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Cinzia Daraio. Altmetrics as an Answer to the Need for Democratization of Research and Its Evaluation. Journal of Altmetrics 2021, 4, 1 .
AMA StyleCinzia Daraio. Altmetrics as an Answer to the Need for Democratization of Research and Its Evaluation. Journal of Altmetrics. 2021; 4 (1):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCinzia Daraio. 2021. "Altmetrics as an Answer to the Need for Democratization of Research and Its Evaluation." Journal of Altmetrics 4, no. 1: 1.
The nonparametric assessment of police efficiency and effectiveness is challenging due to the stochastic nature of criminal behavior and the subjective dependence on multiple decision criteria, leading to different prospects depending on the regulation, necessity, or organizational objective. There is a trade-off between sustainable efficiency and effectiveness in many police performance assessments, because many departments can be crime-specialized or cannot reproduce good results effectively on more severe or complex occurrences. This study aims to provide a non-compensatory ranking classification combining Conditional Frontier Analysis with the PROMETHEE II methodology for the multidimensional efficiency and effectiveness analysis of police. The results on Pernambuco (Brazil) Police departments offer interesting perspectives for public administrations concerning prioritizations of units based on the mitigation of resources and strategic objectives.
Thyago Nepomuceno; Cinzia Daraio; Ana Costa. Multicriteria Ranking for the Efficient and Effective Assessment of Police Departments. Sustainability 2021, 13, 4251 .
AMA StyleThyago Nepomuceno, Cinzia Daraio, Ana Costa. Multicriteria Ranking for the Efficient and Effective Assessment of Police Departments. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (8):4251.
Chicago/Turabian StyleThyago Nepomuceno; Cinzia Daraio; Ana Costa. 2021. "Multicriteria Ranking for the Efficient and Effective Assessment of Police Departments." Sustainability 13, no. 8: 4251.
In this paper we show the usefulness of recent advanced nonparametric efficiency techniques to model the performance of universities in the presence of observed and unobserved heterogeneity. Using directional distances for benchmarking purposes, we identify a latent heterogeneity factor related to the human capital of the universities and their management, that is independent from their size, and interpret the identified latent factor as a “quality” factor of the universities. After testing the significance of this latent factor, we investigate its impact on the boundary of the production set (efficient frontier) and on the distances of the units from the efficient frontier. The frontier and the efficiency distribution of our European Universities sample appear influenced by our estimated latent quality factor. We investigate these impacts from various points of view, including the trade-off between our quality factor and efficiency as well as the roles of size and specialization.
Cinzia Daraio; Léopold Simar; Paul W. Wilson. Quality as a latent heterogeneity factor in the efficiency of universities. Economic Modelling 2021, 99, 105485 .
AMA StyleCinzia Daraio, Léopold Simar, Paul W. Wilson. Quality as a latent heterogeneity factor in the efficiency of universities. Economic Modelling. 2021; 99 ():105485.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCinzia Daraio; Léopold Simar; Paul W. Wilson. 2021. "Quality as a latent heterogeneity factor in the efficiency of universities." Economic Modelling 99, no. : 105485.
Bibliometric indicators such as the number of published articles and citations received are subject to a strong ambiguity. A high numerical value of bibliometric indicators may not measure the quality of scientific production, but only a high level of activity of a researcher. There may be cases of good researchers who do not produce a high number of articles, but have few research products of high quality. The sociology of science relies on the so-called “Matthew effect,” which is inspired by Matthew’s Gospel on Talents. “Those that have more will have more” seems to support the idea that those that publish more, merit to have higher bibliometric indicators, and to be recognized for their major results. But is this really the case? Can bibliometric indicators be considered a measure of the merit of scholars or they come from luck and chance? The answer is of fundamental importance to identify best practices in research assessment. In this work, using philosophical argumentation, we show how Christian theology, in particular St. Thomas Aquinas, can help us to clarify the concept of merit, overcoming the conceptual ambiguities and problems highlighted by the existing literature. By doing this, Christian theology, will allow us to introduce the evaluation framework in a broader perspective better suited to the interpretation of the complexity of research evaluation.
Cinzia Daraio. In Defense of Merit to Overcome Merit. Frontiers in Research Metrics and Analytics 2021, 5, 1 .
AMA StyleCinzia Daraio. In Defense of Merit to Overcome Merit. Frontiers in Research Metrics and Analytics. 2021; 5 ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCinzia Daraio. 2021. "In Defense of Merit to Overcome Merit." Frontiers in Research Metrics and Analytics 5, no. : 1.
The imputation of missing values in the detail data of Educational Institutions is a difficult task. These data contain multivariate time series, which cannot be satisfactory imputed by many existing imputation techniques. Moreover, almost all the data of an Institution are interconnected: the number of graduates is not independent from the number of students, the expenditure is not independent from the staff, etc. In other words, each imputed value has an impact on the whole set of data of the institution. Therefore, imputation techniques for this specific case should be designed very carefully. We describe here the methods and the codes of the imputation methodology developed to impute the various patterns of missing values which appear in similar interconnected data. In particular, a first part of the proposed methodology, called ``trend smoothing imputation'', is designed to impute missing values in time series by respecting the trend and the other features of an Institution. The second part of the proposed methodology, called ``donor imputation'', is designed to impute larger chunks of missing data by using values taken form similar Institutions in order to respect again their size and trend.
D. Aureli; R. Bruni; C. Daraio. Optimization methods for the imputation of missing values in Educational Institutions Data. MethodsX 2021, 8, 101208 .
AMA StyleD. Aureli, R. Bruni, C. Daraio. Optimization methods for the imputation of missing values in Educational Institutions Data. MethodsX. 2021; 8 ():101208.
Chicago/Turabian StyleD. Aureli; R. Bruni; C. Daraio. 2021. "Optimization methods for the imputation of missing values in Educational Institutions Data." MethodsX 8, no. : 101208.
Network models provide a general representation of inter-connected system dynamics. This ability to connect systems has led to a proliferation of network models for economic productivity analysis, primarily estimated non-parametrically using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). While network DEA models can be used to measure system performance, they lack a statistical framework for inference, due in part to the complex structure of network processes. We fill this gap by developing a general framework to infer the network structure in a Bayesian sense, in order to better understand the underlying relationships driving system performance. Our approach draws on recent advances in information science, machine learning and statistical inference from the physics of complex systems to estimate unobserved network linkages. To illustrate, we apply our framework to analyze the production of knowledge, via own and cross-disciplinary research, for a world-country panel of bibliometric data. We find significant interactions between related disciplinary research output, both in terms of quantity and quality. In the context of research productivity, our results on cross-disciplinary linkages could be used to better target research funding across disciplines and institutions. More generally, our framework for inferring the underlying network production technology could be applied to both public and private settings which entail spillovers, including intra- and inter-firm managerial decisions and public agency coordination. This framework also provides a systematic approach to model selection when the underlying network structure is unknown.
Moriah Bostian; Cinzia Daraio; Rolf Färe; Shawna Grosskopf; Maria Izzo; Luca Leuzzi; Giancarlo Ruocco; William Weber. Reconstructing Nonparametric Productivity Networks. Entropy 2020, 22, 1401 .
AMA StyleMoriah Bostian, Cinzia Daraio, Rolf Färe, Shawna Grosskopf, Maria Izzo, Luca Leuzzi, Giancarlo Ruocco, William Weber. Reconstructing Nonparametric Productivity Networks. Entropy. 2020; 22 (12):1401.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMoriah Bostian; Cinzia Daraio; Rolf Färe; Shawna Grosskopf; Maria Izzo; Luca Leuzzi; Giancarlo Ruocco; William Weber. 2020. "Reconstructing Nonparametric Productivity Networks." Entropy 22, no. 12: 1401.
Nonparametric assessments of police technical and scale efficiency is challenging because of the stochastic nature of criminal behavior and because of the subjective dependence on multiple decision criteria, which can lead to a more or less efficiency prospect depending on the regulation, necessity, or organizational objective. There is a trade-off between efficiency and effectiveness in many police performance assessments, i.e., efficient departments (producing more clear-ups with a given resource) are crime-specialized or cannot reproduce those good results effectively on more severe or complex occurrences. This study proposes a combined methodology for carrying out efficiency and effectiveness analysis of Police departments. A conditional non-parametric approach, which allows to include crime as an external factor in the analysis, is combined with a non-compensatory ranking based on the PROMETHEE II methodology for the approach illustrated on the multidimensional efficiency and effectiveness comparison of 145 Pernambuco (Brazil)'s police departments. The application results offer compelling perspectives for public administrations concerning the strategic prioritization of units for rewards or interventions.
Thyago C. C. Nepomuceno; Cinzia Daraio; Ana Paula C. S. Costa. Multicriteria Ranking for Police Efficient and Effective Analysis. 2020, 1 .
AMA StyleThyago C. C. Nepomuceno, Cinzia Daraio, Ana Paula C. S. Costa. Multicriteria Ranking for Police Efficient and Effective Analysis. . 2020; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleThyago C. C. Nepomuceno; Cinzia Daraio; Ana Paula C. S. Costa. 2020. "Multicriteria Ranking for Police Efficient and Effective Analysis." , no. : 1.
Giuseppe Catalano; Cinzia Daraio; Jacqueline Leta; Henk F. Moed; Giancarlo Ruocco; Xiaolin Zhang. Novel Approaches to the Development and Application of Informetric and Scientometric Tools. Journal of Data and Information Science 2020, 5, 1 -4.
AMA StyleGiuseppe Catalano, Cinzia Daraio, Jacqueline Leta, Henk F. Moed, Giancarlo Ruocco, Xiaolin Zhang. Novel Approaches to the Development and Application of Informetric and Scientometric Tools. Journal of Data and Information Science. 2020; 5 (4):1-4.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGiuseppe Catalano; Cinzia Daraio; Jacqueline Leta; Henk F. Moed; Giancarlo Ruocco; Xiaolin Zhang. 2020. "Novel Approaches to the Development and Application of Informetric and Scientometric Tools." Journal of Data and Information Science 5, no. 4: 1-4.
Purpose The main objective of this work is to show the potentialities of recently developed approaches for automatic knowledge extraction directly from the universities’ websites. The information automatically extracted can be potentially updated with a frequency higher than once per year, and be safe from manipulations or misinterpretations. Moreover, this approach allows us flexibility in collecting indicators about the efficiency of universities’ websites and their effectiveness in disseminating key contents. These new indicators can complement traditional indicators of scientific research (e.g. number of articles and number of citations) and teaching (e.g. number of students and graduates) by introducing further dimensions to allow new insights for “profiling” the analyzed universities. Design/methodology/approach Webometrics relies on web mining methods and techniques to perform quantitative analyses of the web. This study implements an advanced application of the webometric approach, exploiting all the three categories of web mining: web content mining; web structure mining; web usage mining. The information to compute our indicators has been extracted from the universities’ websites by using web scraping and text mining techniques. The scraped information has been stored in a NoSQL DB according to a semi-structured form to allow for retrieving information efficiently by text mining techniques. This provides increased flexibility in the design of new indicators, opening the door to new types of analyses. Some data have also been collected by means of batch interrogations of search engines (Bing, www.bing.com) or from a leading provider of Web analytics (SimilarWeb, http://www.similarweb.com). The information extracted from the Web has been combined with the University structural information taken from the European Tertiary Education Register (https://eter.joanneum.at/#/home), a database collecting information on Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) at European level. All the above was used to perform a clusterization of 79 Italian universities based on structural and digital indicators. Findings The main findings of this study concern the evaluation of the potential in digitalization of universities, in particular by presenting techniques for the automatic extraction of information from the web to build indicators of quality and impact of universities’ websites. These indicators can complement traditional indicators and can be used to identify groups of universities with common features using clustering techniques working with the above indicators. Research limitations The results reported in this study refers to Italian universities only, but the approach could be extended to other university systems abroad. Practical implications The approach proposed in this study and its illustration on Italian universities show the usefulness of recently introduced automatic data extraction and web scraping approaches and its practical relevance for characterizing and profiling the activities of universities on the basis of their websites. The approach could be applied to other university systems. Originality/value This work applies for the first time to university websites some recently introduced techniques for automatic knowledge extraction based on web scraping, optical character recognition and nontrivial text mining operations (Bruni & Bianchi, 2020).
Gianpiero Bianchi; Renato Bruni; Cinzia Daraio; Antonio Laureti Palma; Giulio Perani; Francesco Scalfati. Exploring the Potentialities of Automatic Extraction of University Webometric Information. Journal of Data and Information Science 2020, 5, 43 -55.
AMA StyleGianpiero Bianchi, Renato Bruni, Cinzia Daraio, Antonio Laureti Palma, Giulio Perani, Francesco Scalfati. Exploring the Potentialities of Automatic Extraction of University Webometric Information. Journal of Data and Information Science. 2020; 5 (4):43-55.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGianpiero Bianchi; Renato Bruni; Cinzia Daraio; Antonio Laureti Palma; Giulio Perani; Francesco Scalfati. 2020. "Exploring the Potentialities of Automatic Extraction of University Webometric Information." Journal of Data and Information Science 5, no. 4: 43-55.
Cinzia Daraio; Henk F. Moed; Giuseppe Catalano; Giancarlo Ruocco; Cassidy R. Sugimoto; Wolfgang Glänzel. The 17th International Conference on Scientometrics and Informetrics. Scientometrics 2020, 125, 831 -834.
AMA StyleCinzia Daraio, Henk F. Moed, Giuseppe Catalano, Giancarlo Ruocco, Cassidy R. Sugimoto, Wolfgang Glänzel. The 17th International Conference on Scientometrics and Informetrics. Scientometrics. 2020; 125 (2):831-834.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCinzia Daraio; Henk F. Moed; Giuseppe Catalano; Giancarlo Ruocco; Cassidy R. Sugimoto; Wolfgang Glänzel. 2020. "The 17th International Conference on Scientometrics and Informetrics." Scientometrics 125, no. 2: 831-834.
The quantitative evaluation of research is currently carried out by means of indicators calculated on data extracted and integrated by analysts who elaborate them by creating illustrative tables and plots of results. In this approach, the robustness of the metrics used and the possibility for users of the metrics to intervene in the evaluation process are completely neglected. We propose a new approach which is able to move forward, from indicators’ development to an interactive performance model’s development. It combines the advantages of the ontology-based data access paradigm with the flexibility and robustness of a visual analytics environment putting the consumer/stakeholder at the centre of the evaluation. A detailed description of such an approach is presented in the paper. The approach is illustrated and evaluated trough a comprehensive user’s study that proves the added capabilities and the benefits that a user of performance models can have by using this approach.
Marco Angelini; Cinzia Daraio; Maurizio Lenzerini; Francesco Leotta; Giuseppe Santucci. Performance model’s development: a novel approach encompassing ontology-based data access and visual analytics. Scientometrics 2020, 125, 865 -892.
AMA StyleMarco Angelini, Cinzia Daraio, Maurizio Lenzerini, Francesco Leotta, Giuseppe Santucci. Performance model’s development: a novel approach encompassing ontology-based data access and visual analytics. Scientometrics. 2020; 125 (2):865-892.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarco Angelini; Cinzia Daraio; Maurizio Lenzerini; Francesco Leotta; Giuseppe Santucci. 2020. "Performance model’s development: a novel approach encompassing ontology-based data access and visual analytics." Scientometrics 125, no. 2: 865-892.
This work discusses the issue on how to include data about property and violent crimes in the production technology for the assessment of police technical efficiency. It applies recent advances in Directional Distances and Nonparametric Estimators. We claim that crime is an external variable not under the control of the decision units in view of the fact that it is exogenously determined. The results from the Conditional Directional Distance Analysis can be relevant to cities with high property misdemeanors and homicide rates. Our analysis may be helpful to obtain a more robust and fair classification of police and justice units under similar circumstances, determine the empirical effect of crime on police productivity, their optimal input–output relationship, explore potential associations and compensation effects, and rewarding efficient policy makers in the prevention of crime based on measures of police efficiency and effectiveness.
Thyago Celso Cavalcante Nepomuceno; Katarina Tatiana Marques Santiago; Cinzia Daraio; Ana Paula Cabral Seixas Costa. Exogenous crimes and the assessment of public safety efficiency and effectiveness. Annals of Operations Research 2020, 1 -34.
AMA StyleThyago Celso Cavalcante Nepomuceno, Katarina Tatiana Marques Santiago, Cinzia Daraio, Ana Paula Cabral Seixas Costa. Exogenous crimes and the assessment of public safety efficiency and effectiveness. Annals of Operations Research. 2020; ():1-34.
Chicago/Turabian StyleThyago Celso Cavalcante Nepomuceno; Katarina Tatiana Marques Santiago; Cinzia Daraio; Ana Paula Cabral Seixas Costa. 2020. "Exogenous crimes and the assessment of public safety efficiency and effectiveness." Annals of Operations Research , no. : 1-34.
Cinzia Daraio. Nonparametric Methods and Higher Education. The International Encyclopedia of Higher Education Systems and Institutions 2020, 2109 -2114.
AMA StyleCinzia Daraio. Nonparametric Methods and Higher Education. The International Encyclopedia of Higher Education Systems and Institutions. 2020; ():2109-2114.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCinzia Daraio. 2020. "Nonparametric Methods and Higher Education." The International Encyclopedia of Higher Education Systems and Institutions , no. : 2109-2114.
In this paper, we propose the adoption of moral philosophy and in particular normative ethics, to clarify the concept of “good” evaluation of “research practices”. Using MacIntyre (1985)’s notion of a practice we argue that research is a form of social practice. As a result of this characterization, we claim that research practice typically requires three typologies of researcher: the leader, the good researcher and the honest researcher. Reflecting on what is a “good” research practice and on what is the role of researchers in it provides insight into some aspects of both the self-assessment process and how this promotes individual improvement. Moreover, this kind of reflection helps us to describe the functions (missions) of the research practices. A “good” evaluation should take into account all the building constituents of a “good” research practice and should be able to discriminate between good and bad research practices, while enforcing the functions of good research practices. We believe that these reflections may be the starting point for a paradigm shift in the evaluation of research practices which replaces an evaluation centred on products with an evaluation focused on the functions of these practices. In the last sections of the paper, we introduce and discuss an important aspect for the implementation of the proposed framework. This relates to the assessment of the virtues of researchers involved in a good research practice. Some examples of questions and preliminary items to include in a questionnaire for the assessment of Virtues in Research Practices are also provided.
Cinzia Daraio; Alessio Vaccari. Using normative ethics for building a good evaluation of research practices: towards the assessment of researcher’s virtues. Scientometrics 2020, 125, 1053 -1075.
AMA StyleCinzia Daraio, Alessio Vaccari. Using normative ethics for building a good evaluation of research practices: towards the assessment of researcher’s virtues. Scientometrics. 2020; 125 (2):1053-1075.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCinzia Daraio; Alessio Vaccari. 2020. "Using normative ethics for building a good evaluation of research practices: towards the assessment of researcher’s virtues." Scientometrics 125, no. 2: 1053-1075.
Giuseppe Catalano; Cinzia Daraio; Jacqueline Leta; Henk F. Moed; Giancarlo Ruocco; Xiaolin Zhang. Novel Approaches to the Development and Application of Informetric and Scientometric Tools. Journal of Data and Information Science 2020, 5, 1 -4.
AMA StyleGiuseppe Catalano, Cinzia Daraio, Jacqueline Leta, Henk F. Moed, Giancarlo Ruocco, Xiaolin Zhang. Novel Approaches to the Development and Application of Informetric and Scientometric Tools. Journal of Data and Information Science. 2020; 5 (3):1-4.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGiuseppe Catalano; Cinzia Daraio; Jacqueline Leta; Henk F. Moed; Giancarlo Ruocco; Xiaolin Zhang. 2020. "Novel Approaches to the Development and Application of Informetric and Scientometric Tools." Journal of Data and Information Science 5, no. 3: 1-4.
This part presents a collection of the most important publications by Henk F. Moed. This collection characterises the author as a researcher personality with a broad spectrum of activities and a multifaceted research profile. As Henk Moed has contributed to the advancement of the field in many topics, an overview of the development of his career is, to a considerable extent, also a survey of the research field. We grouped his publications into seven topics in the field at the intersection of bibliometrics, informetrics, science studies and research assessment. The main topics are the following.
Cinzia Daraio; Wolfgang Glänzel. Selected essays of Henk F. Moed. Evaluative Informetrics: The Art of Metrics-Based Research Assessment 2020, 15 -67.
AMA StyleCinzia Daraio, Wolfgang Glänzel. Selected essays of Henk F. Moed. Evaluative Informetrics: The Art of Metrics-Based Research Assessment. 2020; ():15-67.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCinzia Daraio; Wolfgang Glänzel. 2020. "Selected essays of Henk F. Moed." Evaluative Informetrics: The Art of Metrics-Based Research Assessment , no. : 15-67.
The title of the editorial introduction summarises the main objective of this book. During the ISSI2019 Conference held at the Sapienza University of Rome, on 5 September 2019, we organised a Special Plenary Session in honour of our colleague and friend Prof. Henk F. Moed to celebrate his retirement.
Cinzia Daraio; Wolfgang Glänzel. Tracing the Art of Metrics-Based Research Assessment Through Henk Moed’s Work. Evaluative Informetrics: The Art of Metrics-Based Research Assessment 2020, 1 -11.
AMA StyleCinzia Daraio, Wolfgang Glänzel. Tracing the Art of Metrics-Based Research Assessment Through Henk Moed’s Work. Evaluative Informetrics: The Art of Metrics-Based Research Assessment. 2020; ():1-11.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCinzia Daraio; Wolfgang Glänzel. 2020. "Tracing the Art of Metrics-Based Research Assessment Through Henk Moed’s Work." Evaluative Informetrics: The Art of Metrics-Based Research Assessment , no. : 1-11.
In this paper, we compare the distribution of Elsevier Scopus subject areas of authors’ documents, their bibliographical references and their citing documents. We compute the complement of the Herfindahl–Hirschman index as a measure of multidisciplinarity. We analyse a sample of 120 researchers belonging to two groups, one from the Italian Institute of Technology (IIT, whose work is expected to be highly multidisciplinary) and one from the National Institute for Nuclear Physics (INFN, whose work is expected to be much less multidisciplinary). We show that the two groups are distinguishable through the measured index values. By using the subject areas of authors’ bibliographical references we obtain a better identification of the two groups than relying on the subject areas of the author’s documents. We then extend the analysis to 3317 researchers belonging to seven Italian Scientific-Disciplinary sectors (SSD) providing insights about the degree of multidisciplinarity within each SSD. The results seem interesting for assessing the multidisciplinarity of younger researchers with scarce scientific output and few citations.
Ugo Moschini; Elena Fenialdi; Cinzia Daraio; Giancarlo Ruocco; Elisa Molinari. A comparison of three multidisciplinarity indices based on the diversity of Scopus subject areas of authors’ documents, their bibliography and their citing papers. Scientometrics 2020, 125, 1145 -1158.
AMA StyleUgo Moschini, Elena Fenialdi, Cinzia Daraio, Giancarlo Ruocco, Elisa Molinari. A comparison of three multidisciplinarity indices based on the diversity of Scopus subject areas of authors’ documents, their bibliography and their citing papers. Scientometrics. 2020; 125 (2):1145-1158.
Chicago/Turabian StyleUgo Moschini; Elena Fenialdi; Cinzia Daraio; Giancarlo Ruocco; Elisa Molinari. 2020. "A comparison of three multidisciplinarity indices based on the diversity of Scopus subject areas of authors’ documents, their bibliography and their citing papers." Scientometrics 125, no. 2: 1145-1158.
This contribution is the first attempt to systematically review all empirical surveys that so far have been made available in the broad field of efficiency and productivity analysis using frontier estimation methodologies. We provide a systematic bibliometric review on the many empirical surveys in the field of efficiency and productivity analysis, the most relevant concepts, areas, overlaps, and potentials to explore from its introduction to the most recent surveys. We combine the United Nations’ International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC) taxonomy for the economic activity with the Journal of Economic Literature (JEL) classification system to classify the empirical surveys and to identify the current gaps in the literature. In addition to the most relevant/generic potential areas for applications (according to the United Nation's ISIC), this methodology provides a cluster analysis with the most relevant concepts that have been considered so far (according to the JEL codes). This overview brings an interesting guide for future work to develop the whole field.
Cinzia Daraio; Kristiaan Kerstens; Thyago Nepomuceno; Robin C. Sickles. Empirical surveys of frontier applications: a meta-review. International Transactions in Operational Research 2019, 27, 709 -738.
AMA StyleCinzia Daraio, Kristiaan Kerstens, Thyago Nepomuceno, Robin C. Sickles. Empirical surveys of frontier applications: a meta-review. International Transactions in Operational Research. 2019; 27 (2):709-738.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCinzia Daraio; Kristiaan Kerstens; Thyago Nepomuceno; Robin C. Sickles. 2019. "Empirical surveys of frontier applications: a meta-review." International Transactions in Operational Research 27, no. 2: 709-738.
Conditional efficiency measures are needed when the production process does not depend only on the inputs and outputs, but may be influenced by external factors and/or environmental variables (Z). They are estimated by means of a nonparametric estimator of the conditional distribution function of the inputs and outputs, conditionally on values of Z. For doing this, smoothing procedures and smoothing parameters, the bandwidths, are involved. So far, Least Squares Cross Validation (LSCV) methods have been used, which have been proven to provide bandwidths with optimal rates for estimating conditional distributions. In efficiency analysis, the main interest is in the estimation of the conditional efficiency score, which typically depends on the boundary of the support of the distribution and not on the full conditional distribution. In this paper, we show indeed that the rate for the bandwidths which is optimal for estimating conditional distributions, may not be optimal for the estimation of the efficiency scores. We propose hence a new approach based on the bootstrap which overcomes these difficulties. We analyze and compare, through Monte Carlo simulations, the performances of LSCV techniques with our bootstrap approach in finite samples. As expected, our bootstrap approach shows generally better performances and is more robust to the various Monte Carlo scenarios analyzed. We also illustrate our methodology through an empirical example using an US Aggressive-Growth Mutual Funds data set.
Luiza Bădin; Cinzia Daraio; Léopold Simar. A bootstrap approach for bandwidth selection in estimating conditional efficiency measures. European Journal of Operational Research 2019, 277, 784 -797.
AMA StyleLuiza Bădin, Cinzia Daraio, Léopold Simar. A bootstrap approach for bandwidth selection in estimating conditional efficiency measures. European Journal of Operational Research. 2019; 277 (2):784-797.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLuiza Bădin; Cinzia Daraio; Léopold Simar. 2019. "A bootstrap approach for bandwidth selection in estimating conditional efficiency measures." European Journal of Operational Research 277, no. 2: 784-797.