The phenomenon of abandonment of faith, which in psychology is referred to as deconversion, is observed today. Deconversion is particularly widespread in young people. In this paper we examine the parents’ religiosity, parents’ care, and social support as potential predictors of deconversion in adolescents. Specifically, we aimed to analyse whether or not parents’ religiousness, individual differences in childrens’ attachment to their parents, and received support from family, friends, and significant others differentiate adolescents in deconversion processes. The hypotheses were tested on a sample of 232 adolescents in a cross-sectional study, which applied three scales. The Adolescent Deconversion Scale, Parental Bonding Instrument, and Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support. The results showed that adolescents having both caring and religious parents are less prone to abandon faith and to moral criticism than those having caring but not religious parents or those having religious but not caring parents. The low social support group was more likely to abandon faith and moral criticism than moderate or high social support groups. Regression analyses revealed that deconversion in adolescence is negatively predicted by the mother’s care and friends’ support.

Dialogicality and its relation to personality traits have been extensively explored since the evolution of dialogical self theory. However, the latest edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) proposes a new hybrid personality disorder system and, thereby, a new model of pathological personality traits. As of now, there are no studies which show the relationships between self-talk, internal dialogicality, and pathological traits. Thus, the aim of this study was twofold: (a) to investigate the relationship between self-talk and pathological personality traits and (b) to explore the possible affinity between pathological structure of personality and dialogicality. A representative sample of 458 individuals from the non-clinical population, aged 18–67 (M = 30.99, SD = 10.27), including 52% women, completed three questionnaires: the Self-Talk Scale by Brinthaupt et al. (2009), the Internal Dialogical Activity Scale by Oleś (2009), and the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 by Krueger et al. (2012). To verify the correspondence between self-talk, internal dialogues, and pathological personality traits, the Pearson product–moment correlation coefficients (Pearson’s r) and canonical correlation analysis were used. The results supported the hypotheses about the specific relationship between internal dialogical activity and five crucial dysfunctional personality traits related to the hybrid DSM-5 system of diagnosis. People characterized as having emotional lability, anxiousness, and separation insecurity (high negative affectivity), with unusual beliefs and experiences, as well as eccentricity (high psychoticism), are prone to having ruminative and confronting dialogues. The correlation between pathological personality traits and self-talk were statistically significant, but the relationships are very small.

The article focuses on the analysis of subjective conditions for the integration of humans with humanoid robots. By interacting with each other, these units create hybrid systems that deserve to be called positive, as interactions with technological artifacts contribute to increasing the optimal functioning of users. An online survey-based study with 364 respondents was conducted that tested the relationship between anthropocentric beliefs of individuals, attitudes towards, and interactions with humanoid robots. It was found that this relationship is positive and is mediated by the aspects of fear of artificial intelligence (AI) related to the perception of AI-driven agents as scary and intimidating and by anxiety caused by the fear of their strong expansion (e.g., in the labor market). The significant strength of the relationship is an important clue for people designing hybrid systems (e.g., in the workplace), especially in conservative societies whose representatives are sensitive to the position humans in the hierarchy of entities.

Background: The study contributes to the understanding of the relation between neuroticism, early maladaptive schemas and negative emo-tionality. Various studies of schemas and neuroticism with the connection of negative emotionality do not give an answer to the question how these three variables co-exist with each other. The main purpose of the research was to determine whether neuroti-cism strengthens the effect of schemas in the prediction of intensity of anxiety and depression, or whether the roles of these variables are independent of each other.Participants and procedure: 493 healthy participants were included in the study, where 66% were female respondents and the age range was 16-61 years of age (M = 31.00, SD = 11.96). The Young Schema Questionnaire Short Form Version (YSQ-S3), the Revised Personality In-ventory (NEO PI-R) by Costa and McCrae and the Personality Inventory (SPI, TPI by Spielberger & Reheiser) were used.Results: The results show a strong relationship between Rejection and Disconnection schemas and negative emotionality, strongly medi-ated by neuroticism. The trigger for the trait of neuroticism is the intensification of depressive traits, understood as a set of emo-tional symptoms, i.e. a high level of anxiety, experiencing frequent anger towards oneself, and simultaneously a strong sense of guilt for negative thoughts resulting in a sense of hopelessness.Conclusions: Most of the problems leading to anxiety or depression symptoms originate in schemas of Rejection and Disconnection and neu-roticism is a strong mediator for negative emotionality.

BACKGROUND Besides its relationship with clinical depression, depressiveness may be conceptualized as a personality trait that includes dysthymia (negative emotional experiences) and euthymia (positive emotional experiences). Euthymia, when reverse scored, makes the construct of trait depression more sensitive to milder levels of depressiveness observed in non-clinical samples. We hypothesised that euthymia is a more important predictor of subjective well-being than dysthymia and this effect is retained when basic positive and negative affect are controlled. PARTICIPANTS AND PROCEDURE Participants were 213 adults (56% females) aged between 19 and 61 (M = 35.85, SD = 11.30). They completed self-report measures of: (a) euthymia and dysthymia as two facets of trait depression, (b) satisfaction with life, and (c) positive and negative affect. RESULTS The results showed that positive affect and euthymia contributed independently to explaining the variance of satisfaction with life, but the predictive role of euthymia was stronger. In contrast, dysthymia turned out not to predict satisfaction with life when controlled for basic affect and euthymia. CONCLUSIONS Theoretical implications of the results are discussed with their applications for counselling and clinical practice. We point to the need of monitoring the level of euthymia in the prevention programmes against depression, which is in line with the well-established role of positive interventions in psychotherapy and counselling.

The aim of the study was to investigate the role of temporal dialogues and self-compassion in coping with emotions connected to difficult past situations. In this study, we used the dialogical chair procedure, where we asked participants to narrate a difficult, past negative experience by moving from “here and now” to that time and place (Suffering-I/past-I), and to narrate the same past event from a current perspective (Distanced-I/current-I). Additionally, fifty seven participants completed three measures: The Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS); the Self-Compassion Scale (SCS); and the rating scales for functions of dialogue (criticism, support, instruction, and evaluation). The study showed that self-compassion predicts lower negative affect after an internal dialogue about difficult past events, but this effect is not mediated by functions of dialogue. On the other hand, dialogue functions are associated with higher levels of positive affect after dialogue, while self-compassion does not appear to be significant here.