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In this work, energy poverty in the Canary Islands is analysed, and a new indicator to measure it is proposed. In the first place, a quantitative analysis has been conducted using different income-based indicators and contrasting the results with the Spanish situation during the 2006–2016 period. The archipelago presents some specific characteristics (high poverty rates combined with low energy consumption) that make necessary the introduction of an alternative, more robust indicator than those existing in the literature. Based on a combination of different income-based indicators, a new one is proposed, named “Compound Energy Poverty Indicator” (CEPI). The CEPI reveals the special features of the Canaries consistent with their regional singularities, as recommended by the European Union energy policies. The evolution of this indicator shows the greater impact of the 2008 economic crisis on the Canary Islands compared to Spain, almost reaching the Spanish energy poverty rates at the end of the period (12.5 versus 11.49). Moreover, the average growth rate from 2006 to 2016 (13.0%) results very high in comparison with the national 2.6%. The development of a systematic and coordinated strategy in the Canaries to assess the energy poverty incidence would not be possible without a proper, accurate indicator.
Judit Mendoza Aguilar; Francisco J. Ramos-Real; Alfredo J. Ramírez-Díaz. Improving Indicators for Comparing Energy Poverty in the Canary Islands and Spain. Energies 2019, 12, 2135 .
AMA StyleJudit Mendoza Aguilar, Francisco J. Ramos-Real, Alfredo J. Ramírez-Díaz. Improving Indicators for Comparing Energy Poverty in the Canary Islands and Spain. Energies. 2019; 12 (11):2135.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJudit Mendoza Aguilar; Francisco J. Ramos-Real; Alfredo J. Ramírez-Díaz. 2019. "Improving Indicators for Comparing Energy Poverty in the Canary Islands and Spain." Energies 12, no. 11: 2135.
Electric vehicles (EVs) could be a solution to reduce final energy consumption and carbon emissions in the road transport sector. Moreover, the mobility characteristics of drivers (i.e., their average driving distance) fit better with current EV technical features on a small island than in the mainland. This paper analyzes willingness-to-change (WTC) and willingness-to-pay (WTP) for an EV in Tenerife (Canary Islands), both of which are key factors for understanding potential for EV penetration. WTC and WTP in Tenerife island are estimated based on data collected through a face-to-face survey-based contingent valuation approach. We go on to assess the impact of a set of explanatory variables on both WTC and WTP, in order to characterize the representative profile of a potential EV buyer. Informing on the basic properties of an EV and environmental concerns are found to be key factors for WTC, while income level, mobility patterns, environmental concerns and attitude-to-tech of potential buyers are found to be important factors for WTP.
Francisco J. Ramos-Real; Alfredo Ramírez-Díaz; Gustavo A. Marrero; Yannick Perez. Willingness to pay for electric vehicles in island regions: The case of Tenerife (Canary Islands). Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 2018, 98, 140 -149.
AMA StyleFrancisco J. Ramos-Real, Alfredo Ramírez-Díaz, Gustavo A. Marrero, Yannick Perez. Willingness to pay for electric vehicles in island regions: The case of Tenerife (Canary Islands). Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 2018; 98 ():140-149.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFrancisco J. Ramos-Real; Alfredo Ramírez-Díaz; Gustavo A. Marrero; Yannick Perez. 2018. "Willingness to pay for electric vehicles in island regions: The case of Tenerife (Canary Islands)." Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 98, no. : 140-149.
This paper aims to quantify, from an economic and environmental lens, the impacts of the interconnection Tenerife–La Gomera in terms of energy independence, emissions and costs. Alternatively, the development of La Gomera as an isolated system through a high deployment of renewable energies and energy storage systems is also assessed. The results reveal that the interconnection is the most promising alternative in terms of cost, emissions and energy independence, provided that generation is powered by NG. If not, the isolated development mainly based on electric batteries and photovoltaic systems would be the best option. The results of this work may be very useful for policy-makers and energy planners in other territories with similar characteristics.
Francisco J. Ramos-Real; Josue Barrera-Santana; Alfredo Ramírez-Díaz; Yannick Perez. Interconnecting isolated electrical systems. The case of Canary Islands. Energy Strategy Reviews 2018, 22, 37 -46.
AMA StyleFrancisco J. Ramos-Real, Josue Barrera-Santana, Alfredo Ramírez-Díaz, Yannick Perez. Interconnecting isolated electrical systems. The case of Canary Islands. Energy Strategy Reviews. 2018; 22 ():37-46.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFrancisco J. Ramos-Real; Josue Barrera-Santana; Alfredo Ramírez-Díaz; Yannick Perez. 2018. "Interconnecting isolated electrical systems. The case of Canary Islands." Energy Strategy Reviews 22, no. : 37-46.
The aim of this paper is to analyze Rogers-system categories of electric vehicle adopters in Tenerife (Canary Islands) to highlight the psychological factors defining each category. The paper runs a model to calculate willingness to change and willingness to pay for an electric vehicle following the contingent valuation methodology. A survey performed in Tenerife Island collected data from 444 private cars drivers. The survey contained a set of questions on psychological and car-features issues, as well as other items querying the socioeconomic factors and mobility characteristics of the drivers. This paper brings key contributions to the literature. First, it uses two theoretical frameworks to define the categories of innovators from a psychosocial standpoint. Second, the results will usefully inform both policymakers and automaker marketing departments on specific actions to accelerate the uptake of electric vehicles. Our results confirm that electric vehicle adopter categories are similar in proportion and characteristics to those of Rogers’ diffusion of innovation theory, and can be collapsed into two macro-groups of adopters distributed in a 50%–50% split in our sample, i.e., the earlier adopters and the later adopters.
Maria Gracia Rodríguez-Brito; Alfredo J. Ramírez-Díaz; Francisco J. Ramos-Real; Yannick Perez. Psychosocial Traits Characterizing EV Adopters’ Profiles: The Case of Tenerife (Canary Islands). Sustainability 2018, 10, 2053 .
AMA StyleMaria Gracia Rodríguez-Brito, Alfredo J. Ramírez-Díaz, Francisco J. Ramos-Real, Yannick Perez. Psychosocial Traits Characterizing EV Adopters’ Profiles: The Case of Tenerife (Canary Islands). Sustainability. 2018; 10 (6):2053.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaria Gracia Rodríguez-Brito; Alfredo J. Ramírez-Díaz; Francisco J. Ramos-Real; Yannick Perez. 2018. "Psychosocial Traits Characterizing EV Adopters’ Profiles: The Case of Tenerife (Canary Islands)." Sustainability 10, no. 6: 2053.
Isolated energy systems in archipelagos are characterized for having a great dependence on fossil sources due to isolation and territorial fragmentation. The island of La Palma is situated on the northwest of the Canary Islands, and its electric system is very small. Sustainability policies planned by local authorities are aimed to increase the share of renewable energies and the reduction of fossil energies. However, intermittence and the concentration of unmanageable renewable energies in few locations may hinder the operation of the system. In order to solve these problems, energy storage plays an essential role. The aim of this paper is to analyse the effects of the introduction of two possible alternatives as a way of energy storage: pumped hydro storage and electric vehicles. For this, we use a simulation model adapted to the features of La Palma, considering different scenarios. Results show that, in the most favourable scenario, the installation of an additional 25 MW from renewables (more than double the current power), supported by 20 MW of pumped hydro storage and a fleet of 3361 electric vehicles, would allow the current share of renewables to increase from 11% (in 2015) to 49%. Furthermore, this would mean a 26% reduction in CO2 emissions, 10% in costs of generated kWh and 19% in energy dependence.
Alfredo Ramirez-Diaz; Francisco J. Ramos-Real; Gustavo A. Marrero. Complementarity of electric vehicles and pumped-hydro as energy storage in small isolated energy systems: case of La Palma, Canary Islands. Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2016, 4, 604 -614.
AMA StyleAlfredo Ramirez-Diaz, Francisco J. Ramos-Real, Gustavo A. Marrero. Complementarity of electric vehicles and pumped-hydro as energy storage in small isolated energy systems: case of La Palma, Canary Islands. Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy. 2016; 4 (4):604-614.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlfredo Ramirez-Diaz; Francisco J. Ramos-Real; Gustavo A. Marrero. 2016. "Complementarity of electric vehicles and pumped-hydro as energy storage in small isolated energy systems: case of La Palma, Canary Islands." Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 4, no. 4: 604-614.