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The nonparametric assessment of police efficiency and effectiveness is challenging due to the stochastic nature of criminal behavior and the subjective dependence on multiple decision criteria, leading to different prospects depending on the regulation, necessity, or organizational objective. There is a trade-off between sustainable efficiency and effectiveness in many police performance assessments, because many departments can be crime-specialized or cannot reproduce good results effectively on more severe or complex occurrences. This study aims to provide a non-compensatory ranking classification combining Conditional Frontier Analysis with the PROMETHEE II methodology for the multidimensional efficiency and effectiveness analysis of police. The results on Pernambuco (Brazil) Police departments offer interesting perspectives for public administrations concerning prioritizations of units based on the mitigation of resources and strategic objectives.
Thyago Nepomuceno; Cinzia Daraio; Ana Costa. Multicriteria Ranking for the Efficient and Effective Assessment of Police Departments. Sustainability 2021, 13, 4251 .
AMA StyleThyago Nepomuceno, Cinzia Daraio, Ana Costa. Multicriteria Ranking for the Efficient and Effective Assessment of Police Departments. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (8):4251.
Chicago/Turabian StyleThyago Nepomuceno; Cinzia Daraio; Ana Costa. 2021. "Multicriteria Ranking for the Efficient and Effective Assessment of Police Departments." Sustainability 13, no. 8: 4251.
Nonparametric assessments of police technical and scale efficiency is challenging because of the stochastic nature of criminal behavior and because of the subjective dependence on multiple decision criteria, which can lead to a more or less efficiency prospect depending on the regulation, necessity, or organizational objective. There is a trade-off between efficiency and effectiveness in many police performance assessments, i.e., efficient departments (producing more clear-ups with a given resource) are crime-specialized or cannot reproduce those good results effectively on more severe or complex occurrences. This study proposes a combined methodology for carrying out efficiency and effectiveness analysis of Police departments. A conditional non-parametric approach, which allows to include crime as an external factor in the analysis, is combined with a non-compensatory ranking based on the PROMETHEE II methodology for the approach illustrated on the multidimensional efficiency and effectiveness comparison of 145 Pernambuco (Brazil)'s police departments. The application results offer compelling perspectives for public administrations concerning the strategic prioritization of units for rewards or interventions.
Thyago C. C. Nepomuceno; Cinzia Daraio; Ana Paula C. S. Costa. Multicriteria Ranking for Police Efficient and Effective Analysis. 2020, 1 .
AMA StyleThyago C. C. Nepomuceno, Cinzia Daraio, Ana Paula C. S. Costa. Multicriteria Ranking for Police Efficient and Effective Analysis. . 2020; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleThyago C. C. Nepomuceno; Cinzia Daraio; Ana Paula C. S. Costa. 2020. "Multicriteria Ranking for Police Efficient and Effective Analysis." , no. : 1.
Data envelopment analysis (DEA) is a powerful nonparametric engineering tool for estimating technical efficiency and production capacity of service units. Assuming an equally proportional change in the output/input ratio, we can estimate how many additional medical resource health service units would be required if the number of hospitalizations was expected to increase during an epidemic outbreak. This assessment proposes a two-step methodology for hospital beds vacancy and reallocation during the COVID-19 pandemic. The framework determines the production capacity of hospitals through data envelopment analysis and incorporates the complexity of needs in two categories for the reallocation of beds throughout the medical specialties. As a result, we have a set of inefficient healthcare units presenting less complex bed slacks to be reduced, that is, to be allocated for patients presenting with more severe conditions. The first results in this work, in collaboration with state and municipal administrations in Brazil, report 3772 beds feasible to be evacuated by 64% of the analyzed health units, of which more than 82% are moderate complexity evacuations. The proposed assessment and methodology can provide a direction for governments and policymakers to develop strategies based on a robust quantitative production capacity measure.
Thyago C. C. Nepomuceno; Wilka M. N. Silva; Késsia T. C. Nepomuceno; Isloana K. F. Barros. A DEA-Based Complexity of Needs Approach for Hospital Beds Evacuation during the COVID-19 Outbreak. Journal of Healthcare Engineering 2020, 2020, 1 -9.
AMA StyleThyago C. C. Nepomuceno, Wilka M. N. Silva, Késsia T. C. Nepomuceno, Isloana K. F. Barros. A DEA-Based Complexity of Needs Approach for Hospital Beds Evacuation during the COVID-19 Outbreak. Journal of Healthcare Engineering. 2020; 2020 ():1-9.
Chicago/Turabian StyleThyago C. C. Nepomuceno; Wilka M. N. Silva; Késsia T. C. Nepomuceno; Isloana K. F. Barros. 2020. "A DEA-Based Complexity of Needs Approach for Hospital Beds Evacuation during the COVID-19 Outbreak." Journal of Healthcare Engineering 2020, no. : 1-9.
This work discusses the issue on how to include data about property and violent crimes in the production technology for the assessment of police technical efficiency. It applies recent advances in Directional Distances and Nonparametric Estimators. We claim that crime is an external variable not under the control of the decision units in view of the fact that it is exogenously determined. The results from the Conditional Directional Distance Analysis can be relevant to cities with high property misdemeanors and homicide rates. Our analysis may be helpful to obtain a more robust and fair classification of police and justice units under similar circumstances, determine the empirical effect of crime on police productivity, their optimal input–output relationship, explore potential associations and compensation effects, and rewarding efficient policy makers in the prevention of crime based on measures of police efficiency and effectiveness.
Thyago Celso Cavalcante Nepomuceno; Katarina Tatiana Marques Santiago; Cinzia Daraio; Ana Paula Cabral Seixas Costa. Exogenous crimes and the assessment of public safety efficiency and effectiveness. Annals of Operations Research 2020, 1 -34.
AMA StyleThyago Celso Cavalcante Nepomuceno, Katarina Tatiana Marques Santiago, Cinzia Daraio, Ana Paula Cabral Seixas Costa. Exogenous crimes and the assessment of public safety efficiency and effectiveness. Annals of Operations Research. 2020; ():1-34.
Chicago/Turabian StyleThyago Celso Cavalcante Nepomuceno; Katarina Tatiana Marques Santiago; Cinzia Daraio; Ana Paula Cabral Seixas Costa. 2020. "Exogenous crimes and the assessment of public safety efficiency and effectiveness." Annals of Operations Research , no. : 1-34.
Using crime as production input or output has been reported in many assessments of police efficiency. This discussion Preprint evaluates this controversial use based on a general framework of crime and comments from the scientific literature. The complete assessment and discussion of this paper can be accessed in Nepomuceno et al. (2020) "Exogenous Crimes and the Assessment of Public Safety Efficiency and Effectiveness", Annals of Operations Research.
Thyago Celso Cavalcante Nepomuceno. A General Framework of Crime Determination and the Controversial Use of Crime in the Efficiency Analysis. 2020, 1 .
AMA StyleThyago Celso Cavalcante Nepomuceno. A General Framework of Crime Determination and the Controversial Use of Crime in the Efficiency Analysis. . 2020; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleThyago Celso Cavalcante Nepomuceno. 2020. "A General Framework of Crime Determination and the Controversial Use of Crime in the Efficiency Analysis." , no. : 1.
This paper aims to present an experiment developed in order to produce a corpus with automated annotation, using pre-existing annotated corpus and machine learning classification methods. A search for pre-existing annotated corpora in Brazilian Portuguese was applied, founding six corpora of which one has been selected as the training dataset. A set of tweets was collected in a specific area of Recife (Pernambuco-Brazil) using some keywords related to kinds of crimes and reinforcing some places in that area. Preprocessing tasks were applied over the pre-existing corpus and the tweets’ set collected. Latent Dirichlet Allocation was applied for topic modeling followed by Multinomial Naïve Bayes, Linear Support Vector Machines, and Logistic Regression for the sentiment polarity classification. The results of the cross-validation of the experiment indicated Linear Support Vector Machines as the most accurate classification method among the three considering the specific training set used, and by this method, the new annotated corpus about the selected topic related to public security was created.
Victor Carvalho; Thyago Celso Cavalcante Nepomuceno; Ana Paula Cabral Seixas Costa. An Automated Corpus Annotation Experiment in Brazilian Portuguese for Sentiment Analysis in Public Security. Business Information Systems 2020, 99 -111.
AMA StyleVictor Carvalho, Thyago Celso Cavalcante Nepomuceno, Ana Paula Cabral Seixas Costa. An Automated Corpus Annotation Experiment in Brazilian Portuguese for Sentiment Analysis in Public Security. Business Information Systems. 2020; ():99-111.
Chicago/Turabian StyleVictor Carvalho; Thyago Celso Cavalcante Nepomuceno; Ana Paula Cabral Seixas Costa. 2020. "An Automated Corpus Annotation Experiment in Brazilian Portuguese for Sentiment Analysis in Public Security." Business Information Systems , no. : 99-111.
Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) is a linear programming tool that indicates benchmarking peers for inefficient service units to become efficient. Nevertheless, for strategic reasons the benchmarking of best practices and knowledge aggregation from efficient competitors is not usual. A time-series adaptation for directional model is proposed in this work as an alternative. The analysis applied to one branch unit of Brazilian Federal Saving Bank allowed an internal benchmarking of efficient periods of which innovative processes, competitive strategies, human resource changes, and specific incentive structures were adopted. This added knowledge provided an advantage to improve the performance of the service unit. In addition, managers to draw the best strategy in each period can use the model on pre-determined goals.
Thyago Celso Cavalvante Nepomuceno; Victor Diogho Heuer de Carvalho; Ana Paula Cabral Seixas Costa. Time-Series Directional Efficiency for Knowledge Benchmarking in Service Organizations. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing 2020, 333 -339.
AMA StyleThyago Celso Cavalvante Nepomuceno, Victor Diogho Heuer de Carvalho, Ana Paula Cabral Seixas Costa. Time-Series Directional Efficiency for Knowledge Benchmarking in Service Organizations. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing. 2020; ():333-339.
Chicago/Turabian StyleThyago Celso Cavalvante Nepomuceno; Victor Diogho Heuer de Carvalho; Ana Paula Cabral Seixas Costa. 2020. "Time-Series Directional Efficiency for Knowledge Benchmarking in Service Organizations." Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing , no. : 333-339.
Non compensatory choices are widespread in the economics, strategic management and decision making. Nevertheless, many assessments of productivity still fail to consider non-compensatory preference structures in the measure of the technical inefficiency. This paper proposes a preference elicitation schema, typical of Multi-criteria decision analysis, for the selection of the directional vector in the assessment of a sustainable productivity. The direction choice is based on the weighted aggregation of concordance indexes for each decision criteria on each individual input, such that it represents an index of relative importance according to the decision maker’s perspective. The methodology can be used to aid resource allocation and saving, identify benchmarks for efficient practices and more generally for planning environmental policies in many services and industrial organizations. We illustrate the method with an environmental efficiency evaluation of Brazilian Federal Saving Bank branches.
Thyago Celso Cavalcante Nepomuceno; Cinzia Daraio; Ana Paula Cabral Seixas Costa. Combining multi-criteria and directional distances to decompose non-compensatory measures of sustainable banking efficiency. Applied Economics Letters 2019, 27, 329 -334.
AMA StyleThyago Celso Cavalcante Nepomuceno, Cinzia Daraio, Ana Paula Cabral Seixas Costa. Combining multi-criteria and directional distances to decompose non-compensatory measures of sustainable banking efficiency. Applied Economics Letters. 2019; 27 (4):329-334.
Chicago/Turabian StyleThyago Celso Cavalcante Nepomuceno; Cinzia Daraio; Ana Paula Cabral Seixas Costa. 2019. "Combining multi-criteria and directional distances to decompose non-compensatory measures of sustainable banking efficiency." Applied Economics Letters 27, no. 4: 329-334.
The problem of aggregating large samples of criminal data in visual representations, as often observed in many studies using geographic information systems and optimization tools to perform social assessments and design spatial patterns, is discussed in this work. A compensation bias in the correlation measure of the spatial association can be found in such types of big data aggregations, which may jeopardize the entire analysis and the conclusions from the results. In this work, a big dataset of robbery incidents recorded from the years 2013 through 2016 in Recife, one of the most important Brazilian capitals, is decomposed into nine small sets of specific robberies, namely, larceny, armed robbery, group stealing, motor vehicles thefts, burglary, commercial burglary, saidinha de banco (saucy bank), motor vehicle robbery (carjacking) and arrastão (flash robbery). More accurate measures for the spatial autocorrelation can be derived from the individual incidences as proposed in this work. The visualization of optimized hot spots and cold spots of crime based on these autocorrelation measures besides enable rapid actions where crime concentrates, they have the property to design spatial patterns that can be associated with environmental, social and economic factors to support more efficient decision making on the allocation of public safety resources.
Thyago Celso C. Nepomuceno; Ana Paula Cabral Seixas Costa. Spatial visualization on patterns of disaggregate robberies. Operational Research 2019, 19, 857 -886.
AMA StyleThyago Celso C. Nepomuceno, Ana Paula Cabral Seixas Costa. Spatial visualization on patterns of disaggregate robberies. Operational Research. 2019; 19 (4):857-886.
Chicago/Turabian StyleThyago Celso C. Nepomuceno; Ana Paula Cabral Seixas Costa. 2019. "Spatial visualization on patterns of disaggregate robberies." Operational Research 19, no. 4: 857-886.
August 31, 2016 registered the historical impeachment of Brazilian president, Dilma Rousseff, indicted for contravening the budget law and misstating the public deficit that propelled the country into deep economic recession. Many disagreements on this matter have permeated the country’s conflict atmosphere, supported by arguments that the collective will of more than 54 million voters was disrespected. Based on 3,010 interviews conducted in 204 Brazilian cities, we construct a pairwise comparison to present arguments that Rousseff had no legitimate representation in the 2014 national elections. We demonstrate how the suboptimal support of invalid votes and deliberate abstentions might have misrepresented the results of Brazilian presidential election by choosing a pseudo‐Condorcet loser candidate. The results in the Brazilian case study presented here point to the weakness in the social process of aggregating preferences by relative or absolute majority, and sets out recommendations. Related Articles Galatas, Steven. 2008. “‘None of the Above?’ Casting Blank Ballots in Ontario Provincial Elections.” Politics & Policy 36 (3): 448‐473. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-1346.2008.00116.x Stockemer, Daniel. 2013. “Corruption and Turnout in Presidential Elections: A Macro‐Level Quantitative Analysis.” Politics & Policy 41 (2): 189‐212. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12012 Stockemer, Daniel, and Stephanie Parent. 2014. “The Inequality Turnout Nexus: New Evidence from Presidential Elections.” Politics & Policy 42 (2): 221‐245. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12067 Related Media The Conversation. 2017. “Kenneth Arrow’s Legacy and Why Elections Can Be Flawed.” March 1. https://theconversation.com/kenneth-arrows-legacy-and-why-elections-can-be-flawed-73675
Thyago Celso Cavalcante Nepomuceno; Ana Paula Cabral Seixas Costa. Invalid Votes, Deliberate Abstentions, and the Brazilian Crisis of Representation. Politics & Policy 2019, 47, 381 -406.
AMA StyleThyago Celso Cavalcante Nepomuceno, Ana Paula Cabral Seixas Costa. Invalid Votes, Deliberate Abstentions, and the Brazilian Crisis of Representation. Politics & Policy. 2019; 47 (2):381-406.
Chicago/Turabian StyleThyago Celso Cavalcante Nepomuceno; Ana Paula Cabral Seixas Costa. 2019. "Invalid Votes, Deliberate Abstentions, and the Brazilian Crisis of Representation." Politics & Policy 47, no. 2: 381-406.
This contribution is the first attempt to systematically review all empirical surveys that so far have been made available in the broad field of efficiency and productivity analysis using frontier estimation methodologies. We provide a systematic bibliometric review on the many empirical surveys in the field of efficiency and productivity analysis, the most relevant concepts, areas, overlaps, and potentials to explore from its introduction to the most recent surveys. We combine the United Nations’ International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC) taxonomy for the economic activity with the Journal of Economic Literature (JEL) classification system to classify the empirical surveys and to identify the current gaps in the literature. In addition to the most relevant/generic potential areas for applications (according to the United Nation's ISIC), this methodology provides a cluster analysis with the most relevant concepts that have been considered so far (according to the JEL codes). This overview brings an interesting guide for future work to develop the whole field.
Cinzia Daraio; Kristiaan Kerstens; Thyago Nepomuceno; Robin C. Sickles. Empirical surveys of frontier applications: a meta-review. International Transactions in Operational Research 2019, 27, 709 -738.
AMA StyleCinzia Daraio, Kristiaan Kerstens, Thyago Nepomuceno, Robin C. Sickles. Empirical surveys of frontier applications: a meta-review. International Transactions in Operational Research. 2019; 27 (2):709-738.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCinzia Daraio; Kristiaan Kerstens; Thyago Nepomuceno; Robin C. Sickles. 2019. "Empirical surveys of frontier applications: a meta-review." International Transactions in Operational Research 27, no. 2: 709-738.
Purpose This paper aims to introduce a negotiation support system (NSS) with a theoretical modeling that considers the aspects of human personality and negotiator’s behavior to assist the decision-making of public managers and stakeholders in democratic bargaining processes and support social-efficient outcomes. Design/methodology/approach A game theoretical modeling of public participatory negotiations characterized by complete and perfect information is explored with the inclusion of personality aspects and negotiation styles. The importance of the negotiation knowledge disclosure in the sequential bargains of participative budgeting is highlighted by an experiment with 162 state-owned companies’ managers and graduate students to present the contribution of the system’s applicability. Findings A considerable number of Pareto-efficient deliberation agreements are obtained with few interactions when the negotiation strategies and the personality aspects of opponents and stakeholders are freely available (a symmetry in the public negotiation knowledge). In addition to the set of Pareto-efficient agreements, those with the best social outcome (i.e. that maximize the group satisfaction despite individual losses) are observed when the informational tool for personality and negotiation style inference is enabled. Originality/value Many scholars argue for Pareto-efficient allocation instead of equal divisions of resources within participative democracies and public governance. This work provides a new system with an empirical application and theoretical modeling which may support those arguments based on the nonverbal negotiation aspects.
Thyago Celso Cavalcante Nepomuceno; Jadielson Alves de Moura; Ana Paula Cabral Seixas Costa. Modeling sequential bargains and personalities in democratic deliberation systems. Kybernetes 2018, 47, 1906 -1923.
AMA StyleThyago Celso Cavalcante Nepomuceno, Jadielson Alves de Moura, Ana Paula Cabral Seixas Costa. Modeling sequential bargains and personalities in democratic deliberation systems. Kybernetes. 2018; 47 (10):1906-1923.
Chicago/Turabian StyleThyago Celso Cavalcante Nepomuceno; Jadielson Alves de Moura; Ana Paula Cabral Seixas Costa. 2018. "Modeling sequential bargains and personalities in democratic deliberation systems." Kybernetes 47, no. 10: 1906-1923.
The software available to implement and carry out efficiency analysis is crucial for the diffusion of efficiency frontier techniques among applied researchers and policy makers. The implementation of up‐to‐date productivity and efficiency analysis is indeed important to advance our knowledge in many fields, ranging from the public and regulated sectors to the private ones. This contribution fills a gap in the existing literature and surveys the currently available options to estimate a variety of frontier methodologies using either general or dedicated programs. We outline directions for future research.
Cinzia Daraio; Kristiaan H.J. Kerstens; Thyago Celso Cavalcante Nepomuceno; Robin Sickles. PRODUCTIVITY AND EFFICIENCY ANALYSIS SOFTWARE: AN EXPLORATORY BIBLIOGRAPHICAL SURVEY OF THE OPTIONS. Journal of Economic Surveys 2018, 33, 85 -100.
AMA StyleCinzia Daraio, Kristiaan H.J. Kerstens, Thyago Celso Cavalcante Nepomuceno, Robin Sickles. PRODUCTIVITY AND EFFICIENCY ANALYSIS SOFTWARE: AN EXPLORATORY BIBLIOGRAPHICAL SURVEY OF THE OPTIONS. Journal of Economic Surveys. 2018; 33 (1):85-100.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCinzia Daraio; Kristiaan H.J. Kerstens; Thyago Celso Cavalcante Nepomuceno; Robin Sickles. 2018. "PRODUCTIVITY AND EFFICIENCY ANALYSIS SOFTWARE: AN EXPLORATORY BIBLIOGRAPHICAL SURVEY OF THE OPTIONS." Journal of Economic Surveys 33, no. 1: 85-100.
The relationship between alcohol and the violent behavior, expressed as branches of hooliganism, is receiving considerable theoretical attention in social and psychological literature along the past decades while empirical researches on that matter are taken for granted. The falling in appreciate such empirical approach relies on the difficult it requires to compare of two different realities; one with alcohol intake and another without it, in order to evaluate whether it might drive sport spectators into a violent behavior, holding everything else constant. This work provides such robust statistical assessment taking into consideration a Brazilian state law 13748 of April 2009, which prohibited the sale of alcoholic beverages in Pernambuco's football stadiums. We consider the effectiveness of alcohol intervention on hooligan behavior by means of non-parametric test and a autoregressive moving average series, resorting to over ten years of data (before and during the criminalization) with regard aggression and unruly conduct committed by fans before in football matches within 3 miles from the stadium. Our results bring support to the decision of Pernambuco State Legislature to abolish in January 2016 the law in favor of the legalization of alcoholic beverages sales
Thyago Celso Cavalcante Nepomuceno; Jadielson Moura; Lúcio Câmara e Silva; Ana Paula Costa. Alcohol and violent behavior among football spectators: An empirical assessment of Brazilian's criminalization. International Journal of Law, Crime and Justice 2017, 51, 34 -44.
AMA StyleThyago Celso Cavalcante Nepomuceno, Jadielson Moura, Lúcio Câmara e Silva, Ana Paula Costa. Alcohol and violent behavior among football spectators: An empirical assessment of Brazilian's criminalization. International Journal of Law, Crime and Justice. 2017; 51 ():34-44.
Chicago/Turabian StyleThyago Celso Cavalcante Nepomuceno; Jadielson Moura; Lúcio Câmara e Silva; Ana Paula Costa. 2017. "Alcohol and violent behavior among football spectators: An empirical assessment of Brazilian's criminalization." International Journal of Law, Crime and Justice 51, no. : 34-44.