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The aim of this retrospective single-center study was to evaluate which factors, including expression of P-glycoprotein (P-gp), a membrane-bound protein involved in multiple drug resistance, could predict the response to treatment in canine immunosuppressant-responsive enteropathy (IRE). Dogs with IRE or non-responsive enteropathy (NRE) that were examined from 2005 to 2014 were included and were divided into two groups (IRE vs. NRE). Signalment, history, and clinical and laboratory findings were collected. P-glycoprotein immunohistochemistry was carried out on duodenal biopsies of both groups stored in our biobank, and immunophenotyping and molecular clonality were performed on the NRE samples. Ninety-two dogs were enrolled, 73 IRE (79.3%) and 19 NRE (20.7%), with a prevalence of pure breed (78.3% vs. 21.7%) and male dogs (p< 0.001). Factors associated with a worse prognosis were previous treatment with steroids (p = 0.033) and lower serum total protein concentration (p = 0.005). Clonality testing on the NRE duodenal biopsies showed 5/16 clonal responses, assuming a latent undiagnosed lymphoma as a possible cause of the NRE.
Marco Pietra; Giorgia Galiazzo; Francesca Bresciani; Maria Morini; Sara Licarini; Maria Turba; Gianmaria Amaducci; Giuliano Bettini; Federico Fracassi; Fabio Ostanello. Evaluation of Prognostic Factors, including Duodenal P-Glycoprotein Expression, in Canine Chronic Enteropathy. Animals 2021, 11, 2315 .
AMA StyleMarco Pietra, Giorgia Galiazzo, Francesca Bresciani, Maria Morini, Sara Licarini, Maria Turba, Gianmaria Amaducci, Giuliano Bettini, Federico Fracassi, Fabio Ostanello. Evaluation of Prognostic Factors, including Duodenal P-Glycoprotein Expression, in Canine Chronic Enteropathy. Animals. 2021; 11 (8):2315.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarco Pietra; Giorgia Galiazzo; Francesca Bresciani; Maria Morini; Sara Licarini; Maria Turba; Gianmaria Amaducci; Giuliano Bettini; Federico Fracassi; Fabio Ostanello. 2021. "Evaluation of Prognostic Factors, including Duodenal P-Glycoprotein Expression, in Canine Chronic Enteropathy." Animals 11, no. 8: 2315.
Severe equine asthma (EA) syndrome is a chronic obstructive disease characterized by exaggerated contraction, inflammation, and structural alteration of the airways in adult horses, when exposed to airborne molds and particulate material. However, little is known about the relationship between the degree and type of inflammation on one hand, and the severity of the disease and the response to treatment on the other. Furthermore, to date, very few studies evaluate the diagnostic value of histology and immunohistochemical features of endoscopic biopsies on subjects with severe equine asthma. To investigate the expression of two inflammatory markers (NKA and IL-8) before, during, and after the exacerbation of severe EA, a histological and immunohistochemical study was carried out on a series of biopsy samples collected by bronchoscopy from six EA-affected horses subjected to process exacerbation through environmental stimuli and then to pharmacological treatment. The application of a histological biopsy scoring system revealed a significant difference between control cases and the EA-affected horses in all experimental phases (asymptomatic, early exacerbation phase, late exacerbation phase, and remission phase). For immunohistochemistry (IHC), only the intensity of NKA positivity increases significantly between control horses and the EA horses at late exacerbation and remission phases. In EA-affected horses, a difference was detected by comparing histology between asymptomatic and remission phase, meanwhile, NKA and IL-8 showed no differences between the experimental phases. Based on these results we can assert that: (1) The endoscopic biopsies generate reliable and homogeneous samples in the entire bronchial tree; (2) the clinical improvement associated with treatment is characterized by a significant worsening of the histological findings; and (3) the NKA immunopositivity seems to increase significantly rather than decrease, as one would have expected, after pharmacological treatment. Further studies are necessary both to implement the number of samples and to use other markers of inflammation to characterize the potential role of cytokines in the diagnosis and therapeutic approach of severe equine asthma.
Maria Morini; Angelo Peli; Riccardo Rinnovati; Giuseppe Magazzù; Noemi Romagnoli; Alessandro Spadari; Marco Pietra. Immunohistochemical Expression of Neurokinin-A and Interleukin-8 in the Bronchial Epithelium of Horses with Severe Equine Asthma Syndrome during Asymptomatic, Exacerbation, and Remission Phase. Animals 2021, 11, 1376 .
AMA StyleMaria Morini, Angelo Peli, Riccardo Rinnovati, Giuseppe Magazzù, Noemi Romagnoli, Alessandro Spadari, Marco Pietra. Immunohistochemical Expression of Neurokinin-A and Interleukin-8 in the Bronchial Epithelium of Horses with Severe Equine Asthma Syndrome during Asymptomatic, Exacerbation, and Remission Phase. Animals. 2021; 11 (5):1376.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaria Morini; Angelo Peli; Riccardo Rinnovati; Giuseppe Magazzù; Noemi Romagnoli; Alessandro Spadari; Marco Pietra. 2021. "Immunohistochemical Expression of Neurokinin-A and Interleukin-8 in the Bronchial Epithelium of Horses with Severe Equine Asthma Syndrome during Asymptomatic, Exacerbation, and Remission Phase." Animals 11, no. 5: 1376.
Endoscopic procedures are widely used in veterinary medicine, and their role in producing transient bacteremia is debatable. The growing issue of antibiotic resistance requires the correct use of antibiotics, avoiding their administration when not strictly necessary. Studies highlighting post-endoscopy bacteremia in veterinary medicine are extremely rare and often involve very few animals. This study describes the results from 74 owned dogs, brought to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital of the Department of Veterinary Medical Science of the University of Bologna, for the purpose of undergoing an endoscopic procedure. Two blood samples were taken from each dog, one before and one after the procedure, in order to assess the incidence of bacteremia linked to endoscopic procedures. Eight dogs were tested positive at the second blood culture with an Incidence Risk (IR) of 10.8%. No statistical differences were found by comparing positive and negative blood cultures with respect to sex, age, weight and anesthesia duration. In addition, no difference was found between airway and digestive tract procedures. The present findings showed that the probability of developing bacteremia after an endoscopic procedure was quite low, and additional studies confirming this are certainly recommended as well as the evaluation of categories of patients potentially considered at risk.
Alba Gaspardo; Maria Chiara Sabetti; Renato Giulio Zanoni; Benedetto Morandi; Giorgia Galiazzo; Domenico Mion; Marco Pietra. Incidence of Bacteremia Consequent to Different Endoscopic Procedures in Dogs: A Preliminary Study. Animals 2020, 10, 2265 .
AMA StyleAlba Gaspardo, Maria Chiara Sabetti, Renato Giulio Zanoni, Benedetto Morandi, Giorgia Galiazzo, Domenico Mion, Marco Pietra. Incidence of Bacteremia Consequent to Different Endoscopic Procedures in Dogs: A Preliminary Study. Animals. 2020; 10 (12):2265.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlba Gaspardo; Maria Chiara Sabetti; Renato Giulio Zanoni; Benedetto Morandi; Giorgia Galiazzo; Domenico Mion; Marco Pietra. 2020. "Incidence of Bacteremia Consequent to Different Endoscopic Procedures in Dogs: A Preliminary Study." Animals 10, no. 12: 2265.
Gastroesophageal reflux (GER) is a common event during general anaesthesia but is often underdiagnosed in veterinary medicine. The oesophageal pH in anaesthetised dogs undergoing endoscopic evaluation of the upper gastrointestinal tract (END group; n = 12) or orthopaedic surgery (ORT group; n = 12) was measured using an oesophageal probe. The dogs were sedated with acepromazine or with methadone or butorphanol, and anaesthesia was induced with propofol and maintained with isoflurane. Of the 24 dogs in this study, 21 (87.5%) had an episode of GER during anaesthesia. The incidence of GER, as well as the first, the minimum, and the maximum pH values, did not differ significantly between the groups. The mean maximum difference versus the first pH value was higher for dogs in the END group (−2.6 ± 3.5) as compared with those in the ORT group (−0.7 ± 2.5), although they were not statistically significant (p = 0.25). The administration of methadone or butorphanol had no significant effect on the development of acidic reflux or biliary reflux. In the acepromazine-sedated dogs, the incidence of GER did not differ significantly between patients undergoing an endoscopic procedure and those undergoing orthopaedic surgery; however, during endoscopy, fluctuations in the oesophageal pH can be expected, even without any clinical signs of GER.
Carlotta Lambertini; Marco Pietra; Giorgia Galiazzo; Francesco Torresan; Stefania Pinna; Luciano Pisoni; Noemi Romagnoli. Incidence of Gastroesophageal Reflux in Dogs Undergoing Orthopaedic Surgery or Endoscopic Evaluation of the Upper Gastrointestinal Tract. Veterinary Sciences 2020, 7, 144 .
AMA StyleCarlotta Lambertini, Marco Pietra, Giorgia Galiazzo, Francesco Torresan, Stefania Pinna, Luciano Pisoni, Noemi Romagnoli. Incidence of Gastroesophageal Reflux in Dogs Undergoing Orthopaedic Surgery or Endoscopic Evaluation of the Upper Gastrointestinal Tract. Veterinary Sciences. 2020; 7 (4):144.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCarlotta Lambertini; Marco Pietra; Giorgia Galiazzo; Francesco Torresan; Stefania Pinna; Luciano Pisoni; Noemi Romagnoli. 2020. "Incidence of Gastroesophageal Reflux in Dogs Undergoing Orthopaedic Surgery or Endoscopic Evaluation of the Upper Gastrointestinal Tract." Veterinary Sciences 7, no. 4: 144.
The increasing incidence of gastrointestinal tract pathologies in dogs and the worrisome topic of antibiotic resistance have raised the need to look for new therapeutic frontiers. Of these, the use of probiotics represents a potential therapeutic alternative. Lactobacillus kefiri (Lk) is a species of Lactobacillus isolated from kefir. Previous studies have demonstrated that its administration in mice downregulates the expression of proinflammatory mediators and increases anti-inflammatory molecules in the gut immune system. It also regulates intestinal homeostasis, incrementing immunoglobulin A (IgA) secretion. Since Lk has never been studied as a single probiotic in dogs, the aim of this study was to evaluate the safety of Lk in dogs, and its effect on IgA secretion and on intestinal microbiota composition. Ten healthy dogs without a history of gastrointestinal diseases were included. The dogs received Lk at a dose of 107 live microorganisms orally, once daily for 30 days. The fecal samples were tested before administration, in the middle, at the end, and 30 days after discontinuation. The IgA secretion concentration and the microbiota composition were evaluated on the fecal samples. The results in this study suggested that Lk did not influence the concentration of IgA, nor significant changes of the intestinal microbiota were observed during and after the treatment. Therefore, additional studies are needed to investigate if a higher daily dosage of Lk can influence the intestinal homeostasis of dogs.
Alba Gaspardo; Augusta Zannoni; Silvia Turroni; Monica Barone; Maria Chiara Sabetti; Renato Giulio Zanoni; Monica Forni; Patrizia Brigidi; Marco Pietra. Influence of Lactobacillus kefiri on Intestinal Microbiota and Fecal IgA Content of Healthy Dogs. Frontiers in Veterinary Science 2020, 7, 1 .
AMA StyleAlba Gaspardo, Augusta Zannoni, Silvia Turroni, Monica Barone, Maria Chiara Sabetti, Renato Giulio Zanoni, Monica Forni, Patrizia Brigidi, Marco Pietra. Influence of Lactobacillus kefiri on Intestinal Microbiota and Fecal IgA Content of Healthy Dogs. Frontiers in Veterinary Science. 2020; 7 ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlba Gaspardo; Augusta Zannoni; Silvia Turroni; Monica Barone; Maria Chiara Sabetti; Renato Giulio Zanoni; Monica Forni; Patrizia Brigidi; Marco Pietra. 2020. "Influence of Lactobacillus kefiri on Intestinal Microbiota and Fecal IgA Content of Healthy Dogs." Frontiers in Veterinary Science 7, no. : 1.
Homocysteine (HCY) was evaluated in healthy and chronic enteropathic dogs, however no studies on dogs with immunosuppressant-responsive enteropathy are available. The aim was to evaluate serum HCY concentrations and its prognostic role in dogs with immunosuppressant-responsive enteropathy compared to healthy dogs. Serum HCY concentration was statistically compared between 24 healthy dogs and 29 dogs with immunosuppressant-responsive enteropathy. Correlation analyses between serum total protein, albumin (ALB), C-reactive protein (CRP), folate and cobalamin, and serum HCY concentration were performed in immunosuppressant-responsive enteropathic dogs. The associations between serum HCY concentration and clinical, histological, endoscopic scores and follow-up were evaluated. Mean serum HCY concentration was higher in immunosuppressant-responsive enteropathic dogs compared to control dogs (30.22 ± 8.67 μmol/L vs. 5.26 ± 2.78 μmol/L; p < 0.0001). No association between serum HCY concentration and total protein, ALB, CRP, folate concentration as well as, clinical score, histological and endoscopic scores was found. A negative correlation between serum HCY concentration and cobalamin was noted (p = 0.0025, r = -0.54). No significant difference in HCY was found between responsive and non-responsive dogs or between survivors and non-survivors. Although, serum HCY concentration was higher in immunosuppressant-responsive enteropathy, its prognostic value remains unclear. However, further prospective, large-scale studies are warranted to better investigate the possible prognostic role of HCY in immunosuppressant-responsive enteropathic dogs.
Elena Benvenuti; Alessio Pierini; Eleonora Gori; Enrico Bottero; Marco Pietra; Ilaria Lippi; Valentina Meucci; Veronica Marchetti. Serum homocysteine concentration in dogs with immunosuppressant-responsive enteropathy. Journal of Veterinary Science 2020, 21, e47 .
AMA StyleElena Benvenuti, Alessio Pierini, Eleonora Gori, Enrico Bottero, Marco Pietra, Ilaria Lippi, Valentina Meucci, Veronica Marchetti. Serum homocysteine concentration in dogs with immunosuppressant-responsive enteropathy. Journal of Veterinary Science. 2020; 21 (4):e47.
Chicago/Turabian StyleElena Benvenuti; Alessio Pierini; Eleonora Gori; Enrico Bottero; Marco Pietra; Ilaria Lippi; Valentina Meucci; Veronica Marchetti. 2020. "Serum homocysteine concentration in dogs with immunosuppressant-responsive enteropathy." Journal of Veterinary Science 21, no. 4: e47.
Background Brachycephalic dogs have abnormal breathing patterns similar to those in humans with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome is associated with dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, and insulin resistance. Despite the fact that anatomic and functional alterations are well described in brachycephalic dogs, little is known about the consequences of upper airway obstruction on systemic inflammatory response and metabolic profile. Objectives To describe history, clinical presentation, and anatomic abnormalities; to evaluate systemic inflammatory response and metabolic profile; and to identify possible associations among clinical signs, anatomic abnormalities, inflammatory response, and metabolic profile in brachycephalic dogs with airway obstruction. Animals Thirty purebred brachycephalic dogs with brachycephalic airway obstructive syndrome (BAOS). Methods Prospective study. The following information was recorded and studied: respiratory and digestive signs, airway and digestive endoscopic anomalies, presence or absence of tracheal hypoplasia, histologic evaluation of gastrointestinal tract biopsy specimens, serum concentrations of C‐reactive protein (CRP), fructosamine, insulin, glucose, triglyceride, cholesterol, and plasma concentrations of lipoprotein classes. Results A high proportion of dogs (76.7%) had gastrointestinal signs. Esophageal deviation, atony of the cardia of the stomach, and distal esophagitis were the most common endoscopic anomalies detected. Twenty‐six (86.6%) dogs had different degrees of laryngeal collapse. Gastrointestinal histologic evaluation identified mostly chronic inflammation. Glucose, fructosamine, triglycerides, cholesterol, CRP, pre‐beta, beta lipoproteins, and chylomicrons were increased to a variable extent. Significant associations among clinical signs, anatomic abnormalities, CRP, and metabolic profile were not found. Conclusion and Clinical Importance Despite the presence of inflammation and some mild metabolic derangements, the clinicopathological variables evaluated did not offer valuable information in dogs with BAOS.
Paola Gianella; Roberta Caccamo; Claudio Bellino; Enrico Bottero; Federica Fietta; Silvia Roncone; Fabio Ostanello; Marco Pietra; Paolo Buracco. Evaluation of metabolic profile and C‐reactive protein concentrations in brachycephalic dogs with upper airway obstructive syndrome. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine 2019, 33, 2183 -2192.
AMA StylePaola Gianella, Roberta Caccamo, Claudio Bellino, Enrico Bottero, Federica Fietta, Silvia Roncone, Fabio Ostanello, Marco Pietra, Paolo Buracco. Evaluation of metabolic profile and C‐reactive protein concentrations in brachycephalic dogs with upper airway obstructive syndrome. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine. 2019; 33 (5):2183-2192.
Chicago/Turabian StylePaola Gianella; Roberta Caccamo; Claudio Bellino; Enrico Bottero; Federica Fietta; Silvia Roncone; Fabio Ostanello; Marco Pietra; Paolo Buracco. 2019. "Evaluation of metabolic profile and C‐reactive protein concentrations in brachycephalic dogs with upper airway obstructive syndrome." Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine 33, no. 5: 2183-2192.
Objectives The aim of the study was to provide a detailed anatomical study of the feline bronchial and vascular structures by using CT angiography (CTA). Methods Adult cats with no respiratory clinical signs were enrolled in a CTA protocol to provide an anatomical study of the thorax. The dimensions, number of branches and branching pattern (monopodial vs dichotomic) of both bronchial and pulmonary vascular structures were evaluated under positive inspiration apnoea. A linear generalised estimating equations analysis (Spearman’s rho) was used to identify statistical correlation between tracheal diameter, age and body weight of the cats. Results Fourteen cats met the inclusion criteria. The pulmonary arteries had larger diameters than the pulmonary veins, and the pulmonary veins had larger diameters than the bronchial structures. A higher number of segmental bronchial and pulmonary vascular branches was observed in the left caudal lung lobe than in the other lobes. The monopodial branching pattern of both bronchial and pulmonary vascular structures was predominant in all cats of our study (100%) in cranial, caudal and right middle lung lobes, while a dichotomic branching pattern of the bronchial and pulmonary vascular structures of the accessory lung lobe was seen in 13 cats (93%). Thirteen cats (93%) had three pulmonary vein ostia, and one cat (7%) also presented with an additional left intermediate pulmonary vein ostium. Variation in the number of segmental pulmonary vein branches was noted in the right caudal lung lobe. There was no statistical correlation between tracheal diameter, age and weight. Conclusions and relevance Architecture of the feline bronchovascularr structures belongs to a mixed type of monopodial and dichotomic branching pattern. In cats, the pulmonary venous drainage system predominately presents three pulmonary vein ostia. Variations in the type of formation and the number of branches of the pulmonary venous drainage system were noted.
Ioannis Panopoulos; Edoardo Auriemma; Swan Specchi; Alessia Diana; Marco Pietra; Anastasia Papastefanou; Eric Zini; Mario Cipone. 64-multidetector CT anatomical assessment of the feline bronchial and pulmonary vascular structures. Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery 2018, 21, 893 -901.
AMA StyleIoannis Panopoulos, Edoardo Auriemma, Swan Specchi, Alessia Diana, Marco Pietra, Anastasia Papastefanou, Eric Zini, Mario Cipone. 64-multidetector CT anatomical assessment of the feline bronchial and pulmonary vascular structures. Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery. 2018; 21 (10):893-901.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIoannis Panopoulos; Edoardo Auriemma; Swan Specchi; Alessia Diana; Marco Pietra; Anastasia Papastefanou; Eric Zini; Mario Cipone. 2018. "64-multidetector CT anatomical assessment of the feline bronchial and pulmonary vascular structures." Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery 21, no. 10: 893-901.
Background Dietary interventions are thought to modify gut microbial communities in healthy individuals. In dogs with chronic enteropathies, resolution of dysbiosis, along with remission of clinical signs, is expected with treatment. Hypothesis/Objective To evaluate changes in the fecal microbiota in dogs with food‐responsive chronic enteropathy (FRE) and in healthy control (HC) dogs before and after an elimination dietary trial with an animal protein‐free diet (APFD). Animals Dogs with FRE (n = 10) and HC (n = 14). Methods Dogs were fed the APFD for 60 days. Fecal microbiota was analyzed by Illumina 16S rRNA sequencing and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results A significantly lower bacterial alpha‐diversity was observed in dogs with FRE compared with HC dogs at baseline, and compared with FRE dogs after the trial. Distinct microbial communities were observed in dogs with FRE at baseline compared with HC dogs at baseline and compared with dogs with FRE after the trial. Microbial communities still were different in FRE dogs after the trial compared with HC dogs at baseline. In HC dogs, the fecal microbiota did not show a significant modification after administration of the APFD. Conclusion and Clinical Importance Our results suggest that, in FRE dogs, treatment with the APFD led to a partial recovery of the fecal microbiota by significantly increasing microbiota richness, which was significantly closer to a healthy microbiota after the treatment. In contrast, no changes were detected in the fecal microbiota of HC dogs fed the same APFD.
Francesca Bresciani; Yasushi Minamoto; Jan S. Suchodolski; Giorgia Galiazzo; Carla G. Vecchiato; Carlo Pinna; Giacomo Biagi; Marco Pietra. Effect of an extruded animal protein-free diet on fecal microbiota of dogs with food-responsive enteropathy. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine 2018, 32, 1903 -1910.
AMA StyleFrancesca Bresciani, Yasushi Minamoto, Jan S. Suchodolski, Giorgia Galiazzo, Carla G. Vecchiato, Carlo Pinna, Giacomo Biagi, Marco Pietra. Effect of an extruded animal protein-free diet on fecal microbiota of dogs with food-responsive enteropathy. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine. 2018; 32 (6):1903-1910.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFrancesca Bresciani; Yasushi Minamoto; Jan S. Suchodolski; Giorgia Galiazzo; Carla G. Vecchiato; Carlo Pinna; Giacomo Biagi; Marco Pietra. 2018. "Effect of an extruded animal protein-free diet on fecal microbiota of dogs with food-responsive enteropathy." Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine 32, no. 6: 1903-1910.
The endocannabinoid system (ECS) is composed of cannabinoid receptors, their endogenous ligands, and the enzymes involved in endocannabinoid turnover. Modulating the activity of the ECS may influence a variety of physiological and pathophysiological processes. A growing body of evidence indicates that activation of cannabinoid receptors by endogenous, plant-derived, or synthetic cannabinoids may exert beneficial effects on gastrointestinal inflammation and visceral pain. The present ex vivo study aimed to investigate immunohistochemically the distribution of cannabinoid receptors CB1, CB2, G protein-coupled receptor 55 (GPR55), and peroxisome proliferation activation receptor alpha (PPARα) in the canine gastrointestinal tract. CB1 receptor immunoreactivity was observed in the lamina propria and epithelial cells. CB2 receptor immunoreactivity was expressed by lamina propria mast cells and immunocytes, blood vessels, and smooth muscle cells. Faint CB2 receptor immunoreactivity was also observed in neurons and glial cells of the submucosal plexus. GPR55 receptor immunoreactivity was expressed by lamina propria macrophages and smooth muscle cells. PPARα receptor immunoreactivity was expressed by blood vessels, smooth muscle cells, and glial cells of the myenteric plexus. Cannabinoid receptors showed a wide distribution in the gastrointestinal tract of the dog. Since cannabinoid receptors have a protective role in inflammatory bowel disease, the present research provides an anatomical basis supporting the therapeutic use of cannabinoid receptor agonists in relieving motility disorders and visceral hypersensitivity in canine acute or chronic enteropathies.
Giorgia Galiazzo; Fiorella Giancola; Agnese Stanzani; Federico Fracassi; Chiara Bernardini; Monica Forni; Marco Pietra; Roberto Chiocchetti. Localization of cannabinoid receptors CB1, CB2, GPR55, and PPARα in the canine gastrointestinal tract. Histochemistry and Cell Biology 2018, 150, 187 -205.
AMA StyleGiorgia Galiazzo, Fiorella Giancola, Agnese Stanzani, Federico Fracassi, Chiara Bernardini, Monica Forni, Marco Pietra, Roberto Chiocchetti. Localization of cannabinoid receptors CB1, CB2, GPR55, and PPARα in the canine gastrointestinal tract. Histochemistry and Cell Biology. 2018; 150 (2):187-205.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGiorgia Galiazzo; Fiorella Giancola; Agnese Stanzani; Federico Fracassi; Chiara Bernardini; Monica Forni; Marco Pietra; Roberto Chiocchetti. 2018. "Localization of cannabinoid receptors CB1, CB2, GPR55, and PPARα in the canine gastrointestinal tract." Histochemistry and Cell Biology 150, no. 2: 187-205.
A 7-year-old intact male Rottweiler dog was evaluated for recurrent dysphagia and regurgitation. Physical examination was unremarkable and routine blood works were within normal limits. Computed tomography revealed a defined lesion in the caudal mediastinum arising from the oesophagus. The lesion was excised using intercostal thoracotomy and the histological diagnosis was oesophageal duplication cyst. The dog recovered uneventfully and at a 3-year follow-up no clinical signs were reported. Although extremely rare, oesophageal duplication cysts should be considered in the differential diagnosis in cases of chronic regurgitation and dysphagia associated with evidence of an oesophageal lesion.
A. Foglia; S. Del Magno; M. Pietra; V. Cola; M. Joechler; Maria Morini; L. Pisoni. Surgical treatment of a thoracic oesophageal duplication cyst causing recurrent dysphagia in an adult dog. Veterinární Medicína 2018, 63, 175 -180.
AMA StyleA. Foglia, S. Del Magno, M. Pietra, V. Cola, M. Joechler, Maria Morini, L. Pisoni. Surgical treatment of a thoracic oesophageal duplication cyst causing recurrent dysphagia in an adult dog. Veterinární Medicína. 2018; 63 (No. 4):175-180.
Chicago/Turabian StyleA. Foglia; S. Del Magno; M. Pietra; V. Cola; M. Joechler; Maria Morini; L. Pisoni. 2018. "Surgical treatment of a thoracic oesophageal duplication cyst causing recurrent dysphagia in an adult dog." Veterinární Medicína 63, no. No. 4: 175-180.
The domestic cat (Felis catus) was used as a sentinel of exposure to polychlorobiphenyls (PCBs) in indoor urban environments y. Sera from 120 cats were pooled to form 30 different groups selected by age ( 2 ≤ 8 years; > 8 years), sex, municipality (Bologna and Turin) and environment (indoor vs. outdoor). Test portions of 1 mL were analyzed by means of gas chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry (GC-HRMS) for six selected indicators non-dioxin-like PCBs (∑6 PCBs: congeners #28, #52, #101, #132, #153 and #180) and the results were computed in the upper-bound mode. The internal dose of PCBs attributable to the cats' alimentary lipid intake ranged from 32.4 to 1,446 ng/g (P50 165; mean 258). The Wilcoxon test revealed significantly lower PCB burden in “outdoor” groups than in “indoor” groups. Age correlated well with the heptachlorinated and most bio-accumulative congener, PCB #180, and slightly with hexachlorinated PCBs #138 and #153. Contamination attributable to house dust collected in 15 living-rooms ranged from 10.0 to 279 ng/g dry weight (P50 97.4; mean 94.4). Exposure estimates indicated a 0.6–16 ng/kg bw range of daily ∑6 PCB intake from a default value of 200 mg/cat of dust ingestion. The intake of PCBs due to dust ingestion fell within the same order of magnitude as that computed from a 60 g daily intake of commercial dry pet foods, while inhalation accounted for 0.21–8.2 ng/kg bw/day, on setting the nominal ∑6 PCB contamination in outdoor and indoor air at 0.37 and 15 ng/m3, respectively. Italian indoor cats could be exposed to higher levels of ∑6 PCBs than the Reference Dose (RfD) of 10 ng/kg/bw/day; this supports the World Health Organization's statement that the quality of the indoor environment is a major determinant of health.
Francesco Paolo Serpe; Filomena Fiorito; Mauro Esposito; Angelo Ferrari; Federico Fracassi; Roberto Miniero; Marco Pietra; Paola Roncada; Gianfranco Brambilla. Polychlorobiphenyl levels in the serum of cats from residential flats in Italy: Role of the indoor environment. Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A 2018, 53, 777 -785.
AMA StyleFrancesco Paolo Serpe, Filomena Fiorito, Mauro Esposito, Angelo Ferrari, Federico Fracassi, Roberto Miniero, Marco Pietra, Paola Roncada, Gianfranco Brambilla. Polychlorobiphenyl levels in the serum of cats from residential flats in Italy: Role of the indoor environment. Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A. 2018; 53 (9):777-785.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFrancesco Paolo Serpe; Filomena Fiorito; Mauro Esposito; Angelo Ferrari; Federico Fracassi; Roberto Miniero; Marco Pietra; Paola Roncada; Gianfranco Brambilla. 2018. "Polychlorobiphenyl levels in the serum of cats from residential flats in Italy: Role of the indoor environment." Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A 53, no. 9: 777-785.
Saccharomyces boulardii is used to treat acute and chronic enteropathies in humans, but to date, no studies have evaluated the use of this yeast in dogs. The current study, a prospective non-randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study, evaluated the effects of S boulardii in healthy dogs and dogs with chronic enteropathies (CE). Four healthy dogs and 20 dogs with CE were included. In healthy dogs, S boulardii was administered for 10 days. Possible short-term adverse effects were recorded, and quantitative stool cultures for yeasts were performed. In dogs with CE, S boulardii or a placebo was administered in addition to standard treatment protocols. Canine Chronic Enteropathy Clinical Activity Index, abdominal ultrasonography, gastroenteroscopy and histology were performed at the time of diagnosis and after 60 days of treatment. In healthy dogs, S boulardii reached a steady state in five days and was completely eliminated on day 4 after administration. No short-term side effects were seen. Clinical activity index, stool frequency, stool consistency and body condition score improved significantly in dogs with CE receiving S boulardii versus the placebo. In conclusion, S boulardii can be safely used in dogs with CE and seems to achieve better control of clinical signs than standard therapy alone.
Simona D'Angelo; Federico Fracassi; Francesca Bresciani; Roberta Galuppi; Alessia Diana; Nikolina Linta; Giuliano Bettini; Maria Morini; Marco Pietra. Effect of Saccharomyces boulardii in dogs with chronic enteropathies: double-blinded, placebo-controlled study. Veterinary Record 2018, 182, 258 -258.
AMA StyleSimona D'Angelo, Federico Fracassi, Francesca Bresciani, Roberta Galuppi, Alessia Diana, Nikolina Linta, Giuliano Bettini, Maria Morini, Marco Pietra. Effect of Saccharomyces boulardii in dogs with chronic enteropathies: double-blinded, placebo-controlled study. Veterinary Record. 2018; 182 (9):258-258.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSimona D'Angelo; Federico Fracassi; Francesca Bresciani; Roberta Galuppi; Alessia Diana; Nikolina Linta; Giuliano Bettini; Maria Morini; Marco Pietra. 2018. "Effect of Saccharomyces boulardii in dogs with chronic enteropathies: double-blinded, placebo-controlled study." Veterinary Record 182, no. 9: 258-258.
A 35-month-old female German shepherd weighing 33.2 kg was referred to our department with a 10-month history of sneezing and left nasal swelling. On clinical examination, the dog showed deformity of the left nasal plane in the absence of any cutaneous lesions or nasal discharge, and presented with nasal snoring noises during both the inspiratory and expiratory phases. The patency of nasal cavities was evaluated using the cotton swab test, and was found to be preserved only on the right side. Endoscopic, radiographic and computed tomographic examination revealed an osteoproductive lesion that distorted the nasal, maxillar and frontal bones, completely occupying the left nasal cavity and frontal sinuses, resulting in destruction of the nasal septum and invasion of the contralateral nasal cavity. Five bioptic samples of the mass were collected from the cutaneous surface using a 9G Jamshidi bone marrow bioptic instrument. Histologically, the lesion consisted of a non-encapsulated, multilobulated mass composed of dense coalescing trabeculae of well-differentiated bone, which was lined by osteogenic cells. The morphology was suggestive of nasal osteoma. Due to the large size of the mass, evidenced by computed tomography, chronic systemic nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory treatment with carprofen was proposed instead of surgery. The description of this case is useful for veterinarians, who should consider osteoma as a possible differential diagnosis for nasal tumours.
G. Galiazzo; M. Pietra; D. Tinto; N. Linta; Maria Morini; O. Capitani. A rare case of nasal osteoma in a dog: a case report. Veterinární Medicína 2017, 62, 614 -619.
AMA StyleG. Galiazzo, M. Pietra, D. Tinto, N. Linta, Maria Morini, O. Capitani. A rare case of nasal osteoma in a dog: a case report. Veterinární Medicína. 2017; 62 (No. 11):614-619.
Chicago/Turabian StyleG. Galiazzo; M. Pietra; D. Tinto; N. Linta; Maria Morini; O. Capitani. 2017. "A rare case of nasal osteoma in a dog: a case report." Veterinární Medicína 62, no. No. 11: 614-619.
In the gastrointestinal tract, the tachykinin Substance P (SP) is involved in motility, fluid and electrolyte secretion, and blood flow and regulation of immunoinflammatory response. SP exerts its biological activity on target cells by interacting mainly with the neurokinin-1 receptor (NKR). The present study aims to quantify the percentage of SP-immunoreactive (SP-IR) enteric neurons and the density of SP-IR nerve fibers in the ileum of control dogs (CTRL-dogs; n=7) vs dogs with spontaneous ileal inflammation (INF-dogs; n=8). In addition, the percentage of enteric neurons bearing NKR, and nitrergic neurons (nNOS-IR) expressing NKR immunoreactivity were evaluated in both groups. The percentages of SP-IR neurons were similar in CTRL- and INF-dogs, in either the myenteric (MP) (15±8% vs. 16±7%, respectively) and submucosal plexus (SMP) (26±7% vs. 24±14%, respectively). In INF-dogs, the density of SP-IR mucosal nerve fibers showed a trend to decrease (P=0.07). Myenteric neurons of CTRL- and INF-dogs expressed similar percentages of NKR-immunoreactivity (39±5% vs. 38±20%, respectively). Submucosal NKR-IR neurons were occasionally observed in a CTRL-dog. MP nitrergic neurons bearing NKR showed a trend to decrease in INF-dogs vs. CTRL- dogs (41±22% vs. 65±10%, respectively; P=0.11). In INF-dogs, muscle cells and immune cells overexpressed NKR immunoreactivity. These findings should be taken as a warning for possible intestinal motility disorders, which might occur during administration of NKR-antagonist drugs. Conversely, the strong expression of NKR immunoreactivity observed in muscle and mucosal immune cells of inflamed tissues may provide a rationale for the use of NKR antagonist drugs in the treatment of intestinal inflammation.
Giulia Polidoro; Fiorella Giancola; Federico Fracassi; Marco Pietra; Giuliano Bettini; Martina Asti; Roberto Chiocchetti. Substance P and the neurokinin-1 receptor expression in dog ileum with and without inflammation. Research in Veterinary Science 2017, 114, 297 -307.
AMA StyleGiulia Polidoro, Fiorella Giancola, Federico Fracassi, Marco Pietra, Giuliano Bettini, Martina Asti, Roberto Chiocchetti. Substance P and the neurokinin-1 receptor expression in dog ileum with and without inflammation. Research in Veterinary Science. 2017; 114 ():297-307.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGiulia Polidoro; Fiorella Giancola; Federico Fracassi; Marco Pietra; Giuliano Bettini; Martina Asti; Roberto Chiocchetti. 2017. "Substance P and the neurokinin-1 receptor expression in dog ileum with and without inflammation." Research in Veterinary Science 114, no. : 297-307.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the suitability of synthetic bitch sex pheromones (Eau’ De Estrus®, Synbiotics USA) for the stimulation of the reproductive reflexes in adult male dogs. In experiment I: anoestral bitches were applied synthetic (n=6) or natural (n=6) pheromones and their attractiveness was compared to the attractiveness of bitches in natural oestrus, In experiment II: swabs socked in natural estrual discharge or Eau D’Estrus were presented to male dogs and behavioral arousal (Exp. II a) and changes in blood flow in the penile artery reflecting erection (Exp. II b) were recorded. In experiment III the time dedicated for sniffing in experimental dogs was analyzed in relation to the type of attractant presented (natural estrual discharge or Eau D’Estrus). In all three experiments we observed the signs of sexual arousal, increased blood flow in the penile artery and increased time of sniffing only with natural pheromones. No signs of excitation or changes in penis perfusion were noted after the use of artificial pheromones. Our results did not support the suitability of Eau D’Estrus for male dog sexual stimulation.
M. Dzięcioł; Wojciech Niżański; T. Jezierski; Antoni Szumny; E.J. Godzińska; Małgorzata Ochota; E. Stańczyk; L. Najder-Kozdrowska; M. Woszczyło; B. Pieczewska; P. Gianella; M. Pietra; P.E. Crisi; P. Famigli Bergamini; F. Fracassi; Maria Morini; A. Boari. The Efficiency of Synthetic Sex Pheromones in Sexual Arousal Stimulation in Domestic Dogs. Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences 2017, 20, 429 -437.
AMA StyleM. Dzięcioł, Wojciech Niżański, T. Jezierski, Antoni Szumny, E.J. Godzińska, Małgorzata Ochota, E. Stańczyk, L. Najder-Kozdrowska, M. Woszczyło, B. Pieczewska, P. Gianella, M. Pietra, P.E. Crisi, P. Famigli Bergamini, F. Fracassi, Maria Morini, A. Boari. The Efficiency of Synthetic Sex Pheromones in Sexual Arousal Stimulation in Domestic Dogs. Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences. 2017; 20 (3):429-437.
Chicago/Turabian StyleM. Dzięcioł; Wojciech Niżański; T. Jezierski; Antoni Szumny; E.J. Godzińska; Małgorzata Ochota; E. Stańczyk; L. Najder-Kozdrowska; M. Woszczyło; B. Pieczewska; P. Gianella; M. Pietra; P.E. Crisi; P. Famigli Bergamini; F. Fracassi; Maria Morini; A. Boari. 2017. "The Efficiency of Synthetic Sex Pheromones in Sexual Arousal Stimulation in Domestic Dogs." Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences 20, no. 3: 429-437.
Heat stress has a major impact on veal calves welfare and productivity. Prolonged exposure to warm temperature is associated with several alterations of physiologic processes and increased systemic inflammation and oxidative stress. Bovine serum albumin (BSA) is the most abundant plasma protein and, besides the regulation of osmotic pressure, carries several additional functions, including antioxidant, immunomodulatory, binding and transport activities. Such non-oncotic properties are closely related to structural integrity of the circulating molecule and may be compromised in stressful microenvironments as it occurs in heat stressed animals. Thus, in the present study we developed and validated an LC-MS analytical technique for the characterization of circulating BSA microheterogeneity in veal calves exposed to heat stress. The method was specifically tailored to the structural characteristics of the BSA molecule as well as to the complexity of the biological samples, allowing the identification of several BSA isoforms, each characterized by a specific structural defect. The mass spectrometry based approach enabled the identification of BSA isoforms with reversible and irreversible oxidation and/or glycation and the native BSA, the only isoform endowed with structural and functional integrity. We found that, in veal calves, heat stress is associated to a significant reduction of the native BSA and to a significant increment of the reversibly and irreversibly oxidized BSA. Then, by monitoring the BSA microheterogeneity over a period of moderate heat stress, we found that the native BSA as well as the glycated BSA increased significantly during the recovery period. Based on our results the analysis of the BSA microheterogeneity could represent a novel biomarker for the assessment of animal welfare during environmental stressful conditions.
Maurizio Baldassarre; Marina Naldi; Marco Domenicali; Sabrina Volo; Marco Pietra; Francesco Dondi; Paolo Caraceni; Angelo Peli. Simple and rapid LC–MS method for the determination of circulating albumin microheterogeneity in veal calves exposed to heat stress. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis 2017, 144, 263 -268.
AMA StyleMaurizio Baldassarre, Marina Naldi, Marco Domenicali, Sabrina Volo, Marco Pietra, Francesco Dondi, Paolo Caraceni, Angelo Peli. Simple and rapid LC–MS method for the determination of circulating albumin microheterogeneity in veal calves exposed to heat stress. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis. 2017; 144 ():263-268.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaurizio Baldassarre; Marina Naldi; Marco Domenicali; Sabrina Volo; Marco Pietra; Francesco Dondi; Paolo Caraceni; Angelo Peli. 2017. "Simple and rapid LC–MS method for the determination of circulating albumin microheterogeneity in veal calves exposed to heat stress." Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis 144, no. : 263-268.
The aim of the present study was to investigate the differences in the characteristics of short- and long-term surviving dogs with protein-losing enteropathy (PLE) and to identify factors that predict its outcome. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 59 client- owned dogs with PLE diagnosed at three different hospitals between January 2009 and November 2013. The dogs were classified as either short-term (= 6 months; STs) or long-term (> 6 months; LTs) survivors. Clinical and clinicopathological variables were investigated between the groups and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed. Nineteen dogs were classified as STs and 40 as LTs. Body weight and blood urea nitrogen concentrations were significantly higher in the STs at diagnosis (P < 0.05). At 1 month after initiation of immunosuppressive therapy (data- driven cut-off, T1), chronic canine enteropathy clinical activity index (CCECAI) scores were higher (P < 0.01) and albumin, serum total protein and total cholesterol concentrations were lower (P < 0.01) in the STs. ROC curve analysis showed that CCECAI > 5 evaluated at T1 was the best predictor of poor outcome. Although the severity of clinical signs and the majority of clinicopathological findings at diagnosis did not influence the outcome, survival time was shorter in the dogs with high CCECAI scores at T1 and which did not respond to therapy.
P Gianella; U Lotti; Claudio Bellino; F Bresciani; A Cagnasso; F Fracassi; M Pietra; A D'angelo. Clinicopathologic and prognostic factors in short- and long-term surviving dogs with protein-losing enteropathy. Schweiz Arch Tierheilkd 2017, 159, 163 -169.
AMA StyleP Gianella, U Lotti, Claudio Bellino, F Bresciani, A Cagnasso, F Fracassi, M Pietra, A D'angelo. Clinicopathologic and prognostic factors in short- and long-term surviving dogs with protein-losing enteropathy. Schweiz Arch Tierheilkd. 2017; 159 (3):163-169.
Chicago/Turabian StyleP Gianella; U Lotti; Claudio Bellino; F Bresciani; A Cagnasso; F Fracassi; M Pietra; A D'angelo. 2017. "Clinicopathologic and prognostic factors in short- and long-term surviving dogs with protein-losing enteropathy." Schweiz Arch Tierheilkd 159, no. 3: 163-169.
Spinal walking (SW) is described as the acquisition of an involuntary motor function in paraplegic dogs and cats without pain perception affected by a thoracolumbar lesion. Whereas spinal locomotion is well described in cats that underwent training trials after experimental spinal cord resection, less consistent information is available for dogs. Paraplegic dogs affected by a thoracolumbar complete spinal cord lesion undergoing intensive physical rehabilitation could acquire an autonomous SW gait under field conditions. Eighty-one acute paraplegic thoracolumbar dogs without pelvic limb pain perception. Retrospective study of medical records of dogs selected for intensive rehabilitation treatment in paraplegic dogs with absence of pain perception on admission and during the whole treatment. Binary regression and multivariate logistic regression were used to analyze potential associations with the development of SW. Autonomous SW was achieved in 48 dogs (59%). Median time to achieve SW was of 75.5 days (range: 16–350 days). On univariate analysis, SW gait was associated with younger age (P = .002) and early start of physiotherapy (P = .024). Multivariate logistic regression showed that younger age (≤60 months) and lightweight (≤7.8 kg) were positively associated with development of SW (P = .012 and P < .001, respectively). BCS, full-time hospitalization, and type and site of the lesion were not significantly associated with development of SW. Dogs with irreversible thoracolumbar lesion undergoing intensive physiotherapic treatment can acquire SW. Younger age and lightweight are positively associated with the development of SW gait.
A. Gallucci; L. Dragone; M. Menchetti; T. Gagliardo; Marco Pietra; M. Cardinali; Gualtiero Gandini. Acquisition of Involuntary Spinal Locomotion (Spinal Walking) in Dogs with Irreversible Thoracolumbar Spinal Cord Lesion: 81 Dogs. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine 2017, 31, 492 -497.
AMA StyleA. Gallucci, L. Dragone, M. Menchetti, T. Gagliardo, Marco Pietra, M. Cardinali, Gualtiero Gandini. Acquisition of Involuntary Spinal Locomotion (Spinal Walking) in Dogs with Irreversible Thoracolumbar Spinal Cord Lesion: 81 Dogs. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine. 2017; 31 (2):492-497.
Chicago/Turabian StyleA. Gallucci; L. Dragone; M. Menchetti; T. Gagliardo; Marco Pietra; M. Cardinali; Gualtiero Gandini. 2017. "Acquisition of Involuntary Spinal Locomotion (Spinal Walking) in Dogs with Irreversible Thoracolumbar Spinal Cord Lesion: 81 Dogs." Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine 31, no. 2: 492-497.
Open Access Agricultural Journals published by Institute of Agricultural Economics and Information
M Pietra; L Pisoni; N Linta; S Pinna; N Romagnoli; A Diana. Endoscopy-assisted tracheal reconstruction of post-traumatic obstruction in a cat: a case report. Veterinární Medicína 2016, 60, 341 -344.
AMA StyleM Pietra, L Pisoni, N Linta, S Pinna, N Romagnoli, A Diana. Endoscopy-assisted tracheal reconstruction of post-traumatic obstruction in a cat: a case report. Veterinární Medicína. 2016; 60 (No. 6):341-344.
Chicago/Turabian StyleM Pietra; L Pisoni; N Linta; S Pinna; N Romagnoli; A Diana. 2016. "Endoscopy-assisted tracheal reconstruction of post-traumatic obstruction in a cat: a case report." Veterinární Medicína 60, no. No. 6: 341-344.