In response to the issues of low precision, a large number of parameters and high model complexity in steel surface defect detection, a lightweight algorithm using improved YOLOv8 is proposed. Firstly, GhostNet is utilized as the backbone network in order to reduce the number of model parameters and computational complexity. Secondly, the MPCA (MultiPath Coordinate Attention) attention mechanism is integrated to enhance feature extraction capabilities. Finally, the SIoU (Simplified IoU ) is used to replace the traditional CIoU loss function, which can make the anchor frame more fast and accurate in the regression process, to improve the stability and the robustness of detection. The experimental results indicate that these enhancements have led to a reduction of 37% in calculation amount for the improved YOLOv8n algorithm, a decrease of 32% in parameter count, and an increase in average detection accuracy ( mAP ) by 1.2%. This model achieves a balance between lightweighting and detection accuracy while providing a viable solution for deployment in computationally resource-constrained edge computing environments such as embedded systems and mobile devices.

Considering the contradiction among the response speed, overshoot and stability of system when the motor load system adopts PID control, a control strategy combining RBF (Radial Basis Function) neural network supervisory control and expert PID control is designed to effectively improve this problem in this paper. First of all, the related algorithms of RBF neural network supervisory control composed of RBF neural network and PID control (RSC-PID) is introduced. This method can make the motor load system reach a steady state faster than simple PID control. But RSC-PID is also unsatisfactory in terms of overshoot. Based on the RSC-PID control method, a hybrid controller combining RBF neural network supervisory control and expert PID control (RSC-EPID) is proposed. This method combines RSC-PID control theory with expert PID control ideas, further improves the stability and rapidity of the system, reduces the overshoot. Moreover, when the input signal is a time-varying signal with interference, the motor load system shows better anti-interference performance after using RSC-EPID. The simulation results show that RSC-EPID control improves the tracking effect of the output signal of the motor load system, ensures the stability of the system, and improves the performance of the system.

This paper presents several control methods and realizes the stable tracking for the inverted pendulum system. Based on the advantages of RBF and traditional PID, a novel PID controller based on the RBF neural network supervision control method (PID-RBF) is proposed. This method realizes the adaptive adjustment of the stable tracking signal of the system. Furthermore, an improved PID controller based on RBF neural network supervision control strategy (IPID-RBF) is presented. This control strategy adopts the supervision control method of feed-forward and feedback. The response speed of the system is further improved, and the overshoot of the tracking signal is further reduced. The tracking control simulation of the inverted pendulum system under three different signals is given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

This paper formulates the multiple asymptotical stability for a general class of fractional-order neural networks with time delays. By exploiting the properties of upper bounded and lower bounded functions derived from the addressed fractional-order neural network model as well as the comparison principle for fractional-order calculus, a lot of sufficient conditions are obtained to guarantee the existence and multiple asymptotical stability of the equilibrium points for the fractional-order neural networks with time delays. It reveals that the results gained in this paper are applicable to analyses of both multiple asymptotical stability and global asymptotical stability. Besides, three numerical examples are presented to showcase the validity of the derived results.