Harmonic current estimation is the key aspect of Active Power Filter (APF) control algorithms to generate a reference current for harmonic compensation. This paper proposes a novel structure for harmonic current estimation scheme based on Trigonometric Orthogonal Principle (TOP) and Self Tuning Filter (STF). The key advantages of the proposed method are its simplicity, low computational burden and faster execution time in comparison to the conventional harmonic current estimation approaches. The TOP method provides a simple and fast approach to extract the reference current, while STF provides a simplified structure to generate the required synchronization signal that eliminates the need of a Phase Locked Loop (PLL) algorithm for synchronization. As a result, it exhibits less complexity in implementation and less consumption of microcontroller‘s resources; thus, the proposed method can be implemented using a low-cost microcontroller. It is shown in the paper that the proposed method provides 10 times gain in processing speed as compared to the conventional DQ method. The proposed approach is analyzed in detail, and its effectiveness and superior performance are verified using simulation and experimental results.

The Internet of Things (IoT) is a world of connected networks and modern technology devices, among them vehicular networks considered more challenging due to high speed and network dynamics. Future trends in IoT allow these inter networks to share information. Also, the previous security solutions to vehicular IoT (VIoT) much emphasize on privacy protection and security related issues using public keys infrastructure. However, the primary concern about efficient trust assessment, authorized users malfunctioning, and secure information dissemination in vehicular wireless networks have not been explored. To cope with these challenges, we propose a trust enhanced on-demand routing (TER) scheme, which adopts TrustWalker (TW) algorithm for efficient trust assessment and route search technique in VIoT. TER comprised of novel three-valued subjective logic (3VSL), TW algorithm, and ad hoc on-demand distance vector (AODV) routing protocol. The simulated results validate the accuracy of the proposed scheme in term of throughput, packet drop ratio (PDR), and end to end (E2E) delay. In the simulation, the execution time of the TW algorithm is analyzed and compared with another route search algorithm, i.e., Assess-Trust (AT), by considering real-world online datasets such as Pretty Good Privacy and Advogato. The accuracy and efficiency of the TW algorithm, even with a large number of vehicle users, are also demonstrated through simulations.

In recent years, photovoltaic (PV) systems have emerged as economical solutions for irrigation systems in rural areas. However, they are characterized by low voltage output and less reliable configurations. To address this issue in this paper, a promising inverter configuration called Impedance (Z)-source inverter (ZSI) is designed and implemented to obtain high voltage output with single-stage power conversion, particularly suitable for irrigation application. An improved and efficient modulation scheme and design specifications of the network parameters are derived. Additionally, a suitable fault-tolerant strategy is developed and implemented to improve reliability and efficiency. It incorporates an additional redundant leg with an improved control strategy to facilitate the fault-tolerant operation. The proposed fault-tolerant circuit is designed to handle switch failures of the inverter modules due to the open-circuit and short-circuit faults. The relevant simulation and experimental results under normal, faulty and post-fault operation are presented. The post-fault operation characteristics are identical to the normal operation. The motor performance characteristics such as load current, torque, harmonic spectrum, and efficiency are thoroughly analysed to prove the suitability of the proposed system for irrigation applications. This study provides an efficient and economical solution for rural irrigation utilized in developing countries, for example, India.

The increasing penetration of photovoltaic (PV) systems in low-voltage residential feeders has elevated the need for grid support at the distribution level to prevent violations of local voltage constraints. In this article, a coordinated reactive power support (RPS) methodology is presented that utilizes the demand-side flexibilities of the end user to keep local voltage levels within allowed levels. A cloud-based architecture is implemented to optimally coordinate consumers’ reactive power capable demand-side resources such as electric vehicles, solar PV systems, flexible home appliances, etc., considering their varying characteristics, ratings, and purposes. An optimization-based two-stage device scheduling and management model is presented for the cloud server that schedules consumers’ devices in day ahead for cost minimization, and optimally allocates the required RPS in real time among the candidate devices based on priority. Two device prioritization strategies are proposed that consider the reliability of reactive power capable consumer devices and management complexity, thereby, allowing consumers to either enhance the candidate devices’ lifetime or reduce the management complexity while participating in grid support. The proposed RPS methodology is validated using simulation studies, and an experimental setup is established to verify the viability of the proposed cloud-based coordination system for RPS. Case studies indicate that the proposed method can effectively prevent overvoltage situations by using coordinated RPS from consumers’ devices while maximizing their reliability. Results also indicate that the proposed methodology is economically more viable than state-of-the-art voltage control strategies.

Energy generation using renewable energy resources is increasing with the passage of the time due to the fear of depleting energy resources and global warming. In Pakistan, the whole consumption of electricity in residential and business areas is nearly equal to 40%. More than 5% of energy needs are fulfilled by liquid natural fuel and town gasoline consumption within the residential and industrial sectors. Integration of the renewable resources may cause tripping issues and control of this tripping with the help of conventional controlling methods is time-consuming and wastage of energy. In this research paper, SEC based ANFIS controller for control strategy has been implemented. For this purpose, we used DVR for finding the fault and compensate the voltage drop to the maximum value to avoid tripping. Dynamic programming is used to design a controller which compares the voltage of both renewable resources with the nominal voltage and the triggers the control switches of Bridge through PWM according to the nominal voltage. The model shows that the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed solution are much better than the conventional controller.