx. from the tropical region (11°N) to the Antarctandes (76°S) in the Antarctic. There, snow is an important source of fresh water for more than 80 million people who live in the 9 countries where this mountain passes. In this study we have analyzed the SSA trend. For that, in accordance with the division proposed by Dussaillant et al. (2019), we have divided the study area into 8 zones: Inner Tropics (11°N-5°S), Outer Tropics (5°S-18°S), Desert Andes (18° S-31°S), Central Andes (31°S-37°S), North Patagonia (37°S-46°S), South Patagonia (46°S-54°S), Fuegian Andes (54°S- 56°S), and Antarctandes (63°S- 76°S). We used daily data of SSA available from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) onboard the NASA Terra and Aqua satellites for the last 20 years (Mar 2000 to Feb 2020). The results show that the greatest negative inter and intra-annual trends (i.e. is a decrease in SSA) during the last 20 years were observed in the Central Andes (April, -5.76%; p <0.001), North Patagonia (Nov, -2.33%; p <0.05) and Fuegian Andes (Oct, -1.73%; p <0.05). While the greatest positive variations were detected in Antarctandes (May, 4.76%; p <0.001), Fuegian Andes (Dec, 4%; p <0.05), and Outer Tropics (Dec, 1.67%; p <0.01). The highest SSA decrease observed in the Central Andes is consistent with previous studies carried out by the authors that have shown an association between light-absorbing particles with SSA decrease in various basins there. Our results could serve to better understand the radiative forcing changes generated in the SA cryosphere and its effects on climate change.
Tomás R Bolaño-Ortiz; Maria Ruggeri; Lucas Luciano Berná Peña; S. Enrique Puliafito; Francisco Cereceda-Balic. Snow surface albedo changes in the last two decades across the South America (11°N-76°S): Some highlights revealed by satellite observations. 2021, 1 .
AMA StyleTomás R Bolaño-Ortiz, Maria Ruggeri, Lucas Luciano Berná Peña, S. Enrique Puliafito, Francisco Cereceda-Balic. Snow surface albedo changes in the last two decades across the South America (11°N-76°S): Some highlights revealed by satellite observations. . 2021; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTomás R Bolaño-Ortiz; Maria Ruggeri; Lucas Luciano Berná Peña; S. Enrique Puliafito; Francisco Cereceda-Balic. 2021. "Snow surface albedo changes in the last two decades across the South America (11°N-76°S): Some highlights revealed by satellite observations." , no. : 1.
This work presents the integration of a gas-phase and particulate atmospheric emission inventory (AEI) for Argentina in high spatial resolution (0.025° × 0.025°; approx. 2.5 km × 2.5 km) considering monthly variability from 1995 to 2020. The new inventory, called GEAA-AEIv3.0M, includes the following activities: energy production, fugitive emissions from oil and gas production, industrial fuel consumption and production, transport -road, maritime and air-, agriculture, livestock production, manufacturing, residential, commercial and biomass + agricultural-waste burning. The following species, grouped by atmospheric reactivity, are considered: i) Greenhouse Gases (GHG): CO2, CH4 and N2O; ii) Ozone Precursors: CO, NOx (NO + NO2) and Non-Methane Volatile Organic Compounds (NMVOC); iii) Acidifying Gases: NH3 and SO2; and iv) Particulate Matter (PM): PM10, PM2.5, Total Suspended Particle (TSP) and Black-Carbon (BC). The main objective of the GEAA-AEIv3.0M high-resolution emission inventory is to provide temporal resolved emission maps to support air quality and climate modeling oriented to evaluate pollutant mitigation strategies by local governments. This is of major concern especially in countries where air quality monitoring networks are scarce, and the development of regional and seasonal emissions inventories would result in remarkable improvements in the time + space chemical prediction achieved by air quality models. Despite distinguishing among different sectoral and activity databases as well as introducing a novel spatial distribution approach based on census radii, our high-resolution GEAA-AEIv3.0M show equivalent national-wide total emissions compared to the Third National Communication of Argentina (TNCA), which compiles annual GHG emissions from 1990 through 2014 (agreement within ±4 %). However, the GEAA-AEIv3.0M includes acidifying gases and PM species not considered in TNCA. Spatial and temporal comparisons were also performed against EDGAR HTAPv5.0 inventory for several pollutants. The agreement was acceptable within less than 30 % for most of the pollutants and activities, although a > 90 % discrepancy was obtained for methane from fuel production and fugitive emissions and > 120 % for biomass burning. Finally, the updated seasonal series clearly showed the pollution reduction due to the COVID-19 lockdown during the first quarter of year 2020 with respect to same months in previous years. Through an open access data repository, we present the GEAA-AEIv3.0M inventory, as the largest and more detailed spatial resolution dataset for the Argentine Republic, which includes monthly gridded emissions for 12 species and 15 sectors between 1995 and 2020. The datasets are available at http://dx.doi.org/10.17632/d6xrhpmzdp.1, under a CC-BY 4 license (Puliafito et al., 2021).
S. Enrique Puliafito; Tomás R. Bolaño-Ortiz; Rafael P. Fernandez; Lucas L. Berná; Romina M. Pascual-Flores; Josefina Urquiza; Ana I. López-Noreña; María F. Tames. High resolution seasonal and decadal inventory of anthropic gas-phase and particle emissions for Argentina. 2021, 2021, 1 -56.
AMA StyleS. Enrique Puliafito, Tomás R. Bolaño-Ortiz, Rafael P. Fernandez, Lucas L. Berná, Romina M. Pascual-Flores, Josefina Urquiza, Ana I. López-Noreña, María F. Tames. High resolution seasonal and decadal inventory of anthropic gas-phase and particle emissions for Argentina. . 2021; 2021 ():1-56.
Chicago/Turabian StyleS. Enrique Puliafito; Tomás R. Bolaño-Ortiz; Rafael P. Fernandez; Lucas L. Berná; Romina M. Pascual-Flores; Josefina Urquiza; Ana I. López-Noreña; María F. Tames. 2021. "High resolution seasonal and decadal inventory of anthropic gas-phase and particle emissions for Argentina." 2021, no. : 1-56.
S. Enrique Puliafito; Tomás R. Bolaño-Ortiz; Rafael P. Fernandez; Lucas L. Berná; Romina M. Pascual-Flores; Josefina Urquiza; Ana I. López-Noreña; María F. Tames. Supplementary material to "High resolution seasonal and decadal inventory of anthropic gas-phase and particle emissions for Argentina". 2021, 1 .
AMA StyleS. Enrique Puliafito, Tomás R. Bolaño-Ortiz, Rafael P. Fernandez, Lucas L. Berná, Romina M. Pascual-Flores, Josefina Urquiza, Ana I. López-Noreña, María F. Tames. Supplementary material to "High resolution seasonal and decadal inventory of anthropic gas-phase and particle emissions for Argentina". . 2021; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleS. Enrique Puliafito; Tomás R. Bolaño-Ortiz; Rafael P. Fernandez; Lucas L. Berná; Romina M. Pascual-Flores; Josefina Urquiza; Ana I. López-Noreña; María F. Tames. 2021. "Supplementary material to "High resolution seasonal and decadal inventory of anthropic gas-phase and particle emissions for Argentina"." , no. : 1.
Ocean‐going ships supply products from one region to another and contribute to the world's economy. Ship exhaust contains many air pollutants and results in significant changes in marine atmospheric composition. The role of Reactive Halogen Species (RHS) in the troposphere has received increasing recognition and oceans are the largest contributors to their atmospheric burden. However, the impact of shipping emissions on RHS and that of RHS on ship‐originated air pollutants have not been studied in detail. Here, an updated WRF‐Chem model is utilized to explore the chemical interactions between ship emissions and oceanic RHS over the East Asia seas in summer. The emissions and resulting chemical transformations from shipping activities increase the level of NO and NO2 at the surface, increase O3 in the South China Sea, but decrease O3 in the East China Sea. Such changes in pollutants result in remarkable changes in the levels of RHS (>200% increase of chlorine; ∼30% and ∼5% decrease of bromine and iodine, respectively) as well as in their partitioning. The abundant RHS, in turn, reshape the loadings of air pollutants (∼20% decrease of NO and NO2; and ∼15% decrease of O3) and those of the oxidants (>10% reduction of OH and HO2; and ∼40% decrease of NO3) with marked patterns along the ship tracks. We, therefore, suggest that these important chemical interactions of ship‐originated emissions with RHS should be considered in the environmental policy assessments of the role of shipping emissions in air quality and climate.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Qinyi Li; Alba Badia; Rafael P. Fernandez; Anoop S. Mahajan; Ana Isabel López‐Noreña; Yan Zhang; Shanshan Wang; Enrique Puliafito; Carlos A. Cuevas; Alfonso Saiz‐Lopez. Chemical Interactions Between Ship‐Originated Air Pollutants and Ocean‐Emitted Halogens. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 2021, 126, 1 .
AMA StyleQinyi Li, Alba Badia, Rafael P. Fernandez, Anoop S. Mahajan, Ana Isabel López‐Noreña, Yan Zhang, Shanshan Wang, Enrique Puliafito, Carlos A. Cuevas, Alfonso Saiz‐Lopez. Chemical Interactions Between Ship‐Originated Air Pollutants and Ocean‐Emitted Halogens. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 2021; 126 (4):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleQinyi Li; Alba Badia; Rafael P. Fernandez; Anoop S. Mahajan; Ana Isabel López‐Noreña; Yan Zhang; Shanshan Wang; Enrique Puliafito; Carlos A. Cuevas; Alfonso Saiz‐Lopez. 2021. "Chemical Interactions Between Ship‐Originated Air Pollutants and Ocean‐Emitted Halogens." Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 126, no. 4: 1.
Changes in snow albedo (SA) on several basins of the central Andes of Argentina are associated with the possible deposition of light-absorbing particles (LAP) in the austral spring. To demonstrate this possibility, we correlate SA with daily data of snow cover (SC), aerosol optical depth (AOD) and land surface temperature (LST) available from the Moderate-Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) on board NASA Terra satellite during 2000–2016, and other derived parameters such as days after albedo (DAS) and snow precipitation (SP) from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM). We used satellite pixels with 100% snow cover to obtain monthly average value of SA, LST, AOD, DAS and SP performing multiple regression analysis. Further, we analysed biomass burning emissions in northern Argentina using MODIS products MCD64 collection C6 as possible source for snow pollution. Aerosol deposition and trajectories were analysed using WRF-Chem atmospheric numerical prediction model, with inventories of regional anthropogenic emissions of own elaboration (lat. 0.025° × long. 0.025°) and the estimation of open burning emissions from the FINN global inventory (Fire INventory from NCAR).
S. E. Puliafito; T. Bolaño Ortiz; R. Pascual; A. Lopez-Noreña; L. Berná. SNOW ALBEDO REDUCTION IN CENTRAL ANDES BY ATMOSPHERIC AEROSOLS: CASE STUDY ON THE TUNUYÁN BASIN (ARGENTINA). The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences 2020, XLII-3/W12, 407 -412.
AMA StyleS. E. Puliafito, T. Bolaño Ortiz, R. Pascual, A. Lopez-Noreña, L. Berná. SNOW ALBEDO REDUCTION IN CENTRAL ANDES BY ATMOSPHERIC AEROSOLS: CASE STUDY ON THE TUNUYÁN BASIN (ARGENTINA). The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences. 2020; XLII-3/W12 ():407-412.
Chicago/Turabian StyleS. E. Puliafito; T. Bolaño Ortiz; R. Pascual; A. Lopez-Noreña; L. Berná. 2020. "SNOW ALBEDO REDUCTION IN CENTRAL ANDES BY ATMOSPHERIC AEROSOLS: CASE STUDY ON THE TUNUYÁN BASIN (ARGENTINA)." The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-3/W12, no. : 407-412.
Methane emissions have very important effect on global radiative forcing. Therefore, reducing these emissions has been proposed as an effective short-term strategy to mitigate global warming, in parallel with reductions in long-lived carbon dioxide (CO2) for long- term temperature stabilizations. In this context, Argentina emits 3645 Gg of CH4 mainly from livestock production, biomass burning and natural gas production. Since 2018, TROPOMI instruments provide global coverage on methane column-average mole fraction of dry air (XCH4), and height profiles of methane concentrations. We compare two available methane inventory: a national (a high resolution of own ellaboration: GEAA) and an international (EDGAR) emissions database with TROPOMI measurements. By performing inverse satellite retrieval we evaluate the ability of remote sensing information to detect possible hotspot methane emissions and compare these results with the two inventories. From these analyzes, we observe that the latitudinal averages of the continental sector increase at a rate of 10 ppb/degree, from south to north, while the maritime sector remains constant. From a temporary perspective, the average monthly concentration amplitude range varies 40 to 50 ppb, with minimum values in March and maximum values in September.
S. E. Puliafito; L. Berná; A. Lopez-Noreña; R. Pascual; T. Bolaño-Ortiz. ATMOSPHERIC METHANE EMISSIONS FOR ARGENTINA. COMPARISON WITH TROPOMI SATELLITE MEASUREMENTS. ISPRS Annals of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences 2020, IV-3/W2-20, 107 -112.
AMA StyleS. E. Puliafito, L. Berná, A. Lopez-Noreña, R. Pascual, T. Bolaño-Ortiz. ATMOSPHERIC METHANE EMISSIONS FOR ARGENTINA. COMPARISON WITH TROPOMI SATELLITE MEASUREMENTS. ISPRS Annals of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences. 2020; IV-3/W2-20 ():107-112.
Chicago/Turabian StyleS. E. Puliafito; L. Berná; A. Lopez-Noreña; R. Pascual; T. Bolaño-Ortiz. 2020. "ATMOSPHERIC METHANE EMISSIONS FOR ARGENTINA. COMPARISON WITH TROPOMI SATELLITE MEASUREMENTS." ISPRS Annals of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences IV-3/W2-20, no. : 107-112.
This work studied the emission changes and their economic effects during the Argentina’s COVID-19 pandemic lockdown. We have analyzed the atmospheric emissions of the main greenhouse gases (GHG: CO2, CH4, and N2O) and other pollutants (NOx, CO, NMVOC, SO2, PM10, PM2.5, and BC) from various sectors such as private road transport, freight, public transport, agriculture machines, thermal power plants, residential, commercial, and governmental from January 2005 to April 2020. We focused on the months with the greatest restrictions of COVID-19 pandemic in Argentina (March and April 2020). The results show emissions reduction up to 37% for PM10, PM2.5, and BC, consistent with observed from satellite images and up to 160% for NOx, CO, NMVOC, and SOx. However, the residential sector has increased their emissions by 8% for the same period. As a consequence, 3337 Gg of CO2eq of GHG emissions were reduced, corresponding to a 20% reduction compared to the same period in 2019. Besides, a 26% reduction in gross domestic product (GDP) was observed due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Our results show that each Tg of GHG reduction was associated to a 0.16% reduction of the GDP from the analyzed sectors. Thus, without a voluntary reduction in consumption associated to significant cultural and technological changes, reduction in GHG would still be associated with deepening inequalities and asymmetries between high and low consumption sectors (i.e., with better (lesser) education, health, and job opportunities), even within countries and cities.
Tomás Bolaño-Ortiz; S. Puliafito; Lucas Berná-Peña; Romina Pascual-Flores; Josefina Urquiza; Yiniva Camargo-Caicedo. Atmospheric Emission Changes and Their Economic Impacts During the COVID-19 Pandemic Lockdown in Argentina. Sustainability 2020, 12, 8661 .
AMA StyleTomás Bolaño-Ortiz, S. Puliafito, Lucas Berná-Peña, Romina Pascual-Flores, Josefina Urquiza, Yiniva Camargo-Caicedo. Atmospheric Emission Changes and Their Economic Impacts During the COVID-19 Pandemic Lockdown in Argentina. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (20):8661.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTomás Bolaño-Ortiz; S. Puliafito; Lucas Berná-Peña; Romina Pascual-Flores; Josefina Urquiza; Yiniva Camargo-Caicedo. 2020. "Atmospheric Emission Changes and Their Economic Impacts During the COVID-19 Pandemic Lockdown in Argentina." Sustainability 12, no. 20: 8661.
This work studied the spread of COVID-19, the meteorological conditions and the air quality in a megacity from two viewpoints: (1) the correlation between meteorological and air quality (PM10 and NO2) variables with infections and deaths due COVID-19, and (2) the improvement in air quality. Both analyses were performed for the pandemic lockdown due to COVID-19 in the City of Buenos Aires (CABA), the capital and the largest city in Argentina. Daily data from temperature, rainfall, average relative humidity, wind speed, PM10, NO2, new cases and deaths due COVID-19 were analyzed. Our findings showed a significant correlation of meteorological and air quality variables with COVID-19 cases. The highest temperature correlation occurred before the confirmation day of new cases. PM10 presented the highest correlation within 13 to 15 days lag, while NO2 within 3 to 6 days lag. Also, reductions in PM10 and NO2 were observed. This study shows that exposure to air pollution was significantly correlated with an increased risk of becoming infected and dying due to COVID-19. Thus, these results show that the NO2 and PM10 levels in CABA can serve as one of the indicators to assess vulnerability to COVID-19. In addition, decision-makers can use this information to adopt strategies to restrict human mobility during the COVID-19 pandemic and future outbreaks of similar diseases in CABA.
Tomás Bolaño-Ortiz; Romina Pascual-Flores; S. Puliafito; Yiniva Camargo-Caicedo; Lucas Berná-Peña; María Ruggeri; Ana Lopez-Noreña; María Tames; Francisco Cereceda-Balic. Spread of COVID-19, Meteorological Conditions and Air Quality in the City of Buenos Aires, Argentina: Two Facets Observed during Its Pandemic Lockdown. Atmosphere 2020, 11, 1045 .
AMA StyleTomás Bolaño-Ortiz, Romina Pascual-Flores, S. Puliafito, Yiniva Camargo-Caicedo, Lucas Berná-Peña, María Ruggeri, Ana Lopez-Noreña, María Tames, Francisco Cereceda-Balic. Spread of COVID-19, Meteorological Conditions and Air Quality in the City of Buenos Aires, Argentina: Two Facets Observed during Its Pandemic Lockdown. Atmosphere. 2020; 11 (10):1045.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTomás Bolaño-Ortiz; Romina Pascual-Flores; S. Puliafito; Yiniva Camargo-Caicedo; Lucas Berná-Peña; María Ruggeri; Ana Lopez-Noreña; María Tames; Francisco Cereceda-Balic. 2020. "Spread of COVID-19, Meteorological Conditions and Air Quality in the City of Buenos Aires, Argentina: Two Facets Observed during Its Pandemic Lockdown." Atmosphere 11, no. 10: 1045.
We have evaluated the spread of SARS-CoV-2 through Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) region by means of a correlation between climate and air pollution indicators, namely, average temperature, minimum temperature, maximum temperature, rainfall, average relative humidity, wind speed, and air pollution indicators PM10, PM2.5, and NO2 with the COVID-19 daily new cases and deaths. The study focuses in the following LAC cities: Mexico City (Mexico), Santo Domingo (Dominican Republic), San Juan (Puerto Rico), Bogotá (Colombia), Guayaquil (Ecuador), Manaus (Brazil), Lima (Perú), Santiago (Chile), São Paulo (Brazil) and Buenos Aires (Argentina). The results show that average temperature, minimum temperature, and air quality were significantly associated with the spread of COVID-19 in LAC. Additionally, humidity, wind speed and rainfall showed a significant relationship with daily cases, total cases and mortality for various cities. Income inequality and poverty levels were also considered as a variable for qualitative analysis. Our findings suggest that and income inequality and poverty levels in the cities analyzed were related to the spread of COVID-19 positive and negative, respectively. These results might help decision-makers to design future strategies to tackle the spread of COVID-19 in LAC and around the world.
Tomás R. Bolaño-Ortiz; Yiniva Camargo Caicedo; Salvador Enrique Puliafito; María Florencia Ruggeri; Sindy Bolaño-Diaz; Romina Pascual-Flores; Jorge Saturno; Sergio Ibarra-Espinosa; Olga L. Mayol-Bracero; Elvis Torres-Delgado; Francisco Cereceda-Balic. Spread of SARS-CoV-2 through Latin America and the Caribbean region: A look from its economic conditions, climate and air pollution indicators. Environmental Research 2020, 191, 109938 -109938.
AMA StyleTomás R. Bolaño-Ortiz, Yiniva Camargo Caicedo, Salvador Enrique Puliafito, María Florencia Ruggeri, Sindy Bolaño-Diaz, Romina Pascual-Flores, Jorge Saturno, Sergio Ibarra-Espinosa, Olga L. Mayol-Bracero, Elvis Torres-Delgado, Francisco Cereceda-Balic. Spread of SARS-CoV-2 through Latin America and the Caribbean region: A look from its economic conditions, climate and air pollution indicators. Environmental Research. 2020; 191 ():109938-109938.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTomás R. Bolaño-Ortiz; Yiniva Camargo Caicedo; Salvador Enrique Puliafito; María Florencia Ruggeri; Sindy Bolaño-Diaz; Romina Pascual-Flores; Jorge Saturno; Sergio Ibarra-Espinosa; Olga L. Mayol-Bracero; Elvis Torres-Delgado; Francisco Cereceda-Balic. 2020. "Spread of SARS-CoV-2 through Latin America and the Caribbean region: A look from its economic conditions, climate and air pollution indicators." Environmental Research 191, no. : 109938-109938.
Global monitoring of Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) has allowed the knowledge of levels and distribution around the world as well as the understanding of its transport through the atmosphere. However, there are still some gaps in this regard, especially in some locations, as the case of Great Mendoza, a medium-sized urban area located in the center-west of Argentina. In this work, the WRF/CALMET/CALPUFF modeling system was used to estimate airborne levels of four families of POPs (PCBs, PBDEs, DDTs and HCB) in the study area. The model was validated from measured data obtained from eleven sites using passive air samplers with polyurethane foam disks (PUFs), subsequently analyzed by GC-ECNI/MS. Considering both sets of data, measured and simulated airborne concentrations, five statistical performance metrics were calculated for each family of POP [Mean bias error, (MBE), Fractional Bias (FB), Normalized Mean Square Error (NMSE), Factor of two (Fa2) and Pearson correlation coefficient (r)]. Results exhibited a good agreement between modeled and measured data, showing that WRF/CALMET/CALPUFF modeling system predicts POPs airborne concentrations with reasonable accuracy at a local scale. Model output was used to examine the relative source contribution to ground-level concentrations and to assess the spatial variability of the studied POPs in the study area. Source apportionment showed the prevalence of emissions from open burning of municipal solid waste (ranging from 9% to 90%) on the simulated atmospheric concentrations. HCB presented the lowest mean contribution from this activity (37%) but the highest variability (SD = 20%), followed by PCBs (69 ± 9%), and PBDEs (84 ± 4%). The spatial pattern obtained from simulations exhibited that both, lowest and highest levels predicted by the model, occurred in areas where no samples were taken, suggesting that the real gradient in the POPs air concentrations would be much greater than those reflected by measured data. This work highlights the usefulness of the implementation of an atmospheric dispersion model, not only in the study of air quality and exposure levels but also as a tool for the proper design of monitoring networks, taking into account the time and cost that sampling campaigns take, and the conclusions that are intended to be made from the analysis of the obtained data.
Maria Florencia Ruggeri; N.B. Lana; Jorgelina Altamirano; S.E. Puliafito. Spatial distribution, patterns and source contributions of POPs in the atmosphere of Great Mendoza using the WRF/CALMET/CALPUFF modelling system. Emerging Contaminants 2020, 6, 103 -113.
AMA StyleMaria Florencia Ruggeri, N.B. Lana, Jorgelina Altamirano, S.E. Puliafito. Spatial distribution, patterns and source contributions of POPs in the atmosphere of Great Mendoza using the WRF/CALMET/CALPUFF modelling system. Emerging Contaminants. 2020; 6 ():103-113.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaria Florencia Ruggeri; N.B. Lana; Jorgelina Altamirano; S.E. Puliafito. 2020. "Spatial distribution, patterns and source contributions of POPs in the atmosphere of Great Mendoza using the WRF/CALMET/CALPUFF modelling system." Emerging Contaminants 6, no. : 103-113.
This data article provides an extensive and complete description of the high spatial resolution inventory (HSRI) estimation shown in the article “High resolution inventory of atmospheric emissions from livestock production, agriculture, and biomass burning sectors of Argentina” Puliafito et al. [1], and its comparison with several sectors in Argentina. The dataset provided are high-resolution inventories (0.025° × 0.025° lat/long) for CO2, CH4, N2O and another 8 species from livestock, biomass burning, agriculture and another 12 sectors (based on 2016 year). In addition, we also provide the database for 2014 using the same methodology. The dataset presented are necessary to improve input inventories for air quality models. Also, they are better to inform and guide the stakeholders, in making decisions related to environmental protection and health promotion, as well as assessing the environmental performance in terms of atmospheric emissions of an activity, sector or region in Argentina.
Salvador Enrique Puliafito; Tomás Rafael Bolaño-Ortiz; Lucas Luciano Berná Peña; Romina María Pascual-Flores. Dataset supporting the estimation and analysis of high spatial resolution inventories of atmospheric emissions from several sectors in Argentina. Data in Brief 2020, 29, 105281 .
AMA StyleSalvador Enrique Puliafito, Tomás Rafael Bolaño-Ortiz, Lucas Luciano Berná Peña, Romina María Pascual-Flores. Dataset supporting the estimation and analysis of high spatial resolution inventories of atmospheric emissions from several sectors in Argentina. Data in Brief. 2020; 29 ():105281.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSalvador Enrique Puliafito; Tomás Rafael Bolaño-Ortiz; Lucas Luciano Berná Peña; Romina María Pascual-Flores. 2020. "Dataset supporting the estimation and analysis of high spatial resolution inventories of atmospheric emissions from several sectors in Argentina." Data in Brief 29, no. : 105281.
Changes in snow albedo (SA) on the Limari, Choapá, Aconcagua and Maipo basins of the Central Andes of Chile (CAC) are associated with the possible deposition of light-absorbing particles in the austral spring. We correlate SA with daily data of snow cover, aerosol optical depth (AOD) and land surface temperature (LST) available from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) onboard the NASA Terra satellite between 2000 and 2016, and other derived parameters such as days after albedo (DAS) and snow precipitation (SP). We used satellite pixels with 100% snow cover to obtain monthly average value of SA, LST, AOD, DAS and SP from September to November performing multiple regression analysis. We show that in Maipo, after considering LST, AOD represents an important role in changes induced to SA. The multiple regression model illustrates that AOD increases can reduce the SA during spring months by 13.59, 0.01, 0.77 and 3.8% in Limari, Choapá, Aconcagua and Maipo, respectively. In addition, we used a numerical prediction Weather Research and Forecasting model coupled with Chemistry (WRF-Chem), showing that the black carbon distribution and average daily AOD are associated with the SA decrease of 0.15 in the Maipo basin between September 29 and 30, 2016. The WRF-Chem output showed aerosols are transported mainly with dominating westerly winds to the Limari and Maipo basins. Our results further suggest that SA decrease due to AOD may be originated in the largest industrial and urban areas in Chile, producing a negative impact on the hydrological resource, generated in the CAC.
Tomás Rafael Bolaño-Ortiz; Romina María Pascual-Flores; Ana Isabel López-Noreña; María Florencia Ruggeri; Susan Gabriela Lakkis; Rafael Pedro Fernández; Salvador Enrique Puliafito. Assessment of absorbing aerosols on austral spring snow albedo reduction by several basins in the Central Andes of Chile from daily satellite observations (2000–2016) and a case study with the WRF-Chem model. SN Applied Sciences 2019, 1, 1352 .
AMA StyleTomás Rafael Bolaño-Ortiz, Romina María Pascual-Flores, Ana Isabel López-Noreña, María Florencia Ruggeri, Susan Gabriela Lakkis, Rafael Pedro Fernández, Salvador Enrique Puliafito. Assessment of absorbing aerosols on austral spring snow albedo reduction by several basins in the Central Andes of Chile from daily satellite observations (2000–2016) and a case study with the WRF-Chem model. SN Applied Sciences. 2019; 1 (11):1352.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTomás Rafael Bolaño-Ortiz; Romina María Pascual-Flores; Ana Isabel López-Noreña; María Florencia Ruggeri; Susan Gabriela Lakkis; Rafael Pedro Fernández; Salvador Enrique Puliafito. 2019. "Assessment of absorbing aerosols on austral spring snow albedo reduction by several basins in the Central Andes of Chile from daily satellite observations (2000–2016) and a case study with the WRF-Chem model." SN Applied Sciences 1, no. 11: 1352.
This study presents a 2014 high-resolution spatially disaggregated emission inventory (0.025° × 0.025° horizontal resolution), of the main activities in the energy sector in Argentina. The sub-sectors considered are public generation of electricity, oil refineries, cement production, transport (maritime, air, rail and road), residential and commercial. The following pollutants were included: greenhouse gases (CO2, CH4, N2O), ozone precursors (CO, NOx, VOC) and other specific air quality indicators such as SO2, PM10, and PM2.5. This work could contribute to a better geographical allocation of the pollutant sources through census based population maps. Considering the sources of greenhouse gas emissions, the total amount is 144 Tg CO2eq, from which the transportation sector emits 57.8 Tg (40%); followed by electricity generation, with 40.9 Tg (28%); residential + commercial, with 31.24 Tg (22%); and cement and refinery production, with 14.3 Tg (10%). This inventory shows that 49% of the total emissions occur in rural areas: 31% in rural areas of medium population density, 13% in intermediate urban areas and 7% in densely populated urban areas. However, if emissions are analyzed by extension (per square km), the largest impact is observed in medium and densely populated urban areas, reaching more than 20.3 Gg per square km of greenhouse gases, 297 Mg/km2 of ozone precursors gases and 11.5 Mg/km2 of other air quality emissions. A comparison with the EDGAR global emission database shows that, although the total country emissions are similar for several sub sectors and pollutants, its spatial distribution is not applicable to Argentina. The road and residential transport emissions represented by EDGAR result in an overestimation of emissions in rural areas and an underestimation in urban areas, especially in more densely populated areas. EDGAR underestimates 60 Gg of methane emissions from road transport sector and fugitive emissions from refining activities.
S. Enrique Puliafito; David G. Allende; Paula Castesana; Maria Florencia Ruggeri. High-resolution atmospheric emission inventory of the argentine energy sector. Comparison with edgar global emission database. Heliyon 2017, 3, e00489 .
AMA StyleS. Enrique Puliafito, David G. Allende, Paula Castesana, Maria Florencia Ruggeri. High-resolution atmospheric emission inventory of the argentine energy sector. Comparison with edgar global emission database. Heliyon. 2017; 3 (12):e00489.
Chicago/Turabian StyleS. Enrique Puliafito; David G. Allende; Paula Castesana; Maria Florencia Ruggeri. 2017. "High-resolution atmospheric emission inventory of the argentine energy sector. Comparison with edgar global emission database." Heliyon 3, no. 12: e00489.
A proper representation of dust sources is critical to accurately predict atmospheric particle concentration in regional windblown dust simulations. The Weather Research and Forecasting model with Chemistry (WRF/Chem) includes a topographic-based erodibility map originally conceived for global scale modeling, which fails to identify the geographical location of dust sources in many regions of Argentina. Therefore, this study aims at developing a method to obtain a high-resolution erodibility map suitable for regional or local scale modeling using WRF/Chem. We present two independent approaches based on global methods to estimate soil erodibility using satellite retrievals, i.e. topography from the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) and surface reflectance from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS). Simulation results of a severe Zonda wind episode in the arid central-west Argentina serve as bases for the analysis of these methods. Simulated dust concentration at surface level is compared with particulate matter measurements at one site in Mendoza city. In addition, we use satellite aerosol optical depth (AOD) retrievals to investigate model performance in reproducing spatial distribution of dust emissions. The erodibility map based on surface reflectance from MODIS improves the representation of small scale features, and increases the overall dust aerosol loading with respect to the standard map included by default. Simulated concentrations are in good agreement with measurements as well as satellite derived dust spatial distribution.
Pablo Gabriel Cremades; Universidad Nacional De Cuyo (Uncuyo) Facultad De Ciencias Exactas Y Naturales (Fcen); Rafael Pedro Fernández; David Gabriel Allende; Gabriela Celeste Mulena; Salvador Enrique Puliafito; Facultad Regional Mendoza Grupo De Estudios Atmosféricos Y Ambientales; Argentina Consejo Nacional De Investigaciones Científicas Y Técnicas (Conicet). High resolution satellite derived erodibility factors for WRF/Chem windblown dust simulations in Argentina. Atmósfera 2017, 30, 11 -25.
AMA StylePablo Gabriel Cremades, Universidad Nacional De Cuyo (Uncuyo) Facultad De Ciencias Exactas Y Naturales (Fcen), Rafael Pedro Fernández, David Gabriel Allende, Gabriela Celeste Mulena, Salvador Enrique Puliafito, Facultad Regional Mendoza Grupo De Estudios Atmosféricos Y Ambientales, Argentina Consejo Nacional De Investigaciones Científicas Y Técnicas (Conicet). High resolution satellite derived erodibility factors for WRF/Chem windblown dust simulations in Argentina. Atmósfera. 2017; 30 (1):11-25.
Chicago/Turabian StylePablo Gabriel Cremades; Universidad Nacional De Cuyo (Uncuyo) Facultad De Ciencias Exactas Y Naturales (Fcen); Rafael Pedro Fernández; David Gabriel Allende; Gabriela Celeste Mulena; Salvador Enrique Puliafito; Facultad Regional Mendoza Grupo De Estudios Atmosféricos Y Ambientales; Argentina Consejo Nacional De Investigaciones Científicas Y Técnicas (Conicet). 2017. "High resolution satellite derived erodibility factors for WRF/Chem windblown dust simulations in Argentina." Atmósfera 30, no. 1: 11-25.
Salvador Enrique Puliafito; David Allende; Sebastián Pinto; Paula Castesana. High resolution inventory of GHG emissions of the road transport sector in Argentina. Atmospheric Environment 2015, 101, 303 -311.
AMA StyleSalvador Enrique Puliafito, David Allende, Sebastián Pinto, Paula Castesana. High resolution inventory of GHG emissions of the road transport sector in Argentina. Atmospheric Environment. 2015; 101 ():303-311.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSalvador Enrique Puliafito; David Allende; Sebastián Pinto; Paula Castesana. 2015. "High resolution inventory of GHG emissions of the road transport sector in Argentina." Atmospheric Environment 101, no. : 303-311.
This study describes a model to calculate energy consumption and CO
Salvador Puliafito; Fernando Castro; David Allende; Paula Castesana. Mitigation of road transport carbon emissions in Argentina. International Journal of Environment and Pollution 2014, 56, 129 .
AMA StyleSalvador Puliafito, Fernando Castro, David Allende, Paula Castesana. Mitigation of road transport carbon emissions in Argentina. International Journal of Environment and Pollution. 2014; 56 (1/2/3/4):129.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSalvador Puliafito; Fernando Castro; David Allende; Paula Castesana. 2014. "Mitigation of road transport carbon emissions in Argentina." International Journal of Environment and Pollution 56, no. 1/2/3/4: 129.
With the purpose of studying the influence of population dynamics and economic growth on energy consumption and carbon emissions, an endogenous economic growth model is proposed incorporating physical and human capital and using an Agent-Based Model. The model can test different development strategies by identifying the key factors exist-ing at the agent level that may speed up or slow down a given path, and therefore it is an interesting tool to develop and to test mitigation and/or adaptation measures. Favorable scenarios may be possible in societies that encourage invest-ment in human capital through education and technological development, provided that this is accompanied by a reduc-tion in consumption rates and the creation of physical capital by the population. Moreover, this model shows that hu-man capital resulting from education not only raises productivity, but also plays a key role in the development and adoption of new technologies that drive long-term growth.Fil: Castesana, Paula S.. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. Facultad Regional Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Puliafito, Salvador Enrique. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. Facultad Regional de Mendoza; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Mendoza; Argentin
Paula Castesana; Salvador Puliafito. Development of an Agent-Based Model and Its Application to the Estimation of Global Carbon Emissions. Low Carbon Economy 2013, 04, 24 -34.
AMA StylePaula Castesana, Salvador Puliafito. Development of an Agent-Based Model and Its Application to the Estimation of Global Carbon Emissions. Low Carbon Economy. 2013; 04 (04):24-34.
Chicago/Turabian StylePaula Castesana; Salvador Puliafito. 2013. "Development of an Agent-Based Model and Its Application to the Estimation of Global Carbon Emissions." Low Carbon Economy 04, no. 04: 24-34.
Short-term and mid-term projections of energy consumption and carbon emissions raise significant concern about the availability of the necessary energy resources to meet the growing demand and about the impact of emissions on global change. Different macroeconomic models address this issue through global variables, such as gross domestic product, production of goods and services, total population and natural resources extraction. However, the relations among these variables are neither linear nor simple. In an attempt to base said relations on a "bottom-up" perspective, the individual behavior of representative agents of economy, in terms of energy consumption and related carbon emissions, was stud-ied, with particular emphasis on their investment in human capital. It was found that a higher investment in human capital (e.g., education, research) was translated into a better distribution of consumption, with a higher level of energy efficiency and a slight improvement in carbon emissions intensityFil: Castesana, Paula. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. Facultad Regional Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Puliafito, Salvador Enrique. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. Facultad Regional de Mendoza; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Mendoza; Argentin
Paula Castesana; Salvador Enrique Puliafito. Bottom-Up Analysis of Energy Consumption and Carbon Emissions, with Particular Emphasis on Human Capital Investment. Low Carbon Economy 2013, 04, 1 -13.
AMA StylePaula Castesana, Salvador Enrique Puliafito. Bottom-Up Analysis of Energy Consumption and Carbon Emissions, with Particular Emphasis on Human Capital Investment. Low Carbon Economy. 2013; 04 (04):1-13.
Chicago/Turabian StylePaula Castesana; Salvador Enrique Puliafito. 2013. "Bottom-Up Analysis of Energy Consumption and Carbon Emissions, with Particular Emphasis on Human Capital Investment." Low Carbon Economy 04, no. 04: 1-13.
A series of mobile and stationary meteorological measurements were performed in the city of Mendoza, Argentina to study the local influence of green areas on the urban canopy layer heat island effect at the micro scale, during the Austral summer of 2003-2005. These results were associated in representative local climate zones (LCZ), which helped to identify different thermal conditions within the city. The physiologically equivalent temperature index was used to determine the thermal comfort in each LCZ, showing that during daylight, trees and parks improve thermal comfort through shading and evapotranspiration; but at the same time, urban tree corridors delay night cooling by retaining warm air beneath their canopies. Also irrigation showed to positively influence on the extension and intensity of the cooling effect of rural areas and parks. The cooling influence of an urban park spreads out through the neighborhoods for 800 - 1000 m, with an average temperature decrease of 1.3°C during daytime and >4.0°C at nighttime.
Salvador Enrique Puliafito; Fabián Rolando Bochaca; David Gabriel Allende; Rafael Fernandez. Green Areas and Microscale Thermal Comfort in Arid Environments: A Case Study in Mendoza, Argentina. Atmospheric and Climate Sciences 2013, 03, 372 -384.
AMA StyleSalvador Enrique Puliafito, Fabián Rolando Bochaca, David Gabriel Allende, Rafael Fernandez. Green Areas and Microscale Thermal Comfort in Arid Environments: A Case Study in Mendoza, Argentina. Atmospheric and Climate Sciences. 2013; 03 (03):372-384.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSalvador Enrique Puliafito; Fabián Rolando Bochaca; David Gabriel Allende; Rafael Fernandez. 2013. "Green Areas and Microscale Thermal Comfort in Arid Environments: A Case Study in Mendoza, Argentina." Atmospheric and Climate Sciences 03, no. 03: 372-384.