The data obtained from air quality monitoring stations, which are used to carry out studies using data mining techniques, present the problem of missing values. This paper describes a research work on missing data imputation. Among the most common methods, the method that best imputes values to the available data set is analysed. It uses an algorithm that randomly replaces all known values in a dataset once with imputed values and compares them with the actual known values, forming several subsets. Data from seven stations in the Silesian region (Poland) were analyzed for hourly concentrations of four pollutants: nitrogen dioxide (NO₂), nitrogen oxides (NO_x), particles of 10 μm or less (PM₁₀) and sulphur dioxide (SO₂) for five years. Imputations were performed using linear imputation (LI), predictive mean matching (PMM), random forest (RF), k-nearest neighbours (k-NN) and imputation by Kalman smoothing on structural time series (Kalman) methods and performance evaluations were performed. Once the comparison method was validated, it was determine that, in general, Kalman structural smoothing and the linear imputation methods best fitted the imputed values to the data pattern. It was observed that each imputation method behaves in an analogous way for the different stations The variables with the best results are NO₂ and SO₂. The UMI method is the worst imputer for missing values in the data sets.

The problem involving the monitoring of surface ground movements in post-mining areas is particularly important during the period of mine closures. During or after flooding of a mine, mechanical properties of the rock mass may be impaired, and this may trigger subsidence, surface landslides, uplift, sinkholes or seismic activity. It is, therefore, important to examine and select updating methods and plans for long-term monitoring of post-mining areas to mitigate seismic hazards or surface deformation during and after mine closure. The research assumed the implementation of continuous monitoring of surface movements using the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) in the area of a closed hard coal mine ‘Kazimierz-Juliusz’, located in Poland. In order to ensure displacement measurement results with the accuracy of several millimetres, the accuracy of multi-GNSS observations carried out in real time as a combination of four global navigation systems, Global Positioning System (GPS), Globalnaja Navigacionnaja Sputnikova Sistema (GLONASS), Galileo and BeiDou, was determined. The article presents the results of empirical research conducted at four reference points. The test observations were made in variants comprising measurements based on: GPS, GPS and GLONASS systems, GPS, GLONASS and Galileo systems, GPS, GLONASS, Galileo and BeiDou systems. For each adopted solution, daily measurement sessions were performed using the RTK technique. The test results were subjected to accuracy analyses. Based on the obtained results, it was found that GNSS measurements should be carried out with the use of three navigation systems (GPS, GLONASS, Galileo), as an optimal solution for the needs of continuous geodetic monitoring in the area of the study.

The exploitation of mineral resources around the world has always been a matter of controversy among governments, production companies, and organized society, giving rise particularly to conflicts about environmental matters

The article presents an analysis of the possibilities of using the GIS (Geographic Information System) class system to forecast and assess the impact of mining tremors on buildings located on the surface. The research was conducted with reference to the scope of activities which should be carried out by the mining entrepreneur, conducting exploitation in conditions of seismic hazard, specified in the Rules for the use of the GSIS-2017 mining seismic intensity scale. Due to the fact that the implementation of the mining tasks in a coal mine requires the processing of a huge number of information, deriving from different sources, it can be considered that it is a deliberate use of the GIS class systems. The article presents an analysis of the possibilities of using the GIS class systems based on a database developed in the ArcGIS system, containing observation material from the area of one of the coal mines, operating in the area of the Upper Silesian Coal Basin. The research has shown that the ArcGIS tooling system allows for the implementation of almost all tasks in the scope of the assessment of the mining tremors impact, including documenting damage to objects. In the case of tasks concerning forecasting the support programs are required.

The algorithm of the transformation task obtained as a result of the realization of research concerning the accuracy evaluation and determination of coordinate transformation parameters between the local and state systems was presented. The algorithm was used practically to realize the transformation task between the local Borowa Góra system and the state system in the area of PG Silesia. Optimal transformation results were obtained using both the second-degree complex polynomial and the general-polynomial transformation of the second degree. The control of the accuracy of transformation showed that the accuracy of transformation and determination of transformation parameters is satisfactory. The above procedure proved that the two-stage transformation, which is currently in use in the mines, can be replaced by a one-step transformation conducted in accordance with the algorithm presented in the article.

The basic legal regulations concerning the transformation of the post-industrial and degraded areas have been presented. The scope of data, resulting, among others, from The Act on Environmental Protection, relevant for the realization of the tasks in the scope of the mentioned above areas, has been specified. Due to the fact that these tasks should be realized using the IT system, a database was developed in the ArcGIS system containing, among others, the following data: a general assessment of the technical condition of development, information whether the area is a part of the mining or post-mining area, whether there are land deformations associated with the mining exploitation. The possibilities of using spatial analyses to support the realization of the tasks concerning the transformation of industrial and degraded areas have been presented.