Organoselenium (OSe) agents hold promise for preventing cancer due to their potential ability to fight cancer development and protect cells from oxidative damage. Herein, OSe-based maleanilic and succinanilic acids were tested to estimate their antitumor activities against fifteen cancer cell lines. Besides, their potential safety and selectivity were further investigated against two normal cell lines, namely, human skin fibroblasts (HSF) and olfactory ensheathing cell line (OEC) using the growth inhibition percentage (GI%) assay. Moreover, the apoptotic potential of the superior anticancer candidates (8, 9, 10, and 11) was evaluated against P53, BAX, Caspase-3, Caspase-6, Caspase-8, Caspase-9, BCL-2, MMP2, and MMP9 apoptotic markers. Additionally, to enhance our understanding and predict the inhibitory potential of the examined compounds as potential anticancer agents, a thorough structure–activity relationship (SAR) analysis was conducted. On the other hand, molecular docking and ADMET studies were performed for the examined candidates as well. Overall, our findings point to significant anticancer activities of the organoselenium tethered amidic acids, suggesting their promising cytotoxic potential as effective anticancer drugs.

In this work, Niobium-doped (1%, 3%, and 5%) titanium dioxide (Nb-TiO₂) nanosheets were successfully formed via the hydrothermal route and further characterized using TEM, XRD, XPS and UV–vis absorption spectroscopy techniques. Phase purity and structural information of the prepared materials were analysed by XRD measurements. The band gap values ranged from 3.27 to 2.98 eV as Nb doping increased, leading to improved photocatalytic activity by creating new energy levels close to the conduction band. The XPS results confirm the amalgamation of Nb⁵⁺ ions into TiO₂ without affecting the crystallinity, structure or orientation of the occurrence of oxygen vacancies. In 3% Nb-doped TiO₂, the degradation efficiency for removing (Methylene blue) MB dye increased by ∼96% for the removal of MB dye within 70 min in comparison to pure and other doped TiO₂ catalysts The better photocatalytic activity of 3% Nb-TiO₂ is due to the longer time between electron–hole pairs before they recombine into one pair. Hydroxyl radicals (HO•) and superoxide radicals (O₂ ^•−) are the primary reactive entities responsible for the deterioration of MB dye. Therefore, incorporating Nb into TiO₂ nanostructures represents an auspicious material for the decomposition of hazardous and toxic pollutants in aquatic environments.

Computational and in vitro assessments of the anti-inflammatory potential of organoselenium Schiff bases.

Hydroconversion (hydrogenation and hydrogenolysis) of biomass-derived furanic compounds giving furan ring-hydrogenation and ring-cleavage products attracts interest for sustainable production of chemicals and fuels. Here, the hydroconversion of 2,5-dimethylfuran (DMF), chosen as a model furanic compound, was investigated at a gas-solid interface over carbon-supported Pt, Pd, Rh and Ru metal catalysts in a fixed-bed reactor at 70–90 °C and ambient pressure. Pt/C was mainly active in ring cleavage of DMF to produce 2-hexanone as the primary product, followed by its hydrogenation to 2-hexanol and hexane. In contrast, Pd/C, Rh/C and Ru/C selectively hydrogenated the furan ring to 2,5-dimethyltetrahydrofuran (DMTHF). The turnover frequency (TOF) of metal sites in the gas-phase DMF hydroconversion was determined from zero-order kinetics in the absence of diffusion limitations. The TOF values decreased in the sequence Pt > Rh > Pd >> Ru, similar to the liquid-phase reaction. The TOF values for the gas-phase reaction were found to be one order of magnitude greater than those for the liquid-phase reaction. This indicates that the gas-phase process is potentially more efficient than the liquid-phase process. TOF values for hydroconversion of ring-saturated furan derivatives, tetrahydrofuran and DMTHF, on Pt/C, were much lower than those for DMF.