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Emerging advanced technologies (EAT) have been regarded as significant technological innovations which can greatly improve the transforming construction industry. Given that research on EAT related to the management of prefabricated construction (MPC) has not yet been conducted, various researchers require a state-of-the-art summary of EAT research and implementation in the MPC field. The purpose of this paper is to provide a systematic literature review by analysing the selected 526 related publications in peer-reviewed leading journals during 2009–2020. Through a thorough review of selected papers from the state-of-the-art academic journals in the construction industry, EAT is recognised as the key area affecting the development of the MPC discipline. This study has value in offering original insights to summarise the advanced status quo of this field, helping subsequent researchers gain an in-depth understanding of the underlying structure of this field and allowing them to continue future research directions.
Clyde Li; Mingcong Hu; Bing Xiao; Zhe Chen; Vivian Tam; Yiyu Zhao. Mapping the Knowledge Domains of Emerging Advanced Technologies in the Management of Prefabricated Construction. Sustainability 2021, 13, 8800 .
AMA StyleClyde Li, Mingcong Hu, Bing Xiao, Zhe Chen, Vivian Tam, Yiyu Zhao. Mapping the Knowledge Domains of Emerging Advanced Technologies in the Management of Prefabricated Construction. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (16):8800.
Chicago/Turabian StyleClyde Li; Mingcong Hu; Bing Xiao; Zhe Chen; Vivian Tam; Yiyu Zhao. 2021. "Mapping the Knowledge Domains of Emerging Advanced Technologies in the Management of Prefabricated Construction." Sustainability 13, no. 16: 8800.
Occupant behaviour (OB) is impacted by several interdisciplinary factors: environmental, psychosocial, cultural and economic. One of these impacting factors is the climate. In this study, the patterns of OB interactions with heating, cooling, lighting, equipment, windows and shading collected in questionnaire surveys were used as input data in the simulation models of two university buildings. The buildings, a green-rated and a non-rated one, are in Western Sydney University in Sydney, Australia. Then, the models were simulated in eight different climate zones in Australia. Therefore, this research aimed to understand how different climate zones may impact the energy related to OB and compare this impact between a green-rated building and a building without any rating. The results showed that there is no correlation between climate and OB and the levels of discomfort are related to the cooling season. The green building is less subjected to external changes, indicating that in buildings with automatic and properly controlled centralised management systems, the impacts related to the misuse of energy due to OB would be almost irrelevant. The results of this study should not be extended to other occupant behavioural patterns or situations. The results should be confined within the present research and context.
Laura M M C E Almeida; Vivian W Y Tam; Khoa N Le. Occupant behaviour and its relation to climate in Australia. Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Engineering Sustainability 2021, 174, 174 -188.
AMA StyleLaura M M C E Almeida, Vivian W Y Tam, Khoa N Le. Occupant behaviour and its relation to climate in Australia. Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Engineering Sustainability. 2021; 174 (4):174-188.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLaura M M C E Almeida; Vivian W Y Tam; Khoa N Le. 2021. "Occupant behaviour and its relation to climate in Australia." Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Engineering Sustainability 174, no. 4: 174-188.
This paper presents a greenhouse-gas (GHG) emission reduction toolkit at an urban scale as a response to climate change local effects. Studies show that the most considerable amount of GHG emitted from cities worldwide; as the result of fossil fuel combustion, energy consumption, and other human functions. However, not the equivalent CO2 absorbers are embedded in cities, nor the mitigation strategies. Urban areas are where the GHG emission causes and the solutions cross and are the best laboratories to examine the new initiatives. This toolkit was developed to reflect this significant necessity of the urban environment to gather, present, and weigh the possible approaches toward a lower-carbon city. The four main contributors to GHG emission, including Energy Management, Transportation, Waste Management, and Urban Land Use, were identified, and their associated mitigation techniques were proposed. They were also weighted based on their abatement potentials, and the recommended implementation policies were linked to them. The techniques were chosen over a comprehensive literature review from the available databases from 2000 to 2020. In the end, the critical challenges in the implementation phases, and some strategic suggestions were proposed to facilitate the process.
Hoda Karimipour; Vivian W.Y. Tam; Khoa N Le; Helen Burnie. A Greenhouse-Gas Emission Reduction Toolkit at Urban Scale. Sustainable Cities and Society 2021, 73, 103103 .
AMA StyleHoda Karimipour, Vivian W.Y. Tam, Khoa N Le, Helen Burnie. A Greenhouse-Gas Emission Reduction Toolkit at Urban Scale. Sustainable Cities and Society. 2021; 73 ():103103.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHoda Karimipour; Vivian W.Y. Tam; Khoa N Le; Helen Burnie. 2021. "A Greenhouse-Gas Emission Reduction Toolkit at Urban Scale." Sustainable Cities and Society 73, no. : 103103.
Prefabricated construction has been promoted worldwide due to its potential to improve construction quality, safety, productivity and waste reduction. In Australia off-site construction is relatively small, 3% out of the total of construction industry, compared to other countries. However, construction within Sydney continues to rapidly expand with future forecasts of major building works indicating a furthermore increase in construction projects. These major building works which include apartments, commercial facilities and engineering developments are set to increase over the next year. Considering the currently prefabrication market in Sydney, this paper aims to identify the barriers limiting the offsite construction grown. A questionnaire survey and an interview were administered to experienced Sydney prefabrication professionals. Case studies are provided to present a correlation between the demand and supply of prefabrication components in Sydney.
A. C. J. Evangelista; Vivian W. Y. Tam; Zhiyu Huang. Evaluation of Barriers to Encourage Off-Site Construction in Sydney. Proceedings of the 24th International Symposium on Advancement of Construction Management and Real Estate 2021, 1925 -1933.
AMA StyleA. C. J. Evangelista, Vivian W. Y. Tam, Zhiyu Huang. Evaluation of Barriers to Encourage Off-Site Construction in Sydney. Proceedings of the 24th International Symposium on Advancement of Construction Management and Real Estate. 2021; ():1925-1933.
Chicago/Turabian StyleA. C. J. Evangelista; Vivian W. Y. Tam; Zhiyu Huang. 2021. "Evaluation of Barriers to Encourage Off-Site Construction in Sydney." Proceedings of the 24th International Symposium on Advancement of Construction Management and Real Estate , no. : 1925-1933.
With the continuous advancement of new urbanization, the level of townships motorization has been improved. Residents travel conditions have significantly been improved. Vehicles have gradually become common tools for residents to travel. Because of the special geographical position in mountainous areas, construction of traffic infrastructure there is not sufficient, which leads to severe traffic operational safety issues. Improving road traffic safety in mountainous townships and reduce the occurrence of safety accidents has become an urgent problem to be solved in the development of mountainous areas. This paper aims to identify the safety-risk factors that affect the operation period of transport infrastructure in mountainous townships. Factor analysis method has been used to analyze the current situation of traffic infrastructure in the operation period in mountainous townships. Key influencing factors have been found out, and feasible suggestions are put forward to reduce the risk of traffic safety in operation period and promote the development of mountainous townships.
Yujuan She; Tianhong Jiang; Vivian W. Y. Tam; Jian Zuo; Yu Wang. Safety-Risk Identification of Traffic Infrastructure Operation in Mountainous Townships. Proceedings of the 24th International Symposium on Advancement of Construction Management and Real Estate 2021, 407 -418.
AMA StyleYujuan She, Tianhong Jiang, Vivian W. Y. Tam, Jian Zuo, Yu Wang. Safety-Risk Identification of Traffic Infrastructure Operation in Mountainous Townships. Proceedings of the 24th International Symposium on Advancement of Construction Management and Real Estate. 2021; ():407-418.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYujuan She; Tianhong Jiang; Vivian W. Y. Tam; Jian Zuo; Yu Wang. 2021. "Safety-Risk Identification of Traffic Infrastructure Operation in Mountainous Townships." Proceedings of the 24th International Symposium on Advancement of Construction Management and Real Estate , no. : 407-418.
The methodology of carbon-conditioning involves the sequestration of carbon dioxide (CO2) into recycled concrete aggregate in order to acquire a concrete know as CO2 concrete. Carbon-conditioning not only increases the properties of recycled aggregate and recycled aggregate concrete but also entraps carbon dioxide which otherwise would be released into the earth’s atmosphere. The mechanism by which the recycled aggregate is improved involves the conversion of calcium hydroxide, found in such objects as cement paste, into calcium carbonate. The smaller calcium carbonate crystals fill air voids in the weak recycled aggregate transforming the material into CO2 aggregate. The injection of CO2 is completed by placing recycled aggregate into a sealed chamber before exposing it pure pressurised carbon dioxide. The method accelerates the natural phenomenon of carbonation permitting recycled aggregate to be completely densified and improved. Whilst it is known that CO2 concrete improves upon recycled aggregate concrete as a material, it is unknown if CO2 concrete can successfully be administered into a real life application. This paper provides evidence that CO2 concrete can indeed be utilised in a real life, living lab scenario. Four slabs of 3 by 2.6 m and 200 mm deep were placed for the implementation of cattle drinking stations. Two slabs are made up of 15% recycled aggregate CO2 concrete whilst the remainder comprised of 100% recycled aggregate CO2 concrete. The slabs were subjected to non-destructives tests all attaining a similar compressive strength of over 40 MPa. The slabs also experienced a visual inspection to attain the effect of the environment as well as heavy cattle damage. After two months no visual degradation has begun demonstrating the strength of CO2 concrete. The living lab style of examination indicates that CO2 concrete has latent characteristic exhibiting the ability to withstand tremendous loads. The examination provides evidence which showing that CO2 concrete has the potential to be utilised on a larger scale.
Vivian W. Y. Tam; Anthony Butera; Khoa N. Le; Mingxue Ma. Utilisation of CO2 Concrete for the Production of a Living Lab. Proceedings of the 24th International Symposium on Advancement of Construction Management and Real Estate 2021, 1505 -1513.
AMA StyleVivian W. Y. Tam, Anthony Butera, Khoa N. Le, Mingxue Ma. Utilisation of CO2 Concrete for the Production of a Living Lab. Proceedings of the 24th International Symposium on Advancement of Construction Management and Real Estate. 2021; ():1505-1513.
Chicago/Turabian StyleVivian W. Y. Tam; Anthony Butera; Khoa N. Le; Mingxue Ma. 2021. "Utilisation of CO2 Concrete for the Production of a Living Lab." Proceedings of the 24th International Symposium on Advancement of Construction Management and Real Estate , no. : 1505-1513.
In the age of greater environmental awareness, sustainable development in construction sector could be very significant. Despite of increasing awareness of recycling by industry, the practice of construction and demolition waste management is not well-planned in China. Japan has promoted orderly and effective management in handling the waste with reinforced legislations. This paper reviews the existing national policies on construction and demolition waste management in both Japan and China. It aims to find out the reasons behind the performance gap. Comparative analysis is used to compare existing national policies from four perspectives, including regulations and codes, incentives, stakeholders’ responsibilities and supervisory. The findings reveal the reasons attributed to low recycling rate in China, including (a) incoherent and uncooperative policies, (b) failure to guide practice, (c) recycling as a voluntary option, (d) ignorance of responsibilities on related stakeholders, (e) involvement of excess official departments, (f) light punishment, (g) weak monitoring.
Mingxue Ma; Vivian W. Y. Tam; Khoa N. Le; Yahui Zhu; Wengui Li. Comparative Analysis of National Policies on Construction and Demolition Waste Management in China and Japan. Proceedings of the 24th International Symposium on Advancement of Construction Management and Real Estate 2021, 1543 -1558.
AMA StyleMingxue Ma, Vivian W. Y. Tam, Khoa N. Le, Yahui Zhu, Wengui Li. Comparative Analysis of National Policies on Construction and Demolition Waste Management in China and Japan. Proceedings of the 24th International Symposium on Advancement of Construction Management and Real Estate. 2021; ():1543-1558.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMingxue Ma; Vivian W. Y. Tam; Khoa N. Le; Yahui Zhu; Wengui Li. 2021. "Comparative Analysis of National Policies on Construction and Demolition Waste Management in China and Japan." Proceedings of the 24th International Symposium on Advancement of Construction Management and Real Estate , no. : 1543-1558.
With the massive investments on the infrastructure over the coming years in Australia, Building Information Modelling (BIM) has become a one of the priorities in managing these massive projects. Over the next fifteen-year period, Australia focuses on 121 national significant infrastructure proposals worth of 58 billion dollars, to deliver best outcomes for Australia’s growing communities. Yet, Australia has a long way to go prior to mandating BIM national wide. There has been a visible rise in BIM adoption within the last couple of years, yet there are many speculations for the future and lot of discussion on the actual standpoint in BIM in Australia. Integrating innovative learning models with major advances in collaborative construction methods will help keep Australia abreast of this massive technological development. BIM will unlock new and more efficient ways of working, putting the world in a new digital construction era. Therefore, this review papers intends to focus on the current status of BIM in Australia for adopting it in infrastructure projects. Initially, this research identified the adoption of BIM in Australian context. Based on this analysis, this research study identified the status quo of BIM implementation in Australia and the steps that should be initiated in order to pave the way toward a smooth adoption of BIM in infrastructure projects in Australian context.
I. M. Chethana S. Illankoon; Vivian W. Y. Tam; Khoa N. Le; W. Charith K. Fernando. Building Information Modelling (BIM) for Infrastructure Projects: The Case of Australia. Proceedings of the 24th International Symposium on Advancement of Construction Management and Real Estate 2021, 1127 -1135.
AMA StyleI. M. Chethana S. Illankoon, Vivian W. Y. Tam, Khoa N. Le, W. Charith K. Fernando. Building Information Modelling (BIM) for Infrastructure Projects: The Case of Australia. Proceedings of the 24th International Symposium on Advancement of Construction Management and Real Estate. 2021; ():1127-1135.
Chicago/Turabian StyleI. M. Chethana S. Illankoon; Vivian W. Y. Tam; Khoa N. Le; W. Charith K. Fernando. 2021. "Building Information Modelling (BIM) for Infrastructure Projects: The Case of Australia." Proceedings of the 24th International Symposium on Advancement of Construction Management and Real Estate , no. : 1127-1135.
Construction industry highly relies upon the human resources to complete construction tasks. Thereby, overall profitability of the company may affect the human motivation and vice versa. Further, the inflation of a country can have pernicious implications to the profitability. Thereby, the aim of this paper is to present the empirical findings and the correlation between stakeholder motivation and profitability in relation to the inflation in these macro-economic conditions and come up with a human motivation theory. Qualitative and quantitative methods were used for stakeholders with both open ended and closed ended questions for the survey. Year-end financial data statements were analysed as quantitative data. The data of exchange rates were analysed as quantitative data of secondary data collection. Cronbach’s alpha (α) test was carried-out to measure the internal consistency. Principle components analysis (PCA) was done to reduce the redundancy of variables of questionnaires and define the major scales. The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) and Bartlett’s test of sphericity to measure the sampling adequacy and Shapiro-Wilk (SW) test was done to test the null hypothesis ‘data distribution is equal to a normal distribution’. Pearson’s correlation test was executed to test the null hypothesis ‘the population correlation coefficient (ρ) is equal to zero’ to determine correlation and strength between exchange rates and the primary cost of the construction contractors.
Vivian W. Y. Tam; Harshana P. Wattage; Khoa N. Le. Assessment for the Correlation Between Stakeholder Motivation and Company Profitability in Construction Industry Based on a Human Motivation Theory. Proceedings of the 24th International Symposium on Advancement of Construction Management and Real Estate 2021, 793 -806.
AMA StyleVivian W. Y. Tam, Harshana P. Wattage, Khoa N. Le. Assessment for the Correlation Between Stakeholder Motivation and Company Profitability in Construction Industry Based on a Human Motivation Theory. Proceedings of the 24th International Symposium on Advancement of Construction Management and Real Estate. 2021; ():793-806.
Chicago/Turabian StyleVivian W. Y. Tam; Harshana P. Wattage; Khoa N. Le. 2021. "Assessment for the Correlation Between Stakeholder Motivation and Company Profitability in Construction Industry Based on a Human Motivation Theory." Proceedings of the 24th International Symposium on Advancement of Construction Management and Real Estate , no. : 793-806.
The construction industry accounts for an enormous quantity of construction and demolition waste (CDW) where its improper management jeopardizes social, environmental, and economic resources. Although several studies have investigated some aspects of construction and demolition waste management (CDWM), there is a substantial need to empirically analysing effective construction and demolition waste management (ECDWM) considering its contributing factors and the CDWM hierarchy (CDWMH). A framework was proposed to assess the effectiveness of CDWM using CDW stakeholders’ attitudes (CDWSA), CDWM within project life cycles (CDWPLC), CDWM with respect to sustainability (SCDWM), and CDWM tools (CDWMT) as factors that effectively affect CDWM, and CDWMH as the most effective strategy to manage CDW, leading to the effective management of CDW. This study analyzed ECDWM in Australia. Thus, 108 large construction companies were approached via an online questionnaire. Data were analyzed through partial least squares based structural equation modelling using SmartPLS. Results (path coefficients) could prove that CDWSA was the most effective factor to CDWM, while CDWPLC was the least effective (ineffective). In addition, recycling strategy received more attention than reusing and reducing strategies, which contrasts with the nature of CDWMH. The study is relevant for CDW professionals as well as academicians involved in CDWM.
Kamyar Kabirifar; Mohammad Mojtahedi; Cynthia Changxin Wang; Vivian W.Y. Tam. Effective construction and demolition waste management assessment through waste management hierarchy; a case of Australian large construction companies. Journal of Cleaner Production 2021, 312, 127790 .
AMA StyleKamyar Kabirifar, Mohammad Mojtahedi, Cynthia Changxin Wang, Vivian W.Y. Tam. Effective construction and demolition waste management assessment through waste management hierarchy; a case of Australian large construction companies. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2021; 312 ():127790.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKamyar Kabirifar; Mohammad Mojtahedi; Cynthia Changxin Wang; Vivian W.Y. Tam. 2021. "Effective construction and demolition waste management assessment through waste management hierarchy; a case of Australian large construction companies." Journal of Cleaner Production 312, no. : 127790.
The sequestration of carbon dioxide into recycled aggregates for the enhancement of recycled aggregate concrete has provided an abundance of potential over recent years. The injection of carbon dioxide creates a strong concrete, known as CO2 Concrete, which can rival virgin aggregate concrete in overall performance. However, previous research only delves into small-scale testing. This paper demonstrates the potential for CO2 Concrete to be used in large-scale practical applications through living lab methodology. The compressive strength of CO2 Concrete offers great potential. After the carbon-conditioning of aggregate, the recycled aggregate concrete achieved the 95.1% strength when compared to the virgin aggregate concrete. Furthermore, it greatly surpassed the untreated recycled aggregate concrete which only exhibited a compressive strength of 64.76% when compared to the virgin aggregate concrete. This trend is also demonstrated by the two living lab projects. The living labs project consisted of two biosecurity platforms with a size of 780 mm long, 560 mm wide and 120 mm deep as well as four cattle drinking station slabs with a size of 3 m in length, 2.6 m in width and 0.2 m in thickness for agricultural use for Hawkesbury Campus, Western Sydney University. The biosecurity platforms are used for the cleaning of boots between paddocks in order to prevent the spread of disease whilst the slabs are utilised for the support of cattle drinking basins and to retain a desirable ground level, which would normally be eroded by cattle. The living labs achieved an outstanding 28-day compressive strength even surpassing virgin aggregate concrete on some occasions. The labs also demonstrated great durability. The employment of non-destructive testing shows the CO2 Concrete can preserve compressive strength under harsh agriculture conditions, which can include chemical attack, cattle movement and heavy machinery loading. After over a year and a half of practical application, the biosecurity platforms have not experienced depreciation according to the non-destructive testing. Visual inspections also reveal minimal degradation with only the sharp edges of the biosecurity platforms rounding over after a year and a half. The overall performance of CO2 Concrete is outstanding and has the potential to replace the typical virgin aggregate concrete.
Vivian Wy. Tam; Anthony Butera; Khoa N. Le; Wengui Li. CO2 concrete and its practical value utilising living lab methodologies. Cleaner Engineering and Technology 2021, 3, 100131 .
AMA StyleVivian Wy. Tam, Anthony Butera, Khoa N. Le, Wengui Li. CO2 concrete and its practical value utilising living lab methodologies. Cleaner Engineering and Technology. 2021; 3 ():100131.
Chicago/Turabian StyleVivian Wy. Tam; Anthony Butera; Khoa N. Le; Wengui Li. 2021. "CO2 concrete and its practical value utilising living lab methodologies." Cleaner Engineering and Technology 3, no. : 100131.
With the goal of achieving sustainable development, numerous research studies have been conducted aimed at reducing construction and demolition waste for improving sustainability and environment and reducing greenhouse-gas emissions. Recycled concrete aggregate due to its residual adhered mortar has low specific gravity and high water absorption. Both of these impediments contribute in the increase of permeability and shrinkage, decrease in compressive strength and hence concrete quality produced from recycled concrete aggregate. Consequently, it is essential to improve the recycled concrete aggregate quality such that their properties become comparable with those of virgin aggregate. In order to improve the recycled concrete aggregate quality, researchers have adopted two main pathways: (1) removal of adhered mortar from aggregate grains and utilisation of the separated mortar, and (2) fortification of residual mortar to make it stronger, less permeable and hydrophobic. The present study focuses on the first pathway and aims to comprehensively review huge variety of treatment techniques available in the literature, which can be applied to enhance the recycled concrete aggregate quality, by removing maximum amount of the attached mortar, thereby increasing its density, reducing its water absorption, and subsequently producing high quality aggregate. In addition, the processes which can effectively utilise the removed mortar have been reviewed. The combination of both, separation of mortar from aggregate grains and its complete utilisation make these treatments economically viable. These treatments which are based on the published literature, have been individually analysed based on their applicability and efficacy.
Vivian W.Y. Tam; Mahfooz Soomro; Ana Catarina Jorge Evangelista. Quality improvement of recycled concrete aggregate by removal of residual mortar: A comprehensive review of approaches adopted. Construction and Building Materials 2021, 288, 123066 .
AMA StyleVivian W.Y. Tam, Mahfooz Soomro, Ana Catarina Jorge Evangelista. Quality improvement of recycled concrete aggregate by removal of residual mortar: A comprehensive review of approaches adopted. Construction and Building Materials. 2021; 288 ():123066.
Chicago/Turabian StyleVivian W.Y. Tam; Mahfooz Soomro; Ana Catarina Jorge Evangelista. 2021. "Quality improvement of recycled concrete aggregate by removal of residual mortar: A comprehensive review of approaches adopted." Construction and Building Materials 288, no. : 123066.
Environmental issues due to industrial by-products has become a very common phenomenon in recent times. Energy generation is essential and energy generation through coal power is widely used in Australia and worldwide. Pond ash is one of the main residual waste from coal combustion. However, in coal power plants, the pond ash is usually mixed with seawater and stored as a stockpile, commonly known as ash dams. Upon decommissioning coal power plants, these ash dams give rise to significant social and environmental concerns. Once the ash dam ‘dry out’, the particles scatter with the wind giving rise to various health issues. Therefore, there is a clear need to identify technologies to minimise these adverse effects. As a result, this research study aims to identify effective strategies to remediate ash dam sites of coal power plants after decommissioning. Initially, researchers conducted a literature review and expert interviews to identify strategies for remediation. The four alternatives are: 1) using a sprinkler system; 2) using Nu-Rock technology; 3) silicon extraction technology; and 4) tree planting technology. Each of these alternatives have various costs and benefits. To validate the expert interview findings, this research quantified all the costs and benefits of a case study. Port Augusta power plant is considered as the case study. Silicone extraction technology and Nu-Rock technology creates up-to AUD 20 million worth of jobs within the area. Further, both options generate income to the local government in terms of tax and loyalty fees. The cost of Nu-rock technology is approximately 60% less than the silicone extraction option. Using a sprinkler system requires approximately AUD 7.5 million per annum and it is a temporary fix to this issue. Tree planting technology results in many social issues and the cost of its health issues are valued at approximately AUD 1 million. Based on the analysis, it is identified that, Nu-Rock technology silicon extraction process and plant regeneration alternatives are effective in ash dam remediation. The sprinkler system is a quick and a temporary fix to the ash dam until a permanent solution is introduced.
Vivian W Y Tam; Daniel Rahme; I M Chethana S Illankoon; Khoa N Le; Jingyu Yu. Effective remediation strategies for ash dam sites in coal power plants. Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Engineering Sustainability 2021, 174, 94 -105.
AMA StyleVivian W Y Tam, Daniel Rahme, I M Chethana S Illankoon, Khoa N Le, Jingyu Yu. Effective remediation strategies for ash dam sites in coal power plants. Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Engineering Sustainability. 2021; 174 (2):94-105.
Chicago/Turabian StyleVivian W Y Tam; Daniel Rahme; I M Chethana S Illankoon; Khoa N Le; Jingyu Yu. 2021. "Effective remediation strategies for ash dam sites in coal power plants." Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Engineering Sustainability 174, no. 2: 94-105.
In recent years, rapid urbanisation has caused a large volume of construction and demolition waste in China. Although China has introduced some documents and policies to manage the waste, these documents are not operable or detailed enough to guide the practice further. It is of great importance to analyse critical success factors (CSFs) that could contribute to the successful development of construction and demolition waste management in China. A survey questionnaire was delivered to 150 participants, with 121 responses returned. Eighteen CSFs were identified and evaluated. The results showed that five factors – namely, ‘polluter-pays principle’, ‘subsidies for recycling activities’, ‘waste minimisation at the planning stage’, ‘value-added tax deduction’ and ‘penalties on violations’ – were considered the most important factors. Additionally, differences among the perspectives of three groups of related stakeholders (researchers, industry practitioners and government officers) on the criticality of the 18 CSFs were investigated. ‘City plan for land use’ was considered to have significant disagreement among researchers and government officers. However, the perceptions of industry practitioners were significantly different from those of researchers and government officers. The disagreements might be caused by the different interests, needs and objectives of related stakeholders. The findings of this study will likely prompt the policymakers in China to consider relevant CSFs to enhance the performance of construction and demolition waste management.
Zhiyu Huang; Mingxue Ma; Vivian W Y Tam; Hong Lang. Critical success factors for developing construction and demolition waste management in China. Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Engineering Sustainability 2021, 1 -11.
AMA StyleZhiyu Huang, Mingxue Ma, Vivian W Y Tam, Hong Lang. Critical success factors for developing construction and demolition waste management in China. Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Engineering Sustainability. 2021; ():1-11.
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhiyu Huang; Mingxue Ma; Vivian W Y Tam; Hong Lang. 2021. "Critical success factors for developing construction and demolition waste management in China." Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Engineering Sustainability , no. : 1-11.
Combination of natural ventilation approaches is a new trend for free space cooling/heating in buildings. A critical review was then undertaken to provide an overview of the combined technologies that hope to initialize new ideas and promote future endeavors. The advantages of the integrated natural ventilation systems can be summarized into several principles, including achieving beyond the existing performance by single system, maintaining indoor temperature stability, realizing heat energy recovery, overcoming the inadequacy of a single system, and providing a more comprehensive and useful energy-saving scheme. Most of the existing studies on combined systems are found based on thermal buoyancy, while only a small amount dealt with the combination of wind-driven and buoyancy-induce due to the complexity. Parametric studies in most previous studies focused on several major ones, so a systematic analysis is critically needed to address the performance of the overall combination to achieve stable and durable performance. A thoughtful investigation is also required to avert unpredictable delivery of air flow, such as through the manipulation of external wind forces. The related research focuses should also be shifted following the trend of multi-storey buildings under the rapidly growing population. No guideline was found that arranges these natural ventilation systems in terms of performance and applicability for their practical selections and usages. Also, the thermal bridge breaking in cold winter and condensation in summer may compromise the natural ventilation performance and durability, and longevity of buildings. The studies on the coupling between different natural ventilation systems are still insufficient, requiring quite a bit of effort in future works.
Haihua Zhang; Dong Yang; Vivian W.Y. Tam; Yao Tao; Guomin Zhang; Sujeeva Setunge; Long Shi. A critical review of combined natural ventilation techniques in sustainable buildings. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 2021, 141, 110795 .
AMA StyleHaihua Zhang, Dong Yang, Vivian W.Y. Tam, Yao Tao, Guomin Zhang, Sujeeva Setunge, Long Shi. A critical review of combined natural ventilation techniques in sustainable buildings. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 2021; 141 ():110795.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHaihua Zhang; Dong Yang; Vivian W.Y. Tam; Yao Tao; Guomin Zhang; Sujeeva Setunge; Long Shi. 2021. "A critical review of combined natural ventilation techniques in sustainable buildings." Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 141, no. : 110795.
The injection of CO2 into concrete, recycled aggregate and other cementitious materials provides potential for both sequestration of undesirable gas and strengthening of said materials. This paper endeavours to extend upon CO2 injection research by comparing carbon-conditioned recycled aggregate concrete (named as CO2 Concrete) to virgin aggregate concrete in terms of mechanical performance. To complete this objective, a primary investigation is to experiment different carbonation variables such as carbonation duration and pressure. A secondary investigation provides a starting point for further research by mixing carbonation technology with other supplementary concrete strengthening procedures. The primary investigation found that a practical 2-h carbonation duration couple with a low pressure of 25 kPA provided the best strengthening of mechanical properties. CO2 Concrete with 30% and 50% recycled aggregate replacement is very comparable in performance when rivalled against virgin aggregate concrete. Furthermore, CO2 Concrete with 100% replacement of virgin aggregate generally exceeded the control recycled aggregate concrete by 20% and achieved a mechanical property very close to that of the virgin aggregate concrete. However, whilst CO2 Concrete experienced an excellent enhancement, the modulus of elasticity of the environmental concrete must be improved as virgin aggregate concrete still surpasses CO2 Concrete by a fair margin. The secondary investigation shows that the mixing of techniques such as the two-stage mixing approach and carbonation of recycled aggregate can be used in conjunction with each other. This paper provides insight with evidence for the potential practical applications of CO2 Concrete.
Vivian Wy. Tam; Anthony Butera; Khoa N. Le. Mechanical properties of CO2 concrete utilising practical carbonation variables. Journal of Cleaner Production 2021, 294, 126307 .
AMA StyleVivian Wy. Tam, Anthony Butera, Khoa N. Le. Mechanical properties of CO2 concrete utilising practical carbonation variables. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2021; 294 ():126307.
Chicago/Turabian StyleVivian Wy. Tam; Anthony Butera; Khoa N. Le. 2021. "Mechanical properties of CO2 concrete utilising practical carbonation variables." Journal of Cleaner Production 294, no. : 126307.
The process of carbon-conditioning mixed recycled aggregate is known to strengthen the final mechanical properties of a recycled aggregate concrete. The accelerated injection of carbon dioxide (CO2) is able to provide a chemical reaction in which calcium hydroxide is converted into calcium carbonate. Consequently, the smaller calcium carbonate crystal densifies both the aggregate itself and interfacial transition zone of concrete. This paper reveals the time lasting effects of carbon-conditioning on mixed recycled aggregate exposed to CO2. Construction and demolition waste that does not contain calcium hydroxide experiences a weight gain when exposed to CO2, unfortunately, these materials such as bricks and tiles also forfeit this weight over time as the CO2 escapes their voids. Contrastingly, the recycled concrete used as aggregate is permanently densified as it does contain calcium hydroxide which can convert directly to calcium carbonate. The recycled aggregate that do not contain calcium hydroxide allow carbon dioxide to escape over a 216 h period, which if mixed into concrete promptly, can strengthen the final concretes interfacial transition zone and mechanical properties.
Vivian W. Y. Tam; Anthony Butera; Khoa N. Le. Mechanical Lasting Effectiveness of Carbon-Conditioning on Mixed Recycled Aggregate. Proceedings of the 23rd International Symposium on Advancement of Construction Management and Real Estate 2021, 1074 -1080.
AMA StyleVivian W. Y. Tam, Anthony Butera, Khoa N. Le. Mechanical Lasting Effectiveness of Carbon-Conditioning on Mixed Recycled Aggregate. Proceedings of the 23rd International Symposium on Advancement of Construction Management and Real Estate. 2021; ():1074-1080.
Chicago/Turabian StyleVivian W. Y. Tam; Anthony Butera; Khoa N. Le. 2021. "Mechanical Lasting Effectiveness of Carbon-Conditioning on Mixed Recycled Aggregate." Proceedings of the 23rd International Symposium on Advancement of Construction Management and Real Estate , no. : 1074-1080.
Green building implementation is one of the common discussions nowadays. For a building to be identified as a green building, there are certain requirements that need to be fulfilled. In order to evaluate the extent to which these buildings comply with these requirements, green building rating tools were developed by many countries. Green Star is the commonly used green building rating tool in Australia. This rating tool has four sets of rating tools and Green Star Design and As Built version 1.1 is the rating tool used to evaluate newly constructed green buildings. There are nine key criteria identified by this rating tool and out of which transport key criterion and land use and ecology key criterion have a significant influence towards the type and location of the plot of land. Each of these key criterion is further divided in to credits and each of these credits gain credits points. To achieve a higher Green Star rating the green building should satisfy higher number of credits. However, when achieving these credits there are certain initial costs that the building should incur. Therefore, most of the researches illustrate that first cost premium acts as a barrier to the green building implementation. In contrary to that, green buildings incur costs as well as savings throughout the life-cycle. Therefore, initial decision making for green buildings should be focusing on the life-cycle cost building. As a result, this research aim to identify optimum solutions for transport and land use and ecology credits focusing on the life-cycle impact. This research used net present value (NPV) technique for life-cycle costing. Based on the life-cycle cost and higher value of credits points, this research reported optimum solutions for each key criterion. For transport credits 17B.1Acess by Public Transport’, ‘T17B.5 Walkable Neighbourhood’, T17B.4 Active Transport Facilities’ and ‘T17B.2 Reduced Car Parking Provisions’ are the four optimum solutions. For land use and ecology key criteria ‘L23.1 Ecological Value’, ‘L24.1 Reuse of land’ and ‘L25 Heat Island Effect Reduction’ are identified as optimum solutions. These optimum credits can be used in green building implementation.
I.M. Chethana S. Illankoon; Vivian W. Y. Tam; Khoa N. Le; Cuong N. N. Tran. Optimum Solutions for Green Buildings: A Life-Cycle Cost Perspective Considering Transport and Land Use and Ecology Credits. Proceedings of the 23rd International Symposium on Advancement of Construction Management and Real Estate 2021, 1106 -1117.
AMA StyleI.M. Chethana S. Illankoon, Vivian W. Y. Tam, Khoa N. Le, Cuong N. N. Tran. Optimum Solutions for Green Buildings: A Life-Cycle Cost Perspective Considering Transport and Land Use and Ecology Credits. Proceedings of the 23rd International Symposium on Advancement of Construction Management and Real Estate. 2021; ():1106-1117.
Chicago/Turabian StyleI.M. Chethana S. Illankoon; Vivian W. Y. Tam; Khoa N. Le; Cuong N. N. Tran. 2021. "Optimum Solutions for Green Buildings: A Life-Cycle Cost Perspective Considering Transport and Land Use and Ecology Credits." Proceedings of the 23rd International Symposium on Advancement of Construction Management and Real Estate , no. : 1106-1117.
Technology of recycled aggregate is moving forward in a fast pace in Australia by having new technologies such as CO2 Concrete recently proposed by Australian scientists Construction industry has been observed to be still far behind the optimized efficient recycling approaches. This paper studies the reason behind this gap by conducting site visits and surveys. Concrete batching plants and construction and demolition waste recycling plants around Western Sydney have been visited, observed and interviews have been conducted with plant operators. Current ongoing urban development plans have also been identified and studied around the suburbs to propose solutions in fulfilling the existing recycled aggregate gaps on supply and demand. It has been estimated by the NSW government that in the next 20 years that Sydney metropolitan population will grow by around 1.6 million people and almost 1 million of them will be living in Western suburbs. The statement indicates the current existing huge demand for infrastructures including road constructions. In fact, recycled aggregate has mainly been trusted to be suitable for road sub-base material. The paper suggests two approaches in order to increase the current existing demand of recycled aggregate: (1) Introducing the new CO2 concrete technology in order to encourage concrete batching plants to use high quality recycled aggregate; and (2) proposing the idea of using recycled aggregate for the Western Sydney development plans.
Vivian W. Y. Tam; Farid Sartipi; Khoa N. Le. Gaps Between Supply and Demand of Recycled Aggregate: A Sydney Metropolitan Case Study. Proceedings of the 23rd International Symposium on Advancement of Construction Management and Real Estate 2021, 1050 -1059.
AMA StyleVivian W. Y. Tam, Farid Sartipi, Khoa N. Le. Gaps Between Supply and Demand of Recycled Aggregate: A Sydney Metropolitan Case Study. Proceedings of the 23rd International Symposium on Advancement of Construction Management and Real Estate. 2021; ():1050-1059.
Chicago/Turabian StyleVivian W. Y. Tam; Farid Sartipi; Khoa N. Le. 2021. "Gaps Between Supply and Demand of Recycled Aggregate: A Sydney Metropolitan Case Study." Proceedings of the 23rd International Symposium on Advancement of Construction Management and Real Estate , no. : 1050-1059.
Inspite of the improved understanding of many of the common causes affecting durability of recycled aggregate concrete, material failures due to chemical and physical attack are still of great concern to building and construction industry. Many studies have shown that using recycled aggregate in concrete suffers from durability problems caused mainly due to relatively porous residual mortar adhered to the surface of aggregate grains resulting in high water absorption, increase in permeability and shrinkage. Also the weaker interfacial transition zone (ITZ) of about 20–50 µm thickness around the aggregate particles, plays important role in reducing the bond strength between recycled aggregate and fresh concrete. These drawbacks have direct relevance in developing lower compressive strength and durability in recycled concrete and govern the penetration of deleterious substances in concrete by molecular diffusion and other transport processes, allowing access to carbonation, chloride ingress and sulfate attack. These shortcomings and negative effects on durability of recycled concrete can be mitigated with the use of proper mixing techniques, (i) using two-stage mixing process (ii) using high range superplasticisers and (iii) substitution of supplementary cementitious materials like metakaolin, flyash, slags and silica fume in recycled concrete.
Vivian W. Y. Tam; Mahfooz Soomro. Methods to Mitigate the Negative Effects on Durability of Recycled Aggregate Concrete. Proceedings of the 23rd International Symposium on Advancement of Construction Management and Real Estate 2021, 1132 -1144.
AMA StyleVivian W. Y. Tam, Mahfooz Soomro. Methods to Mitigate the Negative Effects on Durability of Recycled Aggregate Concrete. Proceedings of the 23rd International Symposium on Advancement of Construction Management and Real Estate. 2021; ():1132-1144.
Chicago/Turabian StyleVivian W. Y. Tam; Mahfooz Soomro. 2021. "Methods to Mitigate the Negative Effects on Durability of Recycled Aggregate Concrete." Proceedings of the 23rd International Symposium on Advancement of Construction Management and Real Estate , no. : 1132-1144.