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Matthieu Dreyer
Power Vision Engineering Sàrl, Rue des Jordils 40, CH-1025 St-Sulpice, Switzerland

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Journal article
Published: 08 July 2021 in Water
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Over the last two decades, the public policies for promoting new renewable energies allowed the growth of such energies around the world. Due to their success, the policies are changing, forcing the producers to adapt their strategy. For instance, in Switzerland, the feed-in tariff system has been modified in 2018 to promote an electricity production from renewable energies that matches the demand. For small hydraulic power plants owners, such a change requires to increase the flexibility of their fleet. The SmallFLEX project, led by HES-SO Valais, aims at demonstrating on the pilot site of Gletsch-Oberwald owned by Forces Motrices Valaisannes SA, the possibilities to increase the flexibility of the power plant and to provide new services. The paper focuses on the methodology followed to warranty the use of the settling basin, the forebay tank, and the third upper part of the headrace tunnel as a new smart storage volume. By combining laboratory tests, numerical simulations, and on-site measurements, the new range of operating conditions has been defined. These data can be used to foresee economic gains. The methodology and the outputs of the project can be useful for performing such a study on other power plants.

ACS Style

Jean Decaix; Anthony Gaspoz; Vlad Hasmatuchi; Matthieu Dreyer; Christophe Nicolet; Steve Crettenand; Cécile Münch-Alligné. Enhanced Operational Flexibility of a Small Run-of-River Hydropower Plant. Water 2021, 13, 1897 .

AMA Style

Jean Decaix, Anthony Gaspoz, Vlad Hasmatuchi, Matthieu Dreyer, Christophe Nicolet, Steve Crettenand, Cécile Münch-Alligné. Enhanced Operational Flexibility of a Small Run-of-River Hydropower Plant. Water. 2021; 13 (14):1897.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jean Decaix; Anthony Gaspoz; Vlad Hasmatuchi; Matthieu Dreyer; Christophe Nicolet; Steve Crettenand; Cécile Münch-Alligné. 2021. "Enhanced Operational Flexibility of a Small Run-of-River Hydropower Plant." Water 13, no. 14: 1897.

Conference paper
Published: 01 June 2021 in IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science
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In Europe, the ambitious goal of targeting at least 64% of electricity production from renewables by 2050 requires some significant increase of power network ancillary services. A general extension of primary/secondary reserves is necessary to cope with the increasing penetration of stochastic renewable energies and maintain the grid vulnerability at acceptable levels. In this context, hydropower plants are called upon to play a major role due to their operational flexibility and ability to provide ancillary services. However, the provision of these services is not without consequences for the plant, as the increase of load variations and start/stop sequences enhances fatigue problems by soliciting the penstocks faster than originally expected. Given that the fatigue wear rate can be 10x higher when ancillary services are active, it is crucial to ensure the fitness-for-service of the penstocks by proper monitoring. Nevertheless, the number of sensors along the hydraulic circuit is often very limited, so that periodic stops of the plant and inspections are necessary to assess the health of the pipes. In this paper, we present how a digital twin of the power plant, namely the Hydro-Clone system, can be used to fill this gap by enabling real-time knowledge of the transient pressures throughout the water conduits. These pressures are correlated to the stress variations using either analytical formula or finite element modelling (FEM), depending on the geometry and embedding conditions of each penstock element. The validity of this approach is demonstrated by comparing the predicted stresses with measured values in the penstock of the 200 MW La Bâtiaz hydropower plant, owned by Electricité d'Emosson SA. To this end, strain gages are mounted at the bottom and top of the penstock, in front of the manifold and on the penstock protection valve. The appropriate conversion of pressure to stress at the strain gage location is derived through the analysis of FEM simulations. This work shows the benefits of using a digital twin for fatigue assessment and paves the way for real-time penstocks fatigue monitoring.

ACS Style

M Dreyer; C Nicolet; A Gaspoz; N Gonçalves; S Rey-Mermet; B Boulicaut. Monitoring 4.0 of penstocks: digital twin for fatigue assessment. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 2021, 774, 012009 .

AMA Style

M Dreyer, C Nicolet, A Gaspoz, N Gonçalves, S Rey-Mermet, B Boulicaut. Monitoring 4.0 of penstocks: digital twin for fatigue assessment. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 2021; 774 (1):012009.

Chicago/Turabian Style

M Dreyer; C Nicolet; A Gaspoz; N Gonçalves; S Rey-Mermet; B Boulicaut. 2021. "Monitoring 4.0 of penstocks: digital twin for fatigue assessment." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 774, no. 1: 012009.

Review
Published: 26 October 2020 in Sustainability
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Hydropower remains a key renewable energy source in the pursuit of the decarbonization of the economy, although the relatively high potential impact of the hydro-morphological alterations it may cause poses significant concerns for aquatic ecosystems. In the last years, new technologies and practices have been increasingly adopted to minimize the impacts of hydropower plants, while improving efficiency and flexibility of energy generation. The overall effect of these innovations may be a more sustainable design and operation of hydropower, striking a better balance between the objectives of decarbonization and ecosystem protection. This contribution presents and discusses a few representative examples of hydropower installations from companies in Italy, France, Switzerland, Belgium and the USA, where solutions have been adopted in this direction. The case studies cover (1) ecologically improved and low head hydropower converters (Vortex turbine, Hydrostatic Pressure Machine, VLH and Girard-optimized turbines, hydrokinetic turbines), hydropeaking reduction (2) new control systems, governors and digitalization, (3) hydropower as a strategy for local sustainable development and (4) energy recovery in existing hydraulic infrastructures and aqueducts. It was found that better-governing systems can extend the life span of runners, for example avoiding the runner uplift during a trip. Digitalization can improve efficiency by 1.2%. New sustainable practices and turbines with better ecological behavior can minimize environmental impacts, like the reduction of fish mortality, improvement of fish habitat availability, reduction of oil for lubrication purposes and generation of economic incomes for local development. The use of existing structures reduces the total installation cost: examples are the total saving of 277 €/kW by reusing irrigation pipes and reservoirs, or the reduction of the investment period from 9 years to 6 years by turbining the environmental flow. Innovative low head hydropower converters can exhibit good ecological behavior, with reduced costs (<5000 €/kW) especially when installed in existing weirs. Results are discussed, contextualized and generalized to provide engineering data and tools to support future realizations of similar case studies; normalized costs, efficiency improvement, best practices and new technologies are discussed.

ACS Style

Emanuele Quaranta; Manuel Bonjean; Damiano Cuvato; Christophe Nicolet; Matthieu Dreyer; Anthony Gaspoz; Samuel Rey-Mermet; Bruno Boulicaut; Luigi Pratalata; Marco Pinelli; Giuseppe Tomaselli; Paolo Pinamonti; Raffael Pichler; Paolo Turin; Daniele Turrin; Jason Foust; Bradly Trumbo; Martin Ahmann; Marc Modersitzki; Susy Kist; Cecilia Mosca; Carlo Malerba; Ada Francesconi; Ivan Casoli; Raffaele Ferrari; Vittoria Stefani; Marco Scibetta; Lorenza Meucci; Walter Gostner; Riccardo Bergamin; Francesco De Pretto; Davide Turcato; Vincent Kocher; Pierre Lefaucheux; Abdelali Elmaataoui; Mario Mariucci; Prakriteesh Sarma; Geert Slachmuylders; Riccardo Clementi; Fabio Pasut; Nicola Bragato. Hydropower Case Study Collection: Innovative Low Head and Ecologically Improved Turbines, Hydropower in Existing Infrastructures, Hydropeaking Reduction, Digitalization and Governing Systems. Sustainability 2020, 12, 8873 .

AMA Style

Emanuele Quaranta, Manuel Bonjean, Damiano Cuvato, Christophe Nicolet, Matthieu Dreyer, Anthony Gaspoz, Samuel Rey-Mermet, Bruno Boulicaut, Luigi Pratalata, Marco Pinelli, Giuseppe Tomaselli, Paolo Pinamonti, Raffael Pichler, Paolo Turin, Daniele Turrin, Jason Foust, Bradly Trumbo, Martin Ahmann, Marc Modersitzki, Susy Kist, Cecilia Mosca, Carlo Malerba, Ada Francesconi, Ivan Casoli, Raffaele Ferrari, Vittoria Stefani, Marco Scibetta, Lorenza Meucci, Walter Gostner, Riccardo Bergamin, Francesco De Pretto, Davide Turcato, Vincent Kocher, Pierre Lefaucheux, Abdelali Elmaataoui, Mario Mariucci, Prakriteesh Sarma, Geert Slachmuylders, Riccardo Clementi, Fabio Pasut, Nicola Bragato. Hydropower Case Study Collection: Innovative Low Head and Ecologically Improved Turbines, Hydropower in Existing Infrastructures, Hydropeaking Reduction, Digitalization and Governing Systems. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (21):8873.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Emanuele Quaranta; Manuel Bonjean; Damiano Cuvato; Christophe Nicolet; Matthieu Dreyer; Anthony Gaspoz; Samuel Rey-Mermet; Bruno Boulicaut; Luigi Pratalata; Marco Pinelli; Giuseppe Tomaselli; Paolo Pinamonti; Raffael Pichler; Paolo Turin; Daniele Turrin; Jason Foust; Bradly Trumbo; Martin Ahmann; Marc Modersitzki; Susy Kist; Cecilia Mosca; Carlo Malerba; Ada Francesconi; Ivan Casoli; Raffaele Ferrari; Vittoria Stefani; Marco Scibetta; Lorenza Meucci; Walter Gostner; Riccardo Bergamin; Francesco De Pretto; Davide Turcato; Vincent Kocher; Pierre Lefaucheux; Abdelali Elmaataoui; Mario Mariucci; Prakriteesh Sarma; Geert Slachmuylders; Riccardo Clementi; Fabio Pasut; Nicola Bragato. 2020. "Hydropower Case Study Collection: Innovative Low Head and Ecologically Improved Turbines, Hydropower in Existing Infrastructures, Hydropeaking Reduction, Digitalization and Governing Systems." Sustainability 12, no. 21: 8873.

Conference paper
Published: 19 December 2019 in IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science
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In Switzerland, most of the hydro power plants were installed between 1950 and 1970. These power plants play an important role for electrical power network stability through their operational flexibility and ability to provide ancillary services. These services lead to frequent start and stop sequences, as well as continuous power variations inducing transient pressures in the water conduits. Due to electricity market recent evolutions, existing hydropower plants are subject to new operating conditions and sequences which were not foreseen during the design phase. This significant increase of load variations enhances fatigue problems by soliciting the penstock faster than originally expected. While loading spectra are the fundamental input for any fatigue assessment procedure, they are often difficult, if not impossible, to quantify accurately. In this paper, we present how the implementation of a digital clone of the power plant, namely the Hydro-Clone real-time simulation monitoring system, can be used to fill this gap. By replicating the hydraulic transients of the powerplant, the digital clone enables real-time knowledge of the pressure variations throughout the water conduits. This feature is used to implement a fatigue module in Hydro-Clone by monitoring the penstock level of solicitation, based on the accumulated damage during its past and future operations. To validate this approach, stresses related to pressure variations are measured in situ by installing strain gages on the penstock of the 200 MW La Bâtiaz hydropower plant, owned by Electricité d'Emosson SA, and compared to the simulated values. Our results reveal the considerable impact of the supply of ancillary services on penstock fatigue wear.

ACS Style

M Dreyer; C Nicolet; A Gaspoz; D Biner; S Rey-Mermet; C Saillen; B Boulicaut. Digital clone for penstock fatigue monitoring. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 2019, 405, 012013 .

AMA Style

M Dreyer, C Nicolet, A Gaspoz, D Biner, S Rey-Mermet, C Saillen, B Boulicaut. Digital clone for penstock fatigue monitoring. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 2019; 405 (1):012013.

Chicago/Turabian Style

M Dreyer; C Nicolet; A Gaspoz; D Biner; S Rey-Mermet; C Saillen; B Boulicaut. 2019. "Digital clone for penstock fatigue monitoring." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 405, no. 1: 012013.