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A quantitative assessment of food-water-energy interactions is important to assess pathways and scenarios towards a holistically sustainable regional development. While a range of tools and methods exist that assess energetic demands and potentials on a regional scale, the same is not true for assessments of regional food demand and potential. This work introduces a new food simulation workflow to address local food potential and demand at the regional level, by extending an existing regional energy-water simulation platform. The goal of this work is to develop a GIS-based bottom-up approach to simulate regional food demand that can be linked to similarly GIS-based workflows assessing regional water demands and energetic demands and potentials. This allows us to study food-water-energy issues on a local scale. For this, a CityGML land use data model is extended with a feed and animal potential raster map as well as a soil type map to serve as the main inputs. The workflow simulates: (1) the vegetal and animal product food potentials by taking climate, crop type, soil type, organic farming, and food waste parameters into account; (2) the food demand of vegetal and animal products influenced by population change, body weight, age, human development index, and other indicators. The method is tested and validated in three German counties with various land use coverages. The results show that restricting land used exclusively for energy crop production is the most effective way to increase annual food production potential. Climate change by 2050 is expected to result in annual biomass yield changes between −4% and 2% depending on the region. The amount of animal product consumption is expected to rise by 16% by 2050, while 4% fewer vegetal products are excepted to be consumed.
Keyu Bao; Rushikesh Padsala; Volker Coors; Daniela Thrän; Bastian Schröter. A GIS-Based Simulation Method for Regional Food Potential and Demand. Land 2021, 10, 880 .
AMA StyleKeyu Bao, Rushikesh Padsala, Volker Coors, Daniela Thrän, Bastian Schröter. A GIS-Based Simulation Method for Regional Food Potential and Demand. Land. 2021; 10 (8):880.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKeyu Bao; Rushikesh Padsala; Volker Coors; Daniela Thrän; Bastian Schröter. 2021. "A GIS-Based Simulation Method for Regional Food Potential and Demand." Land 10, no. 8: 880.
The assessment of regional bioenergy potentials from different types of natural land cover is an integral part of simulation tools that aim to assess local renewable energy systems. This work introduces a new workflow, which evaluates regional bioenergy potentials and its impact on water demand based on geographical information system (GIS)-based land use data, satellite maps on local crop types and soil types, and conversion factors from biomass to bioenergy. The actual annual biomass yield of crops is assessed through an automated process considering the factors of local climate, crop type, soil, and irrigation. The crop biomass yields are validated with historic statistical data, with deviation less than 7% in most cases. Additionally, the resulting bioenergy potentials yield between 10.7 and 12.0 GWh/ha compared with 13.3 GWh/ha from other studies. The potential contribution from bioenergy on the energy demand were investigated in the two case studies, representing the agricultural-dominant rural area in North Germany and suburban region in South Germany: Simulation of the future bioenergy potential for 2050 shows only smaller effects from climate change (less than 4%) and irrigation (below 3%), but the potential to cover up to 21% of the transport fuels demand in scenario supporting biodiesel and bioethanol for transportation.
Keyu Bao; Rushikesh Padsala; Volker Coors; Daniela Thrän; Bastian Schröter. A Method for Assessing Regional Bioenergy Potentials Based on GIS Data and a Dynamic Yield Simulation Model. Energies 2020, 13, 6488 .
AMA StyleKeyu Bao, Rushikesh Padsala, Volker Coors, Daniela Thrän, Bastian Schröter. A Method for Assessing Regional Bioenergy Potentials Based on GIS Data and a Dynamic Yield Simulation Model. Energies. 2020; 13 (24):6488.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKeyu Bao; Rushikesh Padsala; Volker Coors; Daniela Thrän; Bastian Schröter. 2020. "A Method for Assessing Regional Bioenergy Potentials Based on GIS Data and a Dynamic Yield Simulation Model." Energies 13, no. 24: 6488.
With increasing urbanization, climate change poses an unprecedented threat, and climate-sensitive urban management is highly demanded. Mitigating climate change undoubtedly requires smarter urban design tools and techniques than ever before. With the continuous evolution of geospatial technologies and an added benefit of analyzing and virtually visualizing our world in three dimensions, the focus is now shifting from a traditional 2D to a more complicated 3D spatial design and assessment with increasing potential of supporting climate-responsive urban decisions. This paper focuses on using 3D city models to calculate the mean radiant temperature (Tmrt) as an outdoor thermal comfort indicator in terms of assessing the spatiotemporal distribution of heat stress on the district scale. The analysis is done to evaluate planning scenarios for a district transformation in Montreal/Canada. The research identifies a systematic workflow to assess and upgrade the outdoor thermal comfort using the contribution of ArcGIS CityEngine for 3D city modeling and the open-source model of solar longwave environmental irradiance geometry (SOLWEIG) as the climate assessment model. A statistically downscaled weather profile for the warmest year predicted before 2050 (2047) is used for climate data. The outcome shows the workflow capacity for the structured recognition of area under heat stress alongside supporting the efficient intervention, the tree placement as a passive strategy of heat mitigation. The adaptability of workflow with the various urban scale makes it an effective response to the technical challenges of urban designers for decision-making and action planning. However, the discovered technical issues in data conversion and wall surface albedo processing call for the climate assessment model improvement as future demand.
SeyedehRabeeh HosseiniHaghighi; Fatemeh Izadi; Rushikesh Padsala; Ursula Eicker. Using Climate-Sensitive 3D City Modeling to Analyze Outdoor Thermal Comfort in Urban Areas. ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 2020, 9, 688 .
AMA StyleSeyedehRabeeh HosseiniHaghighi, Fatemeh Izadi, Rushikesh Padsala, Ursula Eicker. Using Climate-Sensitive 3D City Modeling to Analyze Outdoor Thermal Comfort in Urban Areas. ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information. 2020; 9 (11):688.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSeyedehRabeeh HosseiniHaghighi; Fatemeh Izadi; Rushikesh Padsala; Ursula Eicker. 2020. "Using Climate-Sensitive 3D City Modeling to Analyze Outdoor Thermal Comfort in Urban Areas." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 9, no. 11: 688.
Humans’ activities in urban areas put a strain on local water resources. This paper introduces a method to accurately simulate the stress urban water demand in Germany puts on local resources on a single-building level, and scalable to regional levels without loss of detail. The method integrates building geometry, building physics, census, socio-economy and meteorological information to provide a general approach to assessing water demands that also overcome obstacles on data aggregation and processing imposed by data privacy guidelines. Three German counties were used as validation cases to prove the feasibility of the presented approach: on average, per capita water demand and aggregated water demand deviates by less than 7% from real demand data. Scenarios applied to a case region Ludwigsburg in Germany, which takes the increment of water price, aging of the population and the climate change into account, show that the residential water demand has the change of −2%, +7% and −0.4% respectively. The industrial water demand increases by 46% due to the development of economy indicated by GDP per capita. The rise of precipitation and temperature raise the water demand in non-residential buildings (excluding industry) of 1%.
Keyu Bao; Rushikesh Padsala; Daniela Thrän; Bastian Schröter. Urban Water Demand Simulation in Residential and Non-Residential Buildings Based on a CityGML Data Model. ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 2020, 9, 642 .
AMA StyleKeyu Bao, Rushikesh Padsala, Daniela Thrän, Bastian Schröter. Urban Water Demand Simulation in Residential and Non-Residential Buildings Based on a CityGML Data Model. ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information. 2020; 9 (11):642.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKeyu Bao; Rushikesh Padsala; Daniela Thrän; Bastian Schröter. 2020. "Urban Water Demand Simulation in Residential and Non-Residential Buildings Based on a CityGML Data Model." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 9, no. 11: 642.