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Prof. Dr. Runa Hellwig
Aalborg University, CREATE, Integrated Architectural Design

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0 Architecture
0 Thermal Comfort
0 Usability
0 Indoor environmental quality
0 sustainability buildings

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Thermal Comfort
personal control
adaptive comfort
Architecture
Indoor environmental quality
Energy Efficiency and Building Automation
multi-domain
sufficiency

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Journal article
Published: 13 October 2020 in Sustainability
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A discussion of sustainability in architecture cannot be meaningfully carried out without the inclusion of most buildings’ central purpose, namely the provision of indoor environments that are accommodating of occupants’ needs and requirements. To this end, building designers and operators are expected to demonstrate compliance with codes and standards pertaining to indoor environmental quality (IEQ). However, the majority of conventional IEQ standards, codes, and guidelines have a single-domain character, in that they address IEQ in terms of a number of isolated domains (i.e., thermal, visual, acoustic, air quality). In this context, the present contribution explores the current state of multi-domain IEQ evaluation approaches and the necessary conditions for their further development and application. Toward this end, a number of common building rating schemes were selected and analyzed in detail. The results of this assessment imply the necessity of both short-term improvements of the existing schemes in terms of the transparency and plausibility of the applied point allocation and weighting strategies and the fundamental need for a deeper empirically grounded understanding of the nature of occupants’ perception of and behavior in the built environments.

ACS Style

Ardeshir Mahdavi; Christiane Berger; Veselina Bochukova; Leonidas Bourikas; Runa Hellwig; Quan Jin; Anna Pisello; Marcel Schweiker. Necessary Conditions for Multi-Domain Indoor Environmental Quality Standards. Sustainability 2020, 12, 8439 .

AMA Style

Ardeshir Mahdavi, Christiane Berger, Veselina Bochukova, Leonidas Bourikas, Runa Hellwig, Quan Jin, Anna Pisello, Marcel Schweiker. Necessary Conditions for Multi-Domain Indoor Environmental Quality Standards. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (20):8439.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ardeshir Mahdavi; Christiane Berger; Veselina Bochukova; Leonidas Bourikas; Runa Hellwig; Quan Jin; Anna Pisello; Marcel Schweiker. 2020. "Necessary Conditions for Multi-Domain Indoor Environmental Quality Standards." Sustainability 12, no. 20: 8439.

Conference paper
Published: 30 June 2020 in E3S Web of Conferences
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Literature sets personal control over indoor environmental conditions in relation to the gap between predicted and actual energy use, the gap between predicted and observed user satisfaction, and health aspects. A focus on building energy performance often leads to the proposal of more automated and less occupant control of the indoor environment. However, a high degree of personal control is desirable because research shows that a low degree (or no) personal control highly correlates with indoor environmental dissatisfaction and sick building syndrome symptoms. These two tendencies seem contradictory and optimisation almost impossible. Based on current efficiency classes describing the effect of room automation systems on building energy use during operation, fundamental thoughts related to thermophysiology and control, recent laboratory experiments, important lessons learnt from post-occupancy studies, and documented conceptual frameworks on the level of control perceived, we discuss the ambivalence of personal control and how much personal control is adequate. Often-proposed solutions ranging from fully automated controls, over manual controls to dummy controls are discussed according to their effect on a) building energy use during operation and b) occupants perceived control. The discussion points to the importance of adequate personal control. In order to meet the goals for nearly zero energy buildings and for a human-centric design, there is the need to establish design procedures for adequate personal control as part of the design process.

ACS Style

Runa Hellwig; Marcel Schweiker; Atze Boerstra. The ambivalence of personal control over indoor climate – how much personal control is adequate? E3S Web of Conferences 2020, 172, 06010 .

AMA Style

Runa Hellwig, Marcel Schweiker, Atze Boerstra. The ambivalence of personal control over indoor climate – how much personal control is adequate? E3S Web of Conferences. 2020; 172 ():06010.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Runa Hellwig; Marcel Schweiker; Atze Boerstra. 2020. "The ambivalence of personal control over indoor climate – how much personal control is adequate?" E3S Web of Conferences 172, no. : 06010.

Journal article
Published: 22 May 2020 in Energy and Buildings
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This study aims to investigate occupants’ perception of feeling comfortable over different seasons in offices located in Amman, Jordan, to determine the comfort temperature zones, and to compare the results developed from this study with other adaptive models and standards. It is based on longitudinal field surveys, which were conducted in three office buildings, two mixed mode buildings and a naturally ventilated building, during four seasons: April 2016 (spring), July/August 2016 (summer), October 2016 (autumn) and January/February 2017 (winter). A total of 119 occupants participated in the thermal comfort surveys and completed 659 questionnaires. The free running building experienced a variation in operative temperature during the four seasons, while median temperatures in the mixed-mode buildings were around 23 to 24°C during all seasons. Occupants felt comfortable in a broad range of thermal sensations from ‘cool’ to ‘warm’. Thermal comfort was expressed by a high proportion of the occupants. Occupants changed their clothing insulation with season, whereby compared to winter some occupants showed a changed clothing insulation already in the spring survey and others only in the summer and autumn survey. A Loess analysis between the temperatures at which the occupants felt comfortable and the running mean outdoor temperature indicated independency between the two variables in case of the mixed-mode buildings at running mean temperatures below 22°C, but a trend towards decreasing comfort temperature above 22°C. The comfort temperature in both mixed mode buildings was around 23.5°C. In the free running building, a monotonically increasing linear relation between the two variables was found at running mean outdoor temperatures below appr. 24°C, but a constant comfort temperature of about 26°C above this value. Compared to the adaptive comfort models in ASHRAE Standard 55 and EN 15251 the gradient in the adaptive comfort equation resulting from the free running building in Amman was higher. Although the occupants adjusted their clothing insulation level, the median comfort temperatures were more or less constant all year round in the mixed mode buildings.

ACS Style

Farah Al-Atrash; Runa T. Hellwig; Andreas Wagner. The degree of adaptive thermal comfort in office workers in a hot-summer Mediterranean climate. Energy and Buildings 2020, 223, 110147 .

AMA Style

Farah Al-Atrash, Runa T. Hellwig, Andreas Wagner. The degree of adaptive thermal comfort in office workers in a hot-summer Mediterranean climate. Energy and Buildings. 2020; 223 ():110147.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Farah Al-Atrash; Runa T. Hellwig; Andreas Wagner. 2020. "The degree of adaptive thermal comfort in office workers in a hot-summer Mediterranean climate." Energy and Buildings 223, no. : 110147.

Journal article
Published: 11 March 2020 in Energy and Buildings
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Thermal comfort research has been traditionally based on cross-sectional studies and spatial aggregation of individual surveys at building level. This research design is susceptible to compositional effects and may lead to error in identifying predictors to thermal comfort indices, in particular in relation to adaptive mechanisms. A relationship between comfort and different predictors can be true at an individual level but not evident at the building level. In addition, cross-sectional studies overlook temporal changes in individual thermal perception due to contextual factors. To address these limitations, this study applied a longitudinal research design over 8 to 21 months in eight buildings located in six countries around the world. The dataset comprises of 5,567 individual thermal comfort surveys from 258 participants. The analysis aggregated survey responses at participant level and clustered participants according to their thermal sensation votes (TSV). Four TSV clusters were introduced, representing four different thermal sensation traits. Further analysis reviewed the probability of cluster membership in relation to demographic characteristics and behavioural adaptation. Finally, the analysis at individual level enabled the introduction of a new metric, the thermal zone (Zt), which in this study ranges from 21.5 °C to 26.6 °C. The thermal sensation traits and person-centric thermal zone (Zt) are a first step into the development of new metrics incorporating individual perceived comfort into dynamic building controls for adaptive buildings.

ACS Style

Stephanie Gauthier; Leonidas Bourikas; Farah Al‐Atrash; ChiHye Bae; Chungyoon Chun; Richard de Dear; Runa T. Hellwig; Jungsoo Kim; Suhyun Kwon; Rodrigo Mora; Himani Pandya; Rajan Rawal; Federico Tartarini; Rohit Upadhyay; Andreas Wagner. The colours of comfort: From thermal sensation to person-centric thermal zones for adaptive building strategies. Energy and Buildings 2020, 216, 109936 .

AMA Style

Stephanie Gauthier, Leonidas Bourikas, Farah Al‐Atrash, ChiHye Bae, Chungyoon Chun, Richard de Dear, Runa T. Hellwig, Jungsoo Kim, Suhyun Kwon, Rodrigo Mora, Himani Pandya, Rajan Rawal, Federico Tartarini, Rohit Upadhyay, Andreas Wagner. The colours of comfort: From thermal sensation to person-centric thermal zones for adaptive building strategies. Energy and Buildings. 2020; 216 ():109936.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Stephanie Gauthier; Leonidas Bourikas; Farah Al‐Atrash; ChiHye Bae; Chungyoon Chun; Richard de Dear; Runa T. Hellwig; Jungsoo Kim; Suhyun Kwon; Rodrigo Mora; Himani Pandya; Rajan Rawal; Federico Tartarini; Rohit Upadhyay; Andreas Wagner. 2020. "The colours of comfort: From thermal sensation to person-centric thermal zones for adaptive building strategies." Energy and Buildings 216, no. : 109936.

Journal article
Published: 10 January 2020 in Energy and Buildings
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People's subjective response to any thermal environment is commonly investigated by using rating scales describing the degree of thermal sensation, comfort, and acceptability. Subsequent analyses of results collected in this way rely on the assumption that specific distances between verbal anchors placed on the scale exist and that relationships between verbal anchors from different dimensions that are assessed (e.g. thermal sensation and comfort) do not change. Another inherent assumption is that such scales are independent of the context in which they are used (climate zone, season, etc.). Despite their use worldwide, there is indication that contextual differences influence the way the scales are perceived and therefore question the reliability of the scales’ interpretation. To address this issue, a large international collaborative questionnaire study was conducted in 26 countries, using 21 different languages, which led to a dataset of 8225 questionnaires. Results, analysed by means of robust statistical techniques, revealed that only a subset of the responses are in accordance with the mentioned assumptions. Significant differences appeared between groups of participants in their perception of the scales, both in relation to distances of the anchors and relationships between scales. It was also found that respondents’ interpretations of scales changed with contextual factors, such as climate, season, and language. These findings highlight the need to carefully consider context-dependent factors in interpreting and reporting results from thermal comfort studies or post-occupancy evaluations, as well as to revisit the use of rating scales and the analysis methods used in thermal comfort studies to improve their reliability.

ACS Style

Marcel Schweiker; Maíra André; Farah Al-Atrash; Hanan Al-Khatri; Rea Risky Alprianti; Hayder Alsaad; Rucha Amin; Eleni Ampatzi; Alpha Yacob Arsano; Elie Azar; Bahareh Bannazadeh; Amina Batagarawa; Susanne Becker; Carolina Buonocore; Bin Cao; Joon-Ho Choi; Chungyoon Chun; Hein Daanen; Siti Aisyah Damiati; Lyrian Daniel; Renata De Vecchi; Shivraj Dhaka; Samuel Domínguez-Amarillo; Edyta Dudkiewicz; Lakshmi Prabha Edappilly; Jesica Fernández-Agüera; Mireille Folkerts; Arjan Frijns; Gabriel V. Gaona; Vishal Garg; Stephanie Gauthier; Shahla Ghaffari Jabbari; Djamila Harimi; Runa T. Hellwig; Gesche M Huebner; Quan Jin; Mina Jowkar; Jungsoo Kim; Nelson King; Boris Kingma; M. Donny Koerniawan; Jakub Kolarik; Shailendra Kumar; Alison Kwok; Roberto Lamberts; Marta Laska; M.C. Jeffrey Lee; Yoonhee Lee; Vanessa Lindermayr; MohammadBagher Mahaki; Udochukwu Marcel-Okafor; Laura Marín-Restrepo; Anna Marquardsen; Francesco Martellotta; Jyotirmay Mathur; Isabel Mino-Rodriguez; Azadeh Montazami; Di Mou; Bassam Moujalled; Mia Nakajima; Edward Y Y Ng; Marcellinus Okafor; Mark Olweny; Wanlu Ouyang; Ana Lígia Papst de Abreu; Alexis Pérez Fargallo; Indrika Rajapaksha; Greici Ramos; Saif Rashid; Christoph F. Reinhart; Maria Isabel Rivera-Barraza; Mazyar Salmanzadeh; Karin Schakib-Ekbatan; Stefano Schiavon; Salman Shooshtarian; Masanori Shukuya; Veronica Soebarto; Suhendri Suhendri; Mohammad Tahsildoost; Federico Tartarini; Despoina Teli; Priyam Tewari; Samar Thapa; Maureen Trebilcock; Jörg Trojan; Ruqayyatu B. Tukur; Conrad Voelker; Yeung Yam; Liu Yang; Gabriela Zapata-Lancaster; Yongchao Zhai; Yingxin Zhu; Zahrasadat Zomorodian. Evaluating assumptions of scales for subjective assessment of thermal environments – Do laypersons perceive them the way, we researchers believe? Energy and Buildings 2020, 211, 109761 .

AMA Style

Marcel Schweiker, Maíra André, Farah Al-Atrash, Hanan Al-Khatri, Rea Risky Alprianti, Hayder Alsaad, Rucha Amin, Eleni Ampatzi, Alpha Yacob Arsano, Elie Azar, Bahareh Bannazadeh, Amina Batagarawa, Susanne Becker, Carolina Buonocore, Bin Cao, Joon-Ho Choi, Chungyoon Chun, Hein Daanen, Siti Aisyah Damiati, Lyrian Daniel, Renata De Vecchi, Shivraj Dhaka, Samuel Domínguez-Amarillo, Edyta Dudkiewicz, Lakshmi Prabha Edappilly, Jesica Fernández-Agüera, Mireille Folkerts, Arjan Frijns, Gabriel V. Gaona, Vishal Garg, Stephanie Gauthier, Shahla Ghaffari Jabbari, Djamila Harimi, Runa T. Hellwig, Gesche M Huebner, Quan Jin, Mina Jowkar, Jungsoo Kim, Nelson King, Boris Kingma, M. Donny Koerniawan, Jakub Kolarik, Shailendra Kumar, Alison Kwok, Roberto Lamberts, Marta Laska, M.C. Jeffrey Lee, Yoonhee Lee, Vanessa Lindermayr, MohammadBagher Mahaki, Udochukwu Marcel-Okafor, Laura Marín-Restrepo, Anna Marquardsen, Francesco Martellotta, Jyotirmay Mathur, Isabel Mino-Rodriguez, Azadeh Montazami, Di Mou, Bassam Moujalled, Mia Nakajima, Edward Y Y Ng, Marcellinus Okafor, Mark Olweny, Wanlu Ouyang, Ana Lígia Papst de Abreu, Alexis Pérez Fargallo, Indrika Rajapaksha, Greici Ramos, Saif Rashid, Christoph F. Reinhart, Maria Isabel Rivera-Barraza, Mazyar Salmanzadeh, Karin Schakib-Ekbatan, Stefano Schiavon, Salman Shooshtarian, Masanori Shukuya, Veronica Soebarto, Suhendri Suhendri, Mohammad Tahsildoost, Federico Tartarini, Despoina Teli, Priyam Tewari, Samar Thapa, Maureen Trebilcock, Jörg Trojan, Ruqayyatu B. Tukur, Conrad Voelker, Yeung Yam, Liu Yang, Gabriela Zapata-Lancaster, Yongchao Zhai, Yingxin Zhu, Zahrasadat Zomorodian. Evaluating assumptions of scales for subjective assessment of thermal environments – Do laypersons perceive them the way, we researchers believe? Energy and Buildings. 2020; 211 ():109761.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Marcel Schweiker; Maíra André; Farah Al-Atrash; Hanan Al-Khatri; Rea Risky Alprianti; Hayder Alsaad; Rucha Amin; Eleni Ampatzi; Alpha Yacob Arsano; Elie Azar; Bahareh Bannazadeh; Amina Batagarawa; Susanne Becker; Carolina Buonocore; Bin Cao; Joon-Ho Choi; Chungyoon Chun; Hein Daanen; Siti Aisyah Damiati; Lyrian Daniel; Renata De Vecchi; Shivraj Dhaka; Samuel Domínguez-Amarillo; Edyta Dudkiewicz; Lakshmi Prabha Edappilly; Jesica Fernández-Agüera; Mireille Folkerts; Arjan Frijns; Gabriel V. Gaona; Vishal Garg; Stephanie Gauthier; Shahla Ghaffari Jabbari; Djamila Harimi; Runa T. Hellwig; Gesche M Huebner; Quan Jin; Mina Jowkar; Jungsoo Kim; Nelson King; Boris Kingma; M. Donny Koerniawan; Jakub Kolarik; Shailendra Kumar; Alison Kwok; Roberto Lamberts; Marta Laska; M.C. Jeffrey Lee; Yoonhee Lee; Vanessa Lindermayr; MohammadBagher Mahaki; Udochukwu Marcel-Okafor; Laura Marín-Restrepo; Anna Marquardsen; Francesco Martellotta; Jyotirmay Mathur; Isabel Mino-Rodriguez; Azadeh Montazami; Di Mou; Bassam Moujalled; Mia Nakajima; Edward Y Y Ng; Marcellinus Okafor; Mark Olweny; Wanlu Ouyang; Ana Lígia Papst de Abreu; Alexis Pérez Fargallo; Indrika Rajapaksha; Greici Ramos; Saif Rashid; Christoph F. Reinhart; Maria Isabel Rivera-Barraza; Mazyar Salmanzadeh; Karin Schakib-Ekbatan; Stefano Schiavon; Salman Shooshtarian; Masanori Shukuya; Veronica Soebarto; Suhendri Suhendri; Mohammad Tahsildoost; Federico Tartarini; Despoina Teli; Priyam Tewari; Samar Thapa; Maureen Trebilcock; Jörg Trojan; Ruqayyatu B. Tukur; Conrad Voelker; Yeung Yam; Liu Yang; Gabriela Zapata-Lancaster; Yongchao Zhai; Yingxin Zhu; Zahrasadat Zomorodian. 2020. "Evaluating assumptions of scales for subjective assessment of thermal environments – Do laypersons perceive them the way, we researchers believe?" Energy and Buildings 211, no. : 109761.

Publisher correction
Published: 06 January 2020 in Scientific Data
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An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

ACS Style

Marcel Schweiker; Amar Abdul-Zahra; Maíra André; Farah Al-Atrash; Hanan Al-Khatri; Rea Risky Alprianti; Hayder Alsaad; Rucha Amin; Eleni Ampatzi; Alpha Yacob Arsano; Montazami Azadeh; Elie Azar; Bannazadeh Bahareh; Amina Batagarawa; Susanne Becker; Carolina Buonocore; Bin Cao; Joon-Ho Choi; Chungyoon Chun; Hein Daanen; Siti Aisyah Damiati; Lyrian Daniel; Renata De Vecchi; Shivraj Dhaka; Samuel Domínguez-Amarillo; Edyta Dudkiewicz; Lakshmi Prabha Edappilly; Jesica Fernández-Agüera; Mireille Folkerts; Arjan Frijns; Gabriel Gaona; Vishal Garg; Stephanie Gauthier; Shahla Ghaffari Jabbari; Djamila Harimi; Runa T. Hellwig; Gesche M. Huebner; Quan Jin; Mina Jowkar; Renate Kania; Jungsoo Kim; Nelson King; Boris Kingma; M. Donny Koerniawan; Jakub Kolarik; Shailendra Kumar; Alison Kwok; Roberto Lamberts; Marta Laska; M. C. Jeffrey Lee; Yoonhee Lee; Vanessa Lindermayr; MohammadBagher Mahaki; Udochukwu Marcel-Okafor; Laura Marín-Restrepo; Anna Marquardsen; Francesco Martellotta; Jyotirmay Mathur; Gráinne McGill; Isabel Mino-Rodriguez; Di Mou; Bassam Moujalled; Mia Nakajima; Edward Y Y Ng; Marcellinus Okafor; Mark Olweny; Wanlu Ouyang; Ana Ligia Papst De Abreu; Alexis Pérez-Fargallo; Indrika Rajapaksha; Greici Ramos; Saif Rashid; Christoph F. Reinhart; Ma. Isabel Rivera; Mazyar Salmanzadeh; Karin Schakib-Ekbatan; Stefano Schiavon; Salman Shooshtarian; Masanori Shukuya; Veronica Soebarto; Suhendri; Mohammad Tahsildoost; Federico Tartarini; Despoina Teli; Priyam Tewari; Samar Thapa; Maureen Trebilcock; Jörg Trojan; Ruqayyatu B. Tukur; Conrad Voelker; Yeung Yam; Liu Yang; Gabriela Zapata-Lancaster; Yongchao Zhai; Yingxin Zhu; Zahra Sadat Zomorodian. Publisher Correction: The Scales Project, a cross-national dataset on the interpretation of thermal perception scales. Scientific Data 2020, 7, 1 -1.

AMA Style

Marcel Schweiker, Amar Abdul-Zahra, Maíra André, Farah Al-Atrash, Hanan Al-Khatri, Rea Risky Alprianti, Hayder Alsaad, Rucha Amin, Eleni Ampatzi, Alpha Yacob Arsano, Montazami Azadeh, Elie Azar, Bannazadeh Bahareh, Amina Batagarawa, Susanne Becker, Carolina Buonocore, Bin Cao, Joon-Ho Choi, Chungyoon Chun, Hein Daanen, Siti Aisyah Damiati, Lyrian Daniel, Renata De Vecchi, Shivraj Dhaka, Samuel Domínguez-Amarillo, Edyta Dudkiewicz, Lakshmi Prabha Edappilly, Jesica Fernández-Agüera, Mireille Folkerts, Arjan Frijns, Gabriel Gaona, Vishal Garg, Stephanie Gauthier, Shahla Ghaffari Jabbari, Djamila Harimi, Runa T. Hellwig, Gesche M. Huebner, Quan Jin, Mina Jowkar, Renate Kania, Jungsoo Kim, Nelson King, Boris Kingma, M. Donny Koerniawan, Jakub Kolarik, Shailendra Kumar, Alison Kwok, Roberto Lamberts, Marta Laska, M. C. Jeffrey Lee, Yoonhee Lee, Vanessa Lindermayr, MohammadBagher Mahaki, Udochukwu Marcel-Okafor, Laura Marín-Restrepo, Anna Marquardsen, Francesco Martellotta, Jyotirmay Mathur, Gráinne McGill, Isabel Mino-Rodriguez, Di Mou, Bassam Moujalled, Mia Nakajima, Edward Y Y Ng, Marcellinus Okafor, Mark Olweny, Wanlu Ouyang, Ana Ligia Papst De Abreu, Alexis Pérez-Fargallo, Indrika Rajapaksha, Greici Ramos, Saif Rashid, Christoph F. Reinhart, Ma. Isabel Rivera, Mazyar Salmanzadeh, Karin Schakib-Ekbatan, Stefano Schiavon, Salman Shooshtarian, Masanori Shukuya, Veronica Soebarto, Suhendri, Mohammad Tahsildoost, Federico Tartarini, Despoina Teli, Priyam Tewari, Samar Thapa, Maureen Trebilcock, Jörg Trojan, Ruqayyatu B. Tukur, Conrad Voelker, Yeung Yam, Liu Yang, Gabriela Zapata-Lancaster, Yongchao Zhai, Yingxin Zhu, Zahra Sadat Zomorodian. Publisher Correction: The Scales Project, a cross-national dataset on the interpretation of thermal perception scales. Scientific Data. 2020; 7 (1):1-1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Marcel Schweiker; Amar Abdul-Zahra; Maíra André; Farah Al-Atrash; Hanan Al-Khatri; Rea Risky Alprianti; Hayder Alsaad; Rucha Amin; Eleni Ampatzi; Alpha Yacob Arsano; Montazami Azadeh; Elie Azar; Bannazadeh Bahareh; Amina Batagarawa; Susanne Becker; Carolina Buonocore; Bin Cao; Joon-Ho Choi; Chungyoon Chun; Hein Daanen; Siti Aisyah Damiati; Lyrian Daniel; Renata De Vecchi; Shivraj Dhaka; Samuel Domínguez-Amarillo; Edyta Dudkiewicz; Lakshmi Prabha Edappilly; Jesica Fernández-Agüera; Mireille Folkerts; Arjan Frijns; Gabriel Gaona; Vishal Garg; Stephanie Gauthier; Shahla Ghaffari Jabbari; Djamila Harimi; Runa T. Hellwig; Gesche M. Huebner; Quan Jin; Mina Jowkar; Renate Kania; Jungsoo Kim; Nelson King; Boris Kingma; M. Donny Koerniawan; Jakub Kolarik; Shailendra Kumar; Alison Kwok; Roberto Lamberts; Marta Laska; M. C. Jeffrey Lee; Yoonhee Lee; Vanessa Lindermayr; MohammadBagher Mahaki; Udochukwu Marcel-Okafor; Laura Marín-Restrepo; Anna Marquardsen; Francesco Martellotta; Jyotirmay Mathur; Gráinne McGill; Isabel Mino-Rodriguez; Di Mou; Bassam Moujalled; Mia Nakajima; Edward Y Y Ng; Marcellinus Okafor; Mark Olweny; Wanlu Ouyang; Ana Ligia Papst De Abreu; Alexis Pérez-Fargallo; Indrika Rajapaksha; Greici Ramos; Saif Rashid; Christoph F. Reinhart; Ma. Isabel Rivera; Mazyar Salmanzadeh; Karin Schakib-Ekbatan; Stefano Schiavon; Salman Shooshtarian; Masanori Shukuya; Veronica Soebarto; Suhendri; Mohammad Tahsildoost; Federico Tartarini; Despoina Teli; Priyam Tewari; Samar Thapa; Maureen Trebilcock; Jörg Trojan; Ruqayyatu B. Tukur; Conrad Voelker; Yeung Yam; Liu Yang; Gabriela Zapata-Lancaster; Yongchao Zhai; Yingxin Zhu; Zahra Sadat Zomorodian. 2020. "Publisher Correction: The Scales Project, a cross-national dataset on the interpretation of thermal perception scales." Scientific Data 7, no. 1: 1-1.

Data descriptor
Published: 26 November 2019 in Scientific Data
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Thermal discomfort is one of the main triggers for occupants’ interactions with components of the built environment such as adjustments of thermostats and/or opening windows and strongly related to the energy use in buildings. Understanding causes for thermal (dis-)comfort is crucial for design and operation of any type of building. The assessment of human thermal perception through rating scales, for example in post-occupancy studies, has been applied for several decades; however, long-existing assumptions related to these rating scales had been questioned by several researchers. The aim of this study was to gain deeper knowledge on contextual influences on the interpretation of thermal perception scales and their verbal anchors by survey participants. A questionnaire was designed and consequently applied in 21 language versions. These surveys were conducted in 57 cities in 30 countries resulting in a dataset containing responses from 8225 participants. The database offers potential for further analysis in the areas of building design and operation, psycho-physical relationships between human perception and the built environment, and linguistic analyses.

ACS Style

Marcel Schweiker; Amar Abdul-Zahra; Maíra André; Farah Al-Atrash; Hanan Al-Khatri; Rea Risky Alprianti; Hayder Alsaad; Rucha Amin; Eleni Ampatzi; Alpha Yacob Arsano; Montazami Azadeh; Elie Azar; Bannazadeh Bahareh; Amina Batagarawa; Susanne Becker; Carolina Buonocore; Bin Cao; Joon-Ho Choi; Chungyoon Chun; Hein Daanen; Siti Aisyah Damiati; Lyrian Daniel; Renata De Vecchi; Shivraj Dhaka; Samuel Domínguez-Amarillo; Edyta Dudkiewicz; Lakshmi Prabha Edappilly; Jesica Fernández-Agüera; Mireille Folkerts; Arjan Frijns; Gabriel Gaona; Vishal Garg; Stephanie Gauthier; Shahla Ghaffari Jabbari; Djamila Harimi; Runa T. Hellwig; Gesche M. Huebner; Quan Jin; Mina Jowkar; Renate Kania; Jungsoo Kim; Nelson King; Boris Kingma; M. Donny Koerniawan; Jakub Kolarik; Shailendra Kumar; Alison Kwok; Roberto Lamberts; Marta Laska; M. C. Jeffrey Lee; Yoonhee Lee; Vanessa Lindermayr; MohammadBagher Mahaki; Udochukwu Marcel-Okafor; Laura Marín-Restrepo; Anna Marquardsen; Francesco Martellotta; Jyotirmay Mathur; Gráinne McGill; Isabel Mino-Rodriguez; Di Mou; Bassam Moujalled; Mia Nakajima; Edward Y Y Ng; Marcellinus Okafor; Mark Olweny; Wanlu Ouyang; Ana Ligia Papst De Abreu; Alexis Pérez-Fargallo; Indrika Rajapaksha; Greici Ramos; Saif Rashid; Christoph F. Reinhart; Ma. Isabel Rivera; Mazyar Salmanzadeh; Karin Schakib-Ekbatan; Stefano Schiavon; Salman Shooshtarian; Masanori Shukuya; Veronica Soebarto; Suhendri; Mohammad Tahsildoost; Federico Tartarini; Despoina Teli; Priyam Tewari; Samar Thapa; Maureen Trebilcock; Jörg Trojan; Ruqayyatu B. Tukur; Conrad Voelker; Yeung Yam; Liu Yang; Gabriela Zapata-Lancaster; Yongchao Zhai; Yingxin Zhu; Zahra Sadat Zomorodian. The Scales Project, a cross-national dataset on the interpretation of thermal perception scales. Scientific Data 2019, 6, 1 -10.

AMA Style

Marcel Schweiker, Amar Abdul-Zahra, Maíra André, Farah Al-Atrash, Hanan Al-Khatri, Rea Risky Alprianti, Hayder Alsaad, Rucha Amin, Eleni Ampatzi, Alpha Yacob Arsano, Montazami Azadeh, Elie Azar, Bannazadeh Bahareh, Amina Batagarawa, Susanne Becker, Carolina Buonocore, Bin Cao, Joon-Ho Choi, Chungyoon Chun, Hein Daanen, Siti Aisyah Damiati, Lyrian Daniel, Renata De Vecchi, Shivraj Dhaka, Samuel Domínguez-Amarillo, Edyta Dudkiewicz, Lakshmi Prabha Edappilly, Jesica Fernández-Agüera, Mireille Folkerts, Arjan Frijns, Gabriel Gaona, Vishal Garg, Stephanie Gauthier, Shahla Ghaffari Jabbari, Djamila Harimi, Runa T. Hellwig, Gesche M. Huebner, Quan Jin, Mina Jowkar, Renate Kania, Jungsoo Kim, Nelson King, Boris Kingma, M. Donny Koerniawan, Jakub Kolarik, Shailendra Kumar, Alison Kwok, Roberto Lamberts, Marta Laska, M. C. Jeffrey Lee, Yoonhee Lee, Vanessa Lindermayr, MohammadBagher Mahaki, Udochukwu Marcel-Okafor, Laura Marín-Restrepo, Anna Marquardsen, Francesco Martellotta, Jyotirmay Mathur, Gráinne McGill, Isabel Mino-Rodriguez, Di Mou, Bassam Moujalled, Mia Nakajima, Edward Y Y Ng, Marcellinus Okafor, Mark Olweny, Wanlu Ouyang, Ana Ligia Papst De Abreu, Alexis Pérez-Fargallo, Indrika Rajapaksha, Greici Ramos, Saif Rashid, Christoph F. Reinhart, Ma. Isabel Rivera, Mazyar Salmanzadeh, Karin Schakib-Ekbatan, Stefano Schiavon, Salman Shooshtarian, Masanori Shukuya, Veronica Soebarto, Suhendri, Mohammad Tahsildoost, Federico Tartarini, Despoina Teli, Priyam Tewari, Samar Thapa, Maureen Trebilcock, Jörg Trojan, Ruqayyatu B. Tukur, Conrad Voelker, Yeung Yam, Liu Yang, Gabriela Zapata-Lancaster, Yongchao Zhai, Yingxin Zhu, Zahra Sadat Zomorodian. The Scales Project, a cross-national dataset on the interpretation of thermal perception scales. Scientific Data. 2019; 6 (1):1-10.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Marcel Schweiker; Amar Abdul-Zahra; Maíra André; Farah Al-Atrash; Hanan Al-Khatri; Rea Risky Alprianti; Hayder Alsaad; Rucha Amin; Eleni Ampatzi; Alpha Yacob Arsano; Montazami Azadeh; Elie Azar; Bannazadeh Bahareh; Amina Batagarawa; Susanne Becker; Carolina Buonocore; Bin Cao; Joon-Ho Choi; Chungyoon Chun; Hein Daanen; Siti Aisyah Damiati; Lyrian Daniel; Renata De Vecchi; Shivraj Dhaka; Samuel Domínguez-Amarillo; Edyta Dudkiewicz; Lakshmi Prabha Edappilly; Jesica Fernández-Agüera; Mireille Folkerts; Arjan Frijns; Gabriel Gaona; Vishal Garg; Stephanie Gauthier; Shahla Ghaffari Jabbari; Djamila Harimi; Runa T. Hellwig; Gesche M. Huebner; Quan Jin; Mina Jowkar; Renate Kania; Jungsoo Kim; Nelson King; Boris Kingma; M. Donny Koerniawan; Jakub Kolarik; Shailendra Kumar; Alison Kwok; Roberto Lamberts; Marta Laska; M. C. Jeffrey Lee; Yoonhee Lee; Vanessa Lindermayr; MohammadBagher Mahaki; Udochukwu Marcel-Okafor; Laura Marín-Restrepo; Anna Marquardsen; Francesco Martellotta; Jyotirmay Mathur; Gráinne McGill; Isabel Mino-Rodriguez; Di Mou; Bassam Moujalled; Mia Nakajima; Edward Y Y Ng; Marcellinus Okafor; Mark Olweny; Wanlu Ouyang; Ana Ligia Papst De Abreu; Alexis Pérez-Fargallo; Indrika Rajapaksha; Greici Ramos; Saif Rashid; Christoph F. Reinhart; Ma. Isabel Rivera; Mazyar Salmanzadeh; Karin Schakib-Ekbatan; Stefano Schiavon; Salman Shooshtarian; Masanori Shukuya; Veronica Soebarto; Suhendri; Mohammad Tahsildoost; Federico Tartarini; Despoina Teli; Priyam Tewari; Samar Thapa; Maureen Trebilcock; Jörg Trojan; Ruqayyatu B. Tukur; Conrad Voelker; Yeung Yam; Liu Yang; Gabriela Zapata-Lancaster; Yongchao Zhai; Yingxin Zhu; Zahra Sadat Zomorodian. 2019. "The Scales Project, a cross-national dataset on the interpretation of thermal perception scales." Scientific Data 6, no. 1: 1-10.

Conference paper
Published: 31 October 2019 in IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science
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Recent research results from different countries show that although energy efficiency measures in buildings indeed led to lower energy use in buildings, there is a performance gap between the calculated energy use and the actual measured energy use in energy-efficient houses, leading to a higher energy use than predicted. Thermal comfort related behaviour is one out of manifold reasons contributing to this performance gap. Thermal comfort requirements are based on objectively measurable parameters. A number of contextual factors impact an individual's thermal comfort perception and preference. Technological opportunities and material arrangements offer several ways to conditioning indoor environments. Research shows that they shape the occupants' thermal comfort attitudes. Over time, technology as conditioning practice and insulation has led to different thermal comfort practice in buildings contributing to this performance gap. As humans show an excellent adaptation potential towards a wide range of temperature, enabling them to adapt to diverse climates but also seasonally, it follows also the adaptation process can work in the opposite direction. Hence, that with reduced exposure to outdoor weather and more narrow temperature ranges inside building humans might also adapt to indoor thermal conditions and get more sensitive to small indoor temperature changes, leading probably to higher indoor temperature over time ("indoor exposure rebound"). As our energy conservation efforts of the recent years show less effects than expected, it seems that the two mainly applied sustainability strategies efficiency and consistency have limited effects as they are affected by rebound phenomena. Sufficiency, as the third sustainability strategy, is not yet a generally accepted strategy. It refers to what has been described as "the right measure". The question of what would be "the right measure" of indoor thermal comfort, meaning what thermal conditions would be sufficient, can be raised. Based on a discussion of findings from literature, it will be concluded that there is a need for a new thermal comfort thinking in climates which have the need for seasonal or all year round active conditioning leading to a more sufficient conditioning practice.

ACS Style

Runa Hellwig. On the relation of thermal comfort practice and the energy performance gap. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 2019, 352, 012049 .

AMA Style

Runa Hellwig. On the relation of thermal comfort practice and the energy performance gap. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 2019; 352 (1):012049.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Runa Hellwig. 2019. "On the relation of thermal comfort practice and the energy performance gap." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 352, no. 1: 012049.

Journal article
Published: 29 September 2019 in Energy and Buildings
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The concept of adaptive thermal comfort was formulated many decades ago and has been validated in numerous field studies. As a result, wider acceptable indoor temperature ranges based on adaptive models have been included in international and national standards and the adaptive approach to thermal comfort is regarded as a significant contributor in achieving low energy building design and operation. Despite the ever-increasing scientific literature on adaptive comfort around the world, the overall understanding of how to translate the adaptive principles into design practice and concepts for operating buildings is still limited, which suggests a gap between the scientific outcomes and the real-world applications. This discussion paper identifies the challenges and gaps in using the principles of adaptive thermal comfort by design practitioners and discusses them in light of relevant research findings. More than 100 literature sources were reviewed in support of the discussion. The paper then proposes a framework that aims to facilitate the adoption of adaptive comfort principles in design and operation of buildings and describes the outline of an imminent guideline for low energy building design based on the concept of adaptive thermal comfort.

ACS Style

Runa T. Hellwig; Despoina Teli; Marcel Schweiker; Joon-Ho Choi; M.C. Jeffrey Lee; Rodrigo Mora; Rajan Rawal; Zhaojun Wang; Farah Al-Atrash. A framework for adopting adaptive thermal comfort principles in design and operation of buildings. Energy and Buildings 2019, 205, 109476 .

AMA Style

Runa T. Hellwig, Despoina Teli, Marcel Schweiker, Joon-Ho Choi, M.C. Jeffrey Lee, Rodrigo Mora, Rajan Rawal, Zhaojun Wang, Farah Al-Atrash. A framework for adopting adaptive thermal comfort principles in design and operation of buildings. Energy and Buildings. 2019; 205 ():109476.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Runa T. Hellwig; Despoina Teli; Marcel Schweiker; Joon-Ho Choi; M.C. Jeffrey Lee; Rodrigo Mora; Rajan Rawal; Zhaojun Wang; Farah Al-Atrash. 2019. "A framework for adopting adaptive thermal comfort principles in design and operation of buildings." Energy and Buildings 205, no. : 109476.

Original articles
Published: 01 September 2015 in International Journal of Ventilation
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Stack ventilation systems were installed in German schools constructed around 1900 and are no longer in operation. The aim of this study was to show how reactivating these systems could improve the indoor air quality in classrooms. Ventilation stacks were reactivated in three classrooms in a school while a fourth classroom, which was naturally ventilated via openable windows, served as the reference case. All classrooms were measured for carbon dioxide levels, air temperature and relative humidity. During winter, 50% of all measured carbon dioxide values in the classroom with natural ventilation using windows were higher than 1800 ppm. All classrooms with stack ventilation showed median values of 1600 and 1350 ppm. In these classrooms, the volumetric flow rate per person in winter (14 m3/(h.pers)) was approximately seven times higher compared to the classroom with window ventilation (2 m3/(h.pers)). The supply stacks provided a preheating effect of 0.5 to 0.7 K/m. Effects of summer flow reversal were found in both of the classrooms with exhaust and supply ventilation stacks. Reactivating ventilation stacks provides the potential to improve indoor air quality in classrooms. Some adjustment of the systems, such as adding automated dampers to close the stacks at night and during flow reversal in summer, could allow the systems to meet today’s hygienic and comfort requirements and turn them into modern low energy consuming systems.

ACS Style

Runa Hellwig; Michael Sedlmeier; Christian Tanzer. Prospects of Improving the Indoor Air Quality in Classrooms by Reactivating Historic Ventilation Stacks. International Journal of Ventilation 2015, 14, 141 -152.

AMA Style

Runa Hellwig, Michael Sedlmeier, Christian Tanzer. Prospects of Improving the Indoor Air Quality in Classrooms by Reactivating Historic Ventilation Stacks. International Journal of Ventilation. 2015; 14 (2):141-152.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Runa Hellwig; Michael Sedlmeier; Christian Tanzer. 2015. "Prospects of Improving the Indoor Air Quality in Classrooms by Reactivating Historic Ventilation Stacks." International Journal of Ventilation 14, no. 2: 141-152.

Information
Published: 06 February 2015 in Building Research & Information
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Building automation systems provide the potential to optimize the energy consumption of buildings as well as to detect failures in the operation of buildings. The system comprising building form–HVAC–building automation–user is becoming more complex. Providing the occupants with control over the indoor environment is widely accepted for its positive effect on their satisfaction. This paper explores what the term ‘perceived control’ means conceptually and draws implications for its application to the design and management of buildings. Personality- and environmental-psychology emphasize the importance of personal control to humans. The adaptive model of thermal comfort, findings from post-occupancy evaluations and surveys in real buildings also indicate the importance of high levels of perceived control. These models and findings exist in parallel and have not yet been interconnected and translated into models for the built environment. A new conceptual approach to explain perceived control is proposed. Satisfaction with the indoor environment occurs not only when ‘comfort’ is provided but also immediately after a successful control action, even if homeostasis has not yet been achieved (pleasure). Giving control to occupants can result in higher levels of satisfaction.

ACS Style

Runa Tabea Hellwig. Perceived control in indoor environments: a conceptual approach. Building Research & Information 2015, 43, 302 -315.

AMA Style

Runa Tabea Hellwig. Perceived control in indoor environments: a conceptual approach. Building Research & Information. 2015; 43 (3):302-315.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Runa Tabea Hellwig. 2015. "Perceived control in indoor environments: a conceptual approach." Building Research & Information 43, no. 3: 302-315.

Original articles
Published: 01 February 2013 in Architectural Science Review
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The German Ordinance on Workplaces calls for a room temperature range beneficial to health. This requirement is specified in a revised version of the German Rule for Workplaces ASR A3.5 ‘Room Temperature’ applying for all kind of indoor workplaces. The former version of this rule laid down that the indoor air temperature shall not exceed 26°C (79°F). During a hot summer period with outside temperatures above 26°C, the indoor air temperature may be higher as an exception. In view of misinterpretation of this former version, the aim was to explain how to deal with a high room temperature during a hot summer period in Germany. In comparison with the former version of this rule, the revised version defines the requirements for acceptable elevated room temperatures in the latter case high outside temperatures using a step model following the principle of the adaptive approach. This article explains the need for the revision, the development of the revised version including recent scientific findings and the new rule in detail.

ACS Style

Runa T. Hellwig; Kersten Bux. Workplace temperature requirements in the German Workplace Ordinance: revising the rule. Architectural Science Review 2013, 56, 22 -29.

AMA Style

Runa T. Hellwig, Kersten Bux. Workplace temperature requirements in the German Workplace Ordinance: revising the rule. Architectural Science Review. 2013; 56 (1):22-29.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Runa T. Hellwig; Kersten Bux. 2013. "Workplace temperature requirements in the German Workplace Ordinance: revising the rule." Architectural Science Review 56, no. 1: 22-29.

Journal article
Published: 04 December 2012 in Bauphysik
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Die Arbeitsstättenverordnung fordert eine gesundheitlich zuträgliche Raumtemperatur. Diese Anforderung wird in der 2010 revidierten Arbeitsstättenregel ASR A3.5 Raumtemperatur näher spezifiziert. Die Arbeitsstättenregel ASR A3.5 findet für alle Arten von Arbeitsplätzen im Innenraum Anwendung. Eine frühere Fassung dieser Regel forderte, dass die Raumtemperatur 26 °C nicht überschreiten soll. Nur im Falle von Außentemperaturen über 26 °C wurden höhere Raumtemperaturen im Ausnahmefall zugelassen. Im Hinblick auf Fehlinterpretationen dieser und weiterer früherer Fassungen durch Gerichte war es das Ziel, bei der Überarbeitung dieser Regel genauer zu erklären, wie mit erhöhten Raumtemperaturen in sommerlichen Hitzeperioden umzugehen ist. Im Vergleich zu den früheren Fassungen der Regel verwendet die überarbeitete Fassung ein Stufenmodell, um akzeptable Lufttemperaturen in sommerlichen Hitzeperioden zu definieren. Dabei wird dem Effekt der Adaptation an höhere Temperaturen im Sommer Rechnung getragen. Dieser Beitrag erläutert die Notwendigkeit einer Überarbeitung, das Vorgehen bei der Überarbeitung und die neue Regelung für sommerliche Außentemperaturen im Detail. The German Rule for Workplaces ASR A3.5 ‘Room Temperature’. The German Ordinance on Workplaces calls for a room temperature range beneficial to health. This requirement is specified in a revised version of the German Rule for Workplaces ASR A3.5 ‘Room Temperature’ applying for all kind of indoor workplaces. The former version of this rule laid down that the indoor air temperature shall not exceed 26 °C. During a hot summer period with outside temperatures above 26 °C the indoor air temperature may be higher as an exception. In view of misinterpretation of this former version, the aim was to explain how to deal with an elevated room temperature during a hot summer period in Germany. In comparison to the former version of this rule, the revised version defines the requirements for acceptable room temperatures in the case of high outside temperatures using a step model following the principle of the adaptation to elevated temperatures in a hot summer period. This paper explains the need for the revision, the development of the revised version including recent scientific findings and the new rule in detail.

ACS Style

Runa T. Hellwig; Kersten Bux; Roland Pangert. Zur Neufassung der Arbeitsstättenregel ASR A3.5 Raumtemperatur. Bauphysik 2012, 34, 268 -274.

AMA Style

Runa T. Hellwig, Kersten Bux, Roland Pangert. Zur Neufassung der Arbeitsstättenregel ASR A3.5 Raumtemperatur. Bauphysik. 2012; 34 (6):268-274.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Runa T. Hellwig; Kersten Bux; Roland Pangert. 2012. "Zur Neufassung der Arbeitsstättenregel ASR A3.5 Raumtemperatur." Bauphysik 34, no. 6: 268-274.

Journal article
Published: 31 May 2011 in Building and Environment
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In this study the interrelation between local and overall thermal comfort of passengers in aircraft cabins was investigated by thirteen simulated flights. For each of the tests forty test persons filled out questionnaires concerning their perceived overall and local thermal comfort at temperatures of 20 °C-25 °C, which were measured at every second seat. With these physical and subjective data PMV (Predicted Mean Vote) and TSMV (Thermal Sensation Mean Vote) of test persons as well as PPD (Predicted Percentage of Dissatisfied) and PD (Percentage of Dissatisfied) were compared. The PMV was consistently similar to the TSMV, while the thermal dissatisfaction in tests was always higher than PPD. The hypothesis at the beginning of this study was that the high ratio of thermal dissatisfaction in the aircraft cabin reported in literature might be caused by local discomfort. Therefore statistical analyses about the interrelations between local and overall thermal comfort were performed and models indicating such interrelations were developed. Some local perceptions are significantly different from overall thermal perception and these body segments alter in dependence of the overall thermal environment. Also body segments rated similarly were detected and these segments were pooled to distinct body regions using principal component analysis. Under the same overall thermal sensation the local thermal perception on a certain body region predominantly influenced the overall thermal comfort. Therefore weighting factors of local body regions on the overall thermal comfort were determined in dependence of the overall thermal sensation by means of multiple linear regression models

ACS Style

Sumee Park; Runa T. Hellwig; Gunnar Grün; Andreas Holm. Local and overall thermal comfort in an aircraft cabin and their interrelations. Building and Environment 2011, 46, 1056 -1064.

AMA Style

Sumee Park, Runa T. Hellwig, Gunnar Grün, Andreas Holm. Local and overall thermal comfort in an aircraft cabin and their interrelations. Building and Environment. 2011; 46 (5):1056-1064.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sumee Park; Runa T. Hellwig; Gunnar Grün; Andreas Holm. 2011. "Local and overall thermal comfort in an aircraft cabin and their interrelations." Building and Environment 46, no. 5: 1056-1064.

Journal article
Published: 29 November 2010 in Bauphysik
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Zunehmende Globalisierung und das Erfordernis, immer kostensparender zu wirtschaften, stellt für viele Unternehmen eine Herausforderung dar. Um wettbewerbsfähig zu sein, sollen die Mitarbeiter leistungsfähig und motiviert sein und optimal ihr Wissen einbringen können, andererseits sollen sie möglichst wenig Kosten verursachen. In den kommenden Jahren werden immer mehr Menschen im Büro beschäftigt sein. Daher beschäftigt sich dieser Artikel mit den Einflussfaktoren auf die Leistungsfähigkeit bei Büroarbeit. Der Schwerpunkt liegt hierbei auf dem thermischen Raumklima, da es dazu sehr gegensätzliche Diskussionen in der Literatur gibt. Neben einer Definition der Leistungsfähigkeit und einer Übersicht über mögliche Einflüsse auf diese, stellt sich auch die Frage, wie Leistung adäquat erfasst werden kann. Nach Auswertung der zugänglichen Literatur ergeben sich widersprüchliche Ergebnisse. Die Ableitung einer Ursache‐Wirkungs‐Beziehung ist daher nicht trivial. Außerdem ist anzunehmen, dass das thermische Raumklima offensichtlich nicht den einzigen Einflussparameter auf die Leistungsfähigkeit darstellt. Vielmehr besteht eine weite Verzweigung sowohl mit anderen physikalischen Faktoren wie der Akustik oder der Beleuchtung und mit Aspekten wie Raumgestaltung oder psychosozialen Effekten. Possibilities and limitations of modeling the influencing factors on human performance. Increasing globalization and the necessity to reduce costs of economic activities poses a challenge for many companies. To act competitively on a global market, employees should be able to perform at their best, to be highly motivated and, on the other hand, to work in a costeffective manner. Furthermore, it is expected that within the next years people tend to work in offices to an increasing tendency. For this reason, this paper addresses factors that primarily affect the performance of office work. The focus is on the thermal indoor climate as this issue is controversially discussed in the literature. In addition to the definition of the terms performance and productivity and an overview over potential influences, it is not clear how performance can be measured adequately. Evaluation of the relevant literature shows contradictory results. Apparently, the derivation of a relationship between temperature and working performance is not trivial. Furthermore, it is anticipated that the thermal indoor climate is not the only performance indicator that affects working performance. In fact, there are mutual connections between other physical para meters like acoustics or lighting and, as well, with psycho‐social factors and aesthetical issues in terms of the interior design.

ACS Style

Susanne Urlaub; Runa Tabea Hellwig; Christoph Van Treeck; Klaus Sedlbauer. Möglichkeiten und Grenzen bei der Modellierung von Einflussfaktoren auf die menschliche Leistungsfähigkeit. Bauphysik 2010, 32, 373 -379.

AMA Style

Susanne Urlaub, Runa Tabea Hellwig, Christoph Van Treeck, Klaus Sedlbauer. Möglichkeiten und Grenzen bei der Modellierung von Einflussfaktoren auf die menschliche Leistungsfähigkeit. Bauphysik. 2010; 32 (6):373-379.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Susanne Urlaub; Runa Tabea Hellwig; Christoph Van Treeck; Klaus Sedlbauer. 2010. "Möglichkeiten und Grenzen bei der Modellierung von Einflussfaktoren auf die menschliche Leistungsfähigkeit." Bauphysik 32, no. 6: 373-379.

Journal article
Published: 04 August 2010 in Bauphysik
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ACS Style

Runa Tabea Hellwig. Raumklimatische Planungsgrundlagen für Klassenräume. Bauphysik 2010, 32, 240 -252.

AMA Style

Runa Tabea Hellwig. Raumklimatische Planungsgrundlagen für Klassenräume. Bauphysik. 2010; 32 (4):240-252.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Runa Tabea Hellwig. 2010. "Raumklimatische Planungsgrundlagen für Klassenräume." Bauphysik 32, no. 4: 240-252.

Journal article
Published: 04 August 2010 in Bauphysik
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ACS Style

Simone Steiger; Ulrich Wellisch; Runa Tabea Hellwig. Untersuchung der Eignung verschiedener Fassaden für automatisierte Fensterlüftung in Schulen mit einem Entscheidungsbaumverfahren. Bauphysik 2010, 32, 253 -262.

AMA Style

Simone Steiger, Ulrich Wellisch, Runa Tabea Hellwig. Untersuchung der Eignung verschiedener Fassaden für automatisierte Fensterlüftung in Schulen mit einem Entscheidungsbaumverfahren. Bauphysik. 2010; 32 (4):253-262.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Simone Steiger; Ulrich Wellisch; Runa Tabea Hellwig. 2010. "Untersuchung der Eignung verschiedener Fassaden für automatisierte Fensterlüftung in Schulen mit einem Entscheidungsbaumverfahren." Bauphysik 32, no. 4: 253-262.

Articles
Published: 30 June 2009 in Journal of Building Performance Simulation
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Following the work of Fiala (Fiala, D., Lomas, K., and Stohrer, M., 2001. Computer prediction of human thermoregulatory and temperature-responses to a wide range of environmental conditions. International Journal of Biometeorology, 45, 143–159) we developed and tested a parametric multi-segment manikin model as the interface between Fiala's human thermoregulation model and other computational codes for studying transient and local effects of thermal sensation and comfort perception. The model allows for motion control by transforming body parts according to an armature model which relates topological dependencies. The position of joints and decomposition into segments is chosen in terms of the settings of Fiala's model. Several faceted geometric models are available such as the NASA MSIS Standard or predefined NASTRAN geometries. The developed thermoregulation interface provides means to computational steering, i.e. to interact with an ongoing simulation. The boundary conditions, the type of clothing, or the activity level can be modified online, results are updated on a real time scale during the simulation. The visualization on the artificial skin of the manikin includes the surface/skin temperatures and the local thermal sensation votes (LTSV); likewise the predicted mean vote (PMV) and the dynamic thermal sensation (DTS) are output. The LTSV data are based on experimental data which were obtained in a test chamber involving 24 test subjects for three levels of clothing insulation and a light level of activity.

ACS Style

Christoph Van Treeck; Jérôme Frisch; Michael Pfaffinger; Ernst Rank; Stefan Paulke; Iris Schweinfurth; Rudolf Schwab; Runa T. Hellwig; Andreas Holm. Integrated thermal comfort analysis using a parametric manikin model for interactive real-time simulation. Journal of Building Performance Simulation 2009, 2, 233 -250.

AMA Style

Christoph Van Treeck, Jérôme Frisch, Michael Pfaffinger, Ernst Rank, Stefan Paulke, Iris Schweinfurth, Rudolf Schwab, Runa T. Hellwig, Andreas Holm. Integrated thermal comfort analysis using a parametric manikin model for interactive real-time simulation. Journal of Building Performance Simulation. 2009; 2 (4):233-250.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Christoph Van Treeck; Jérôme Frisch; Michael Pfaffinger; Ernst Rank; Stefan Paulke; Iris Schweinfurth; Rudolf Schwab; Runa T. Hellwig; Andreas Holm. 2009. "Integrated thermal comfort analysis using a parametric manikin model for interactive real-time simulation." Journal of Building Performance Simulation 2, no. 4: 233-250.

Journal article
Published: 01 June 2009 in Bauphysik
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Most German classrooms are not equipped with mechanical ventilation systems. Natural ventilation controlled by the occupants opening the windows is the main way to provide fresh air. Measurements in real classrooms showed that the ventilation especially in cold season is insufficient Hydrid ventilation systems with automatically controlled windows might reduce the prevalence of high carbon dioxide concentration inside the classrooms. The position of the air supply opening in the faqade is the most sensible design task. There is still a big potential for optimization, In the frame of the project "Energy saving, thermal comfort and good indoor air quality in schools using hybrid ventilation" supported by the German Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Technology the properties of classrooms in the county Miesbach/Germany regarding thermal comfort, ventilation and illumination were collected. In sum data of 106 classrooms in 22 schools were collected. The density of persons is normal to low. Approximately 80 % of the rooms offer at least 2 or more square meter per pupil. 88 % of the investigated classrooms are built with medium or high thermal mass. The glazed facade area is between 30 and 60 % for most of the classrooms. 50 % of the classrooms do not have any sun shading device. The summer overheating protection by passive means is insufficient. Two thirds of the classrooms offer a good to acceptable daylight condition. The classrooms are ventilated by opening the windows. There are different opening types of the windows and several combinations of the types in the fagades. Tilt and turn windows and the horizontally pivot-hung type are the most prevalent types

ACS Style

Runa Tabea Hellwig; Matthias Kersken; Simon Schmidt. Ausstattung von Klassenräumen mit Einrichtungen zum Temperieren, Lüften und Belichten. Bauphysik 2009, 31, 157 -162.

AMA Style

Runa Tabea Hellwig, Matthias Kersken, Simon Schmidt. Ausstattung von Klassenräumen mit Einrichtungen zum Temperieren, Lüften und Belichten. Bauphysik. 2009; 31 (3):157-162.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Runa Tabea Hellwig; Matthias Kersken; Simon Schmidt. 2009. "Ausstattung von Klassenräumen mit Einrichtungen zum Temperieren, Lüften und Belichten." Bauphysik 31, no. 3: 157-162.

Journal article
Published: 01 April 2009 in Bauphysik
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There are more than 40,000 school buildings in Germany. Most of them are awaiting retrofitting. Retrofitting is not only intended to improve the energetic standards, but first of all to improve indoor environmental conditions for pupils and teachers. As most of German schools are not equipped with mechanical ventilation systems, natural ventilation controlled by the occupants opening the windows is the main way to maintain healthy and comfortable conditions in the classrooms. For that purpose the influence of window opening behaviour of the occupants on the indoor environment was measured in two German schools. Temperature and carbon dioxide concentration of the indoor air as well as the outdoor climate conditions were measured. In one school the frequency of window opening was recorded. Besides high CO2-concentrations especially during winter, some of the investigated classrooms are additionally to cold in winter or to hot in summer. Some classrooms do not have a shading device or the shading device is insufficient or it constricts the ventilation of the room. Windows are used as controls in some degree during lessons and during the breaks. But windows get closed after lessons and stay closed until next morning. There is no night or early morning ventilation in summer. A significant weak to moderate positive correlation between total open window ratio and indoor temperature has been found. Correlation between total open window ratio and outdoor temperature is not significant in most cases or show a weak correlation coefficient

ACS Style

Runa Tabea Hellwig; Florian Antretter; Andreas Holm; Klaus Sedlbauer. Untersuchungen zum Raumklima und zur Fensterlüftung in Schulen. Bauphysik 2009, 31, 89 -98.

AMA Style

Runa Tabea Hellwig, Florian Antretter, Andreas Holm, Klaus Sedlbauer. Untersuchungen zum Raumklima und zur Fensterlüftung in Schulen. Bauphysik. 2009; 31 (2):89-98.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Runa Tabea Hellwig; Florian Antretter; Andreas Holm; Klaus Sedlbauer. 2009. "Untersuchungen zum Raumklima und zur Fensterlüftung in Schulen." Bauphysik 31, no. 2: 89-98.