Considering the cashew tree’s relevance and the limitations imposed by salinity stress in semi-arid regions, the use of alternatives capable of mitigating the harmful effects due to salinity is of great importance to the production sector. The use of grafted plants, especially with rootstock made of tolerant materials, influences the accumulation of toxic ions in leaves of grafted seedlings. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate morphophysiological characteristics and leaf concentrations of Na+, K+ and Ca+2 of combinations of scion and rootstock of early dwarf cashew, contrasting in terms of salinity tolerance. The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design with five replicates, in a 4 × 3 factorial arrangement, corresponding to four dwarf cashew scion/rootstock combinations (self-graft CCP 09, CCP 09/CCP 76, self-graft CCP 76, and CCP 76/CCP 09) and three NaCl concentrations (0, 50, and 100 mM L-1). Height, number of leaves, leaf area, dry matter, tolerance index and leaf concentrations of Na+, K+ and Ca+2 were evaluated after 30 days of application of NaCl concentrations. The scion/rootstock combination CCP 76/09 showed tolerance to 50 mM L-1, due to the increase of leaf area and number of leaves. The scion/rootstock combination CCP 76/09 was more suitable, as it kept the leaf K+ concentration and had the lowest Na+ concentration.

O uso de plantas medicinais mostra-se como uma alternativa, para o tratamento e prevenção de doenças que acometem os animais, visto que, é um método de baixo custo e de fácil aquisição ao produtor. Desta forma, objetivou-se avaliar o conhecimento populacional no semiárido paraibano, a respeito do emprego de plantas com propriedades curativas para animais. A pesquisa foi realizada na 14ª Região Administrativa da Empresa de Assistência Técnica e Extensão Rural da Paraíba, sediada em Pombal-PB, promovendo-se uma pesquisa de campo, de caráter descritivo com uma abordagem qualitativa. Como instrumento para coleta de dados utilizou-se um questionário previamente estruturado, contendo questões objetivas e subjetivas. Sendo observado entre os entrevistados que a planta medicinal mais utilizada para a cura de enfermidades em animais foi o limoeiro (Citrus limonum ) com 12,14%, seguido pelo Fedegoso ( Senna ocidental ) com 10,57%, feijão bravo ( Capparis flexuosa ) equivalente a 9,57% e por baba ( Aloe vera ) com 8,14%. Entre as famílias que mais se destacaram, estão Anacardiaceae, Fabaceae e Euphorbiaceae, com espécies endêmicas da Caatinga.

Este trabalho objetivou avaliar o crescimento inicial de mudas de seis cultivares de café em Areia, Paraíba, Brasil. O experimento foi conduzido entre outubro de 2019 e março de 2020, a pleno sol no viveiro de mudas do Laboratório de Ecologia Vegetal, localizado no Departamento de Fitotecnia e Ciências Ambientais do Centro de Ciências Agrárias, da Universidade Federal da Paraíba. O delineamento utilizado foi em blocos completamente casualizados, com seis tratamentos e três repetições, com 28 plantas por parcela. Utilizou-se as cultivares: Bourbon; Catuaí Vermelho 144; Catuai Amarelo 62; Mundo Novo; Catucai 24/137 e Arara. Avaliou-se a porcentagem de emergência das plântulas, altura de planta, diâmetro do colo e número de pares de folhas. Todas as cultivares são promissoras para a região, exceto a cultivar Arara que apresenta inferioridade em todas as variáveis e porcentagem de emergência de plântulas 36,6% menor que as demais. As cultivares Bourbon e Mundo Novo apresentaram melhor adaptação e um crescimento superior às demais cultivares na altura média de plantas aos 180 dias após a semeadura, o que pode indicar maior adaptação às condições ambientais, como a amplitude térmica e insolação. No geral, estes resultados auxiliam na tomada de decisão para a escolha de cultivares a serem produzidas nas condições de cultivo do Brejo da Paraíba e norteia para trabalhos de pesquisas futuros.

In semi-arid regions, where seasonal drought or irregular rainfall distribution are common occurrences, agricultural management techniques or strategies, such as the use of bone meal and/or hydrogel, can mitigate adverse conditions and ensure crop production. This study aimed to evaluate the efects of bone meal doses (0, 250, 500, 750 and 1,000 g pit⁻¹), in association or not with hydrogel (0 and 5 g pit⁻¹, respectively), on the leaf nutrient content of the dwarf cashew cultivar BRS 226. The leaf nutrient contents were evaluated during two growing seasons. For being a good source of macronutrients, the bone meal increased the levels of N, P, Ca, K and Mg in the dwarf cashew leaves. The leaf contents of the micronutrients Zn, Fe and Mn decreased with increasing bone meal doses. The nutrient accumulation in the leaves of the dwarf cashew planted in pits with bone meal and hydrogel has the following order: N > K > Ca > Mg > P > Mn > Fe > Zn > Cu. The application of bone meal at levels close to 600 g pit⁻¹, mainly with the use of hydrogel, is a viable fertilizer alternative for dwarf cashew.

Low density sugarcane plantation (LDSP) has been implemented by some sugarcane producers in Brazil, aiming to save seeds and operational costs. The study was carried out in the municipality of Areia, Paraíba, Brazil. Five planting densities were used, varying from 5 to 25 m^-2 of buds arranged in randomized blocks, with four replications. Data were measured annually over three cultivation cycles (2017 to 2020), during which the field was fertilized with NPK and the harvests were carried out manually without prior burning. The lower planting density presents higher productivity only in the cane plant (101.03 t ha^-1) due to the higher plant height (2.37 m) and the higher number of stalks (11 stalks m^-2), suggesting that these variables are due to the greater availability of light, water and photosynthate. However, there is a drastic reduction in sugarcane yield for this lower population in the 2^nd ratoon by up to 65.62%, which is correlated with number of stalks per meter. We demonstrate the agronomic viability of LDSP in the population of 10 buds m^-2 in relation to conventional planting of sugarcane until the 2^nd ratoon. Data are important for future studies to present additional considerations for other production factors, such as the effects of mechanized harvesting and the management of nutrients and water, assessing the sustainability of this large-scale planting system.