Rapid depletion of fossil fuel reserves forces the global energy sector to transition to sustainable energy sources. Specifically, distributed energy markets have emerged in the renewable energy sector in recent years, partly because blockchain technology is becoming a successful way to promote secure and transparent transactions. Using its decentralized structure, transparency, and even pseudonymity, blockchain is increasingly adopted worldwide for large-scale energy trading, peer-to-peer exchanges, project financing, supply chain management, and asset tracking. The research comprehensively analyzes blockchain applications across multiple fields related to energy, bibliographically evaluating their transformative potential. In addition, the study explores the architecture of various blockchain systems, assesses critical security and privacy challenges, and discusses how blockchain can enhance operational efficiency, transparency, and reliability in the energy sector. The paper’s findings provide a roadmap for future developments and the strategic adoption of blockchain technologies in the evolving energy landscape for an effective energy transition.

Traditional methods used for real estate project valuation, such as the static Net Present Value, have some limitations, as these methods do not consider the possibility of a change in the initial conditions of the project or during its development. On the other hand, the real options approach allows for flexibility in evaluating a real estate project, improving the decision-making process as it helps identify the optimal strategy and timing for the construction phases. The paper deals with evaluating an actual real estate project in La Rioja (Spain) using different options to estimate its final Net Present Value. The results show that the real estate project would be profitable under several scenarios, although the valuations can vary significantly among the different types of options. This is because some options add more value to the project than others, depending on their cost and the uncertainty they eliminate. In contrast, the results obtained using the traditional static method would have led a real estate developer to discard the project completely, as its Net Present Value would have been negative. This confirms that the introduction of flexibility in real estate developments creates additional value by allowing developers and investors to dynamically react to changes in the market, thus making better investment decisions and finding real estate investment opportunities that otherwise would not be considered at all.

In advanced economies, the growth of telework has changed the nature of labor. However, access to remote work is still not equally distributed. This study examines access to telework opportunities in the United States (U.S.) from October 2022 to February 2025, focusing on demographic factors such as age, gender, and educational attainment. Using a longitudinal, intersectional approach, the analysis identifies patterns in telework adoption based on monthly data from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). The findings reveal that individuals aged 25 to 54 and those with higher education consistently exhibited the highest telework rates. Women also demonstrated higher participation rates than men throughout the period. Conversely, younger workers (16–24), older adults (55+), and those with lower levels of education remained significantly underrepresented. This study contributes to management and entrepreneurship research by providing insights into workforce segmentation in teleworking environments in the post-pandemic era. The findings are relevant for managers, human resources specialists, and policymakers aiming to promote inclusive remote work practices. Interventions such as digital skills training and sector-specific hybrid models may help close access gaps, enhancing employee engagement and fostering broader participation in the digital economy. However, the findings should be interpreted in light of certain research limitations, particularly the lack of granularity in the dataset with respect to ethnicity, family status, geographic region, and social class. Despite these limitations, the study provides valuable empirical insights and opens avenues for future research on telework inequality.