Rising demands for reliable thermally and electrically conductive and stable, lightweight, and mechanically enduring materials in architecting smart electronics have accelerated the research in engineering metal-matrix composites (MMCs). Amongst all, copper (Cu) and aluminium (Al) based MMCs are popular owing to high electrical conductivity, but large heat dissipation in compact electronic gadgets is still challenging. The reinforcement of Cu/Al with graphene caters to problems of heat dissipation, strengthens mechanical endurance, and optimizes electronic and thermal conductivities as per the device architect and application. The present report systematically reviews the state-of-the-art Cu/Al MMCs using graphene reinforcement with enhanced electrical, thermal and mechanical attributes for smart electronics manufacturing. It discusses the fundamentals for optimising the electrical and thermal charge transport in Cu/Al MMCs through graphene reinforcement. Besides it discusses challenges, alternate solutions, and advanced prospects of graphene reinforced Cu/Al MMCs for smart electronics manufacturing.

Copper (Cu) composites hybridized with nano-sized reinforcing material are gathering attraction in several fields such as automobile, aerospace, and power transmission due to their better strength. Unlike conventional reinforcing materials, extraordinary mechanical properties and high electrical and thermal conductivity make nanomaterials highly useful reinforcement materials to improve the properties of pristine metals. Over the last two decades, several kinds of research have been conducted to study the effect of distinctive 2D nanomaterials, such as silicon carbide, aluminium oxide, copper nanotube and graphene as reinforcement on the properties of metal matrices. This study comprehensively reviews the effect of hybrid reinforcements on the mechanical properties of Cu composites having graphene as one of the reinforcements. Also, the contribution of these reinforced nanomaterials composition and their dispersion in the pure Cu matrices have also been explained in detail. In comparison with Cu composites fabricated with a single 2D reinforcement material, composites incorporating hybrid nano reinforcement, exhibit better mechanical behaviour. Additionally, the improvement in mechanical strength would enhance their capability to withstand altering thermal and surrounding environmental conditions.

Cerium oxide (CeO₂) doped iron (Fe) - alumina (Al₂O₃) Metal Matrix Nanocomposites have been studied in this article. Doped with 0.5 and 1.0 percent CeO₂, the nanocomposites in this system were made in the lab. Weighing, Powder milling, die pressing, and sintering at 1100 °C for one hour in an atmosphere-controlled furnace were used to develop the specimens. Microstructural inspection of a worn-out surface on the prepared specimens was carried out in addition to the phase determination and microstructural assessment that were performed on the fabricated specimens. Fe, Al₂O₃, CeO₂, and FeAl₂O₄ phases were all seen in the XRD data. There were nano dispersion of FeAl₂O₄ and CeO₂ particles in the dense phase microstructure of the produced samples. Increasing the amount of cerium oxide in the material resulted in an increase in both density and hardness. The specimen’s wear rate was shown to decrease with an increase in cerium oxide content %. The present developed material will be useful for heavy duty applications like railway wagon wheels.