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Conservation efforts and cooperation from major stakeholders are critical factors for cultural heritage (e.g., historical landmarks) sustainability. Although landscape planners provide professional knowledge and intended designs for sustainable management of cultural heritage sites, the active effort and participation of local residents or communities are the decisive facts of whether relevant preservation actions can be successfully implemented. Traditional village landscapes in Qing Mu Chuan, China, were selected as the study area. We used photo questionnaires to explore the preferences, value perceptions, and preservation attitudes toward traditional village landscapes of landscape professionals and local residents. The results revealed large differences in the perceptions and preservation attitudes toward traditional village landscapes between the two groups. The most unexpected finding was that the local residents showed much stronger preferences and preservation willingness toward traditional village landscapes with cultural elements than the professionals. In addition, the local residents’ preservation attitudes were mainly affected by their perception of economic benefits and daily utility values, rather than cultural values. Meanwhile, the preservation of professionals’ attitudes was significantly related to recreational and cultural value perceptions. These findings will direct the participatory planning process to provide appropriate incentives for developing the preservation attitudes of local residents. They will also support the implementation of participatory planning to promote the positive collaboration of local residents and landscape planners toward cultural heritage sustainability.
Huan Yang; Ling Qiu; Xin Fu. Toward Cultural Heritage Sustainability through Participatory Planning Based on Investigation of the Value Perceptions and Preservation Attitudes: Qing Mu Chuan, China. Sustainability 2021, 13, 1171 .
AMA StyleHuan Yang, Ling Qiu, Xin Fu. Toward Cultural Heritage Sustainability through Participatory Planning Based on Investigation of the Value Perceptions and Preservation Attitudes: Qing Mu Chuan, China. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (3):1171.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHuan Yang; Ling Qiu; Xin Fu. 2021. "Toward Cultural Heritage Sustainability through Participatory Planning Based on Investigation of the Value Perceptions and Preservation Attitudes: Qing Mu Chuan, China." Sustainability 13, no. 3: 1171.
Green infrastructure (GI) is widely recognized for reducing risk of flooding, improving water quality, and harvesting stormwater for potential future use. GI can be an important part of a strategy used in urban planning to enhance sustainable development and urban resilience. However, existing literature lacks a comprehensive assessment framework to evaluate GI performance in terms of promoting ecosystem functions and services for social-ecological system resilience. We propose a robust indicator set consisting of quantitative and qualitative measurements for a scenario-based planning support system to assess the capacity of urban resilience. Green Infrastructure in Urban Resilience Planning Support System (GIUR-PSS) supports decision-making for GI planning through scenario comparisons with the urban resilience capacity index. To demonstrate GIUR-PSS, we developed five scenarios for the Congress Run sub-watershed (Mill Creek watershed, Ohio, USA) to test common types of GI (rain barrels, rain gardens, detention basins, porous pavement, and open space). Results show the open space scenario achieves the overall highest performance (GI Urban Resilience Index = 4.27/5). To implement the open space scenario in our urban demonstration site, suitable vacant lots could be converted to greenspace (e.g., forest, detention basins, and low-impact recreation areas). GIUR-PSS is easy to replicate, customize, and apply to cities of different sizes to assess environmental, economic, and social benefits provided by different types of GI installations.
Xin Fu; Matthew E. Hopton; Xinhao Wang. Assessment of green infrastructure performance through an urban resilience lens. Journal of Cleaner Production 2020, 289, 125146 .
AMA StyleXin Fu, Matthew E. Hopton, Xinhao Wang. Assessment of green infrastructure performance through an urban resilience lens. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2020; 289 ():125146.
Chicago/Turabian StyleXin Fu; Matthew E. Hopton; Xinhao Wang. 2020. "Assessment of green infrastructure performance through an urban resilience lens." Journal of Cleaner Production 289, no. : 125146.
Green infrastructure (GI) has been recommended widely to reduce runoff from the built environment. However, reliance on public land for GI implementation could cause a heavy financial burden on local governments. Although economic incentives and market-based mechanisms may encourage public participation in managing stormwater by installing GI on private parcels, a runoff trading market has not been fully developed in practice. To establish a market, in part, requires a watershed-based planning framework and fully informed parcel owners in regard to tradable credits, costs, and benefits. We propose a scenario-based Stormwater Management Planning Support System for Trading Runoff Abatement Credits (SMPSS-TRAC) to facilitate the calculation and allocation of stormwater runoff abatement credits in order to assist the decision-making of GI investment. We apply SMPSS-TRAC to a watershed located in Hamilton County, Ohio, USA and develop five scenarios representing increasing use of GI. We test the scenarios under a 5-year rainfall intensity and set a cap of runoff for each scenario at a level that is equal to the runoff from an undeveloped status (1.03-inch runoff depth for the watershed). With the proposed SMPSS-TRAC, the watershed authority could encourage all parcel owners to install suitable GI or purchase credits from the market. When detention basins are needed to meet a stated goal, the watershed authority would build them on vacant lots and share costs with all parcels within the same sub-catchment. The last scenario with four types of GI installed, shows that the watershed reaches market equilibrium and generates 15,358 m3 credit surplus. SMPSS-TRAC has the potential for including multiple stakeholders' preferences and concerns in searching for preferable scenarios.
Xin Fu; Matthew E. Hopton; Xinhao Wang; Haynes Goddard; Haiqing Liu. A runoff trading system to meet watershed-level stormwater reduction goals with parcel-level green infrastructure installation. Science of The Total Environment 2019, 689, 1149 -1159.
AMA StyleXin Fu, Matthew E. Hopton, Xinhao Wang, Haynes Goddard, Haiqing Liu. A runoff trading system to meet watershed-level stormwater reduction goals with parcel-level green infrastructure installation. Science of The Total Environment. 2019; 689 ():1149-1159.
Chicago/Turabian StyleXin Fu; Matthew E. Hopton; Xinhao Wang; Haynes Goddard; Haiqing Liu. 2019. "A runoff trading system to meet watershed-level stormwater reduction goals with parcel-level green infrastructure installation." Science of The Total Environment 689, no. : 1149-1159.
Using combined sewer systems to handle excess stormwater runoff is common in older urban areas. Combined sewer overflow (CSO) events occur when hydraulic capacity is exceeded, and untreated wastewater discharges to surface waters. As urban population density increases, and more demand is placed on infrastructure, CSO events happen more often and cause serious environmental problems and public-health risks. Recently, green infrastructure (GI) has been integrated with existing gray infrastructure (GrayI) to reduce CSO events. However, there lacks a goal-oriented planning framework for eliminating CSOs at a watershed/sewershed scale. Moreover, existing stormwater simulations based on catchments or other geographic units, do not consider spatial variation within the unit, such as distribution, attribution, ownership, and management of GI. We propose a scenario-based Stormwater Management Planning Support System for CSOs (SMPSS-CSO) to provide a platform for reducing CSO events by coordinating parcel-based installations of GI. We applied the SMPSS-CSO to a sewershed with a single CSO location in Cincinnati, Ohio and developed four scenarios representing increased use of GI (rain barrels, green roofs, porous pavements, and detention basin) based on its cost, difficulty of installation, and property ownership. Runoff quantity, time of concentration, and peak flow rate were simulated using the curve number method. Our analysis shows a 41% reduction in stormwater runoff is necessary to eliminate CSO events for a two-year rainfall, required 97.25% of private and 27.59% of public parcels to install GI. GI alone cannot eliminate CSO events in this sewershed and must be incorporated with additional GrayI (e.g., storage tanks, pipes). The SMPSS-CSO has the potential for including multiple stakeholders' preferences and concerns in the searching for preferable scenarios.
Xin Fu; Haynes Goddard; Xinhao Wang; Matthew E. Hopton. Development of a scenario-based stormwater management planning support system for reducing combined sewer overflows (CSOs). Journal of Environmental Management 2019, 236, 571 -580.
AMA StyleXin Fu, Haynes Goddard, Xinhao Wang, Matthew E. Hopton. Development of a scenario-based stormwater management planning support system for reducing combined sewer overflows (CSOs). Journal of Environmental Management. 2019; 236 ():571-580.
Chicago/Turabian StyleXin Fu; Haynes Goddard; Xinhao Wang; Matthew E. Hopton. 2019. "Development of a scenario-based stormwater management planning support system for reducing combined sewer overflows (CSOs)." Journal of Environmental Management 236, no. : 571-580.
Urban resilience assessment can help planners understand the status of resilience in an urban system and identify needs for improving resilience capacities. The issues related to urban resilience are complex because of multiple urban system components, threats from different sources, and uncertainty of the future. Urban resilience theories have progressed to consider an urban system as an integrated complex system; however, urban resilience assessments are inconsistent and underdeveloped in assessing an integrated urban system for different threats at various uncertainties. In an effort to address this deficiency, we propose to develop an Integrative Urban Resilience Capacity Index (IURCI) for assessing urban resilience capacity for all threats. To improve the quality of urban resilience assessment, the IURCI considers urban physical form, spatial structure, preparation for future, and performance after plan implementation to measure resilience capacities of absorption, mitigation, and adaptation. It is built in a Scenario-Based Planning Support System (SB-PSS). The SB-PSS is a framework and an open system that integrates IURCI with scenario generation, modeling, and assessment to inform the public, planners, and other stakeholders about the consequences of different planning policies and to assist them make decisions for implementing a preferred scenario.
Xin Fu; Xinhao Wang. Developing an integrative urban resilience capacity index for plan making. Environment Systems and Decisions 2018, 38, 367 -378.
AMA StyleXin Fu, Xinhao Wang. Developing an integrative urban resilience capacity index for plan making. Environment Systems and Decisions. 2018; 38 (3):367-378.
Chicago/Turabian StyleXin Fu; Xinhao Wang. 2018. "Developing an integrative urban resilience capacity index for plan making." Environment Systems and Decisions 38, no. 3: 367-378.
Multiple Criteria Evaluation (MCE) is a multi-attributes decision making tool often used in land suitability analysis and land use simulation using Cellular Automata (CA)-Markov model. The goal of this research is to explore the feasibility of using historical data of a study area to select, score, and weight factors quantitatively in the MCE. We have developed logistic regression models fitted by the historical land use changes to select and score each potential factor, and used the Entropy method to determine weights for the selected factors. The MCE output is then used as the input of CA-Markov model to simulate land use changes from 2001 to 2011. The land use simulation result was compared against observed 2011 land use in order to examine the performance of the updated MCE method. The result shows that the use of MCE factors derived from historical data produces reasonable goodness of fit, based on current literature. The major advantage of the updated MCE method is that the factor selection, scores, and weights are all derived from local data reflecting the actual historical trend. This quantitative approach also allows one to efficiently calibrate CA-Markov model and develop different land use planning scenarios by adjusting scores and weights for different factors with the knowledge of historical change.
Xin Fu; Xinhao Wang; Y. Jeffrey Yang. Deriving suitability factors for CA-Markov land use simulation model based on local historical data. Journal of Environmental Management 2018, 206, 10 -19.
AMA StyleXin Fu, Xinhao Wang, Y. Jeffrey Yang. Deriving suitability factors for CA-Markov land use simulation model based on local historical data. Journal of Environmental Management. 2018; 206 ():10-19.
Chicago/Turabian StyleXin Fu; Xinhao Wang; Y. Jeffrey Yang. 2018. "Deriving suitability factors for CA-Markov land use simulation model based on local historical data." Journal of Environmental Management 206, no. : 10-19.
The relocation of 400,000 Beijing municipal employees to Tongzhou promises to reduce congestion and pollution in the city center. Further, the relocation could facilitate economic cooperation and integration of the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei megaregion. Together, these initiatives can help make Beijing and Northern China more resilient, though critical issues of the connectivity of Tongzhou to the rest of Beijing and the megaregion need to be addressed. This paper focuses on two questions related to the success of these efforts: (1) How many additional commuters can be expected to use the existing subway stations in Tongzhou as a result of the relocation; and (2) How can Tongzhou be better connected to the megaregion’s high-speed rail network and a major airport. To answer the first question, a GIS-based model was used to analyze subway ridership data to estimate changes in rush hour commuters at Tongzhou’s subway stations under three scenarios. The results estimate substantial increases in commuters unless large proportions of the workers move their residences to Tongzhou. To answer the second question, a Moving Platform Infrastructure Network (MPIN) was conceptualized as an innovative alternative to provide needed access to high-speed rail and a major airport. The resulting MPIN provides fast and environmentally sensitive connections, while potentially reducing congestion at the Beijing South railway station. In addition, the MPIN concept could be used in other parts of the megaregion.
Christopher Auffrey; Xin Fu; Xinhao Wang; Alyssa Wissel McClearnon. Enhancing Beijing’s Resilience by Improving Tongzhou’s Access to High-Speed Rail Transportation. Urban Rail Transit 2017, 3, 23 -33.
AMA StyleChristopher Auffrey, Xin Fu, Xinhao Wang, Alyssa Wissel McClearnon. Enhancing Beijing’s Resilience by Improving Tongzhou’s Access to High-Speed Rail Transportation. Urban Rail Transit. 2017; 3 (1):23-33.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChristopher Auffrey; Xin Fu; Xinhao Wang; Alyssa Wissel McClearnon. 2017. "Enhancing Beijing’s Resilience by Improving Tongzhou’s Access to High-Speed Rail Transportation." Urban Rail Transit 3, no. 1: 23-33.
Highlights•Proposed ecological wisdom as benchmark in making and assessing planning and design.•Built ecological wisdom evaluation system.•Developed Ecological Wisdom Inspired Planning Support System assisting decision making.•Generated baseline scenario, conventional plan scenario and conservative plan scenario. AbstractThis paper sets ecological wisdom as benchmark in landscape and urban planning to develop socio-ecologically just plans. It proposes an Ecological Wisdom Inspired Planning Support System (EWIPSS) that incorporates functions of scenario development, simulation and evaluation under a wisdom-guidance framework to facilitate planners' plan-making and public's decision-making activities. Through a case study in the City of Wilmington, Ohio, USA, in which EWIPSS was implemented, we demonstrate that ecological wisdom can be an effective benchmark in planning practice.
Xin Fu; Xinhao Wang; Chris Schock; Taylor Stuckert. Ecological wisdom as benchmark in planning and design. Landscape and Urban Planning 2016, 155, 79 -90.
AMA StyleXin Fu, Xinhao Wang, Chris Schock, Taylor Stuckert. Ecological wisdom as benchmark in planning and design. Landscape and Urban Planning. 2016; 155 ():79-90.
Chicago/Turabian StyleXin Fu; Xinhao Wang; Chris Schock; Taylor Stuckert. 2016. "Ecological wisdom as benchmark in planning and design." Landscape and Urban Planning 155, no. : 79-90.
Harbin is regional central city of Northeast areas of China, and enters the fast industrialization and urbanization stage gradually. In order to resolve problems of sustainable development as well as raise the level of sustainable development, we need to appraise the present degree of sustainable development, induce its change characteristics. Through establishing evaluation system including economical, social and ecological indicators and synthesizing entropy value method and AHP method to calculating weight of indicators, we evaluate sustainable development index of Harbin about the latest 15 years and induce its change characteristics. Finally, we provide policy suggestion for improving sustainable development level of Harbin.
Fu Xin; Du Guoming; Xin Fu; Guoming Du. Sustainable development evaluation and improving for Harbin. 2010 IEEE International Conference on Emergency Management and Management Sciences 2010, 157 -160.
AMA StyleFu Xin, Du Guoming, Xin Fu, Guoming Du. Sustainable development evaluation and improving for Harbin. 2010 IEEE International Conference on Emergency Management and Management Sciences. 2010; ():157-160.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFu Xin; Du Guoming; Xin Fu; Guoming Du. 2010. "Sustainable development evaluation and improving for Harbin." 2010 IEEE International Conference on Emergency Management and Management Sciences , no. : 157-160.