Despite the importance of proper risk management during the construction execution stage, the current studies mainly focus on risk management at the planning stage. In order to effectively manage risks and accomplish a project success, it is instrumental to manage and mitigate risks at the execution stage where the most of risks are actually occurred. Hence, this research aims to identify the most critical success factors for effective risk management at the execution stage of a construction project. A mixed method was adopted to identify the priorities among various success factors for risk management through a questionnaire survey, and follow-up interviews were conducted to retrieve more insights and lessons learnt from construction professionals. Total 55 construction professionals responded that a) Project management capacity; b) knowledge and experience; c) early involvement of contractors and d) socio-cultural forces are the most critical success factors for successful risk management during the execution stage. This research identified the critical success factors and its relative importance expected to provide a means for the construction professionals to prioritise critical success factors for risk management at the execution stage, and it will serve a risk management supporting tool to make a proper plan and decision on risks.

Although they offer major advantages, smart cities present unprecedented risks and challenges. There are abundant discrete studies on risks related to smart cities; however, such risks have not been thoroughly understood to date. This paper is a systematic review that aims to identify the origin, trends, and categories of risks from previous studies on smart cities. This review includes 85 related articles published between 2000 and 2019. Through a thematic analysis, smart city risks were categorized into three main themes: organizational, social, and technological. The risks within the intersections of these themes were also grouped into (1) digital transformation, (2) socio-technical, and (3) corporate social responsibility. The results revealed that risk is a comparatively new topic in smart-city research and that little focus has been given to social risks. The findings indicated that studies from countries with a long history of smart cities tend to place greater emphasis on social risks. This study highlights the significance of smart city risks for researchers and practitioners, providing a solid direction for future smart-city research.

Technological advancements alone, without addressing public responses to social changes cannot ensure inclusive and sustainable smart city transitions as cities and societies comprise diverse individuals and communities with varied socio-demographic backgrounds. Thus, this research investigates social responses to smart city transitions aiming to understand individuals’ social reactions to the changes across diverse socio-demographic profiles, and identify socio-demographic group-specific change management strategies to enhance public engagement and minimise resistance during the transition. Through a questionnaire survey using multivariate analysis, correlations between socio-demographic profiles and social reactions are identified. Age and frustration showed a positive correlation indicating that elderly individuals express greater concerns about unfamiliar smart technologies. Weak negative correlations emerged between income levels and transition-related stress including shock, frustration and depression. Significant differences were revealed between income groups (AUD 126,000+ and below AUD 90,000) associated with job security due to smart technologies and digital automation. Improving digital proficiency through free local government-led training, and reinforcing the benefits of digitally transformed urban environments through timely technical support were identified as the most essential change management strategies. Thus, this research will contribute to enabling local governments and policymakers to have practical insights in developing socially inclusive and community-centric transition plans with minimised social resistance.