Oil and gas wastewater refers to the waste stream produced in special production activities such as drilling and fracturing. This kind of wastewater has the following characteristics: high salinity, high chromaticity, toxic and harmful substances, poor biodegradability, and a difficulty to treat. Interestingly, nanomaterials show great potential in water treatment technology because of their small size, large surface area, and high surface energy. When nanotechnology is combined with membrane treatment materials, nanofiber membranes with a controllable pore size and high porosity can be prepared, which provides more possibilities for oil–water separation. In this review, the important applications of nanomaterials in wastewater treatment, including membrane separation technology and photocatalysis technology, are summarized. Membrane separation technology is mainly manifested in ultrafiltration (UF), nanofiltration (NF), and reverse osmosis (RO). It also focuses on the application of semiconductor photocatalysis technology induced by TiO₂ in the degradation of oil and gas wastewater. Finally, the development trends of nanomaterials in oil and gas wastewater treatment are prospected.

The constitutive model is still not available for theoretical and engineering analysis of HNi55-7-4-2 alloy, which is a new type of wear-resistant brass alloy widely applied to car synchronizer rings and ship condenser tubes etc. In the current investigation, a friction-corrected stress-strain curve was obtained through a hot-compression test to develop the high-temperature constitutive model of HNi55-7-4-2 alloy based on the Hansel–Spittel model. By comparing predicted flow stress and a simulated force-stroke curve with experimental results, the proposed constitutive model was verified. The developed constitutive model was applied to numerically simulate the hot precision forging of a synchronizer ring. The simulation results based on two process plans on material flow and forging defects were validated by process experiment. The Hansel–Spittel high-temperature constitutive model proposed in this work enables the theoretical and engineering analysis of HNi55-7-4-2 alloy.

The CeCu oxide catalyst CC450 was prepared by citric acid complex method and the catalytic wet peroxide oxidation (CWPO) reaction system was established with bisphenol A (BPA) as the target pollutant. By means of characterization, this research investigated the phase structure, surface morphology, reducibility, surface element composition, and valence of the catalyst before and after reuse. The effects of catalyst dosage and pH on the removal efficiency of BPA were also investigated. Five reuse experiments were carried out to investigate the reusability of the catalyst. In addition, this research delved into the changes of pH value, hydroxyl radical concentration, and ultraviolet-visible spectra of BPA in CWPO reaction system. The possible intermediate products were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The catalytic mechanism and degradation pathway were also discussed. The results showed that after reaction of 65 min, the removal of BPA and total organic carbon (TOC) could reach 87.6% and 77.9%, respectively. The catalyst showed strong pH adaptability and had high removal efficiency of BPA in the range of pH 1.6–7.9. After five reuses, the removal of BPA remained above 86.7%, with the structure of the catalyst remaining stable to a large extent. With the reaction proceeding, the pH value of the reaction solution increased, the concentration of OH radicals decreased, and the ultraviolet-visible spectrum of BPA shifted to the short wavelength direction, that is, the blue shift direction. The catalysts degraded BPA rapidly in CWPO reaction system and the C–C bond or O–H bond in BPA could be destroyed in a very short time. Also, there may have been two main degradation paths of phenol and ketone.

A series of Ni/KIT6 catalyst precursors with 25 wt.% Ni loading amount were reduced in H₂ at 400, 450, 500, and 550 °C, respectively. The studied catalysts were investigated by XRD, Quasi in-situ XPS, BET, TEM, and H₂-TPD/Ranalysis methods. It was found that reduction temperature is an important factor affecting the hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) performance of the studied catalysts because of the Strong Metal Support Interaction Effect (SMSI). The reduction temperature influences mainly the content of active components, crystal size, and the abilityfor adsorbing and activating H₂. The developed pore structure and large specific surface area of the KIT-6 support favored the Ni dispersion. The RT450 catalyst, which was prepared in H₂ atmosphere at 450 °C, has the best HDO performance. Ethyl acetate can be completely transformed and maintain 96.8% ethane selectivity and 3.2% methane selectivity at 300 °C. The calculated apparent activation energies of the prepared catalysts increased in the following order: RT550 > RT400 > RT500 > RT450.

Functionalization of endohedral metallofullerenes (EMFs) plays an important role in exploring the reactivity of EMFs and stabilizing missing EMFs, thus conferring tunable properties and turning EMFs into applicable materials. In this review, we present exhaustive progress on the functionalization of EMFs since 2019. Classic functionalization reactions include Prato reactions, Bingel–Hirsch reactions, radical addition reactions, carbene addition reactions, and so on are summarized. And new complicated multi-component reactions and other creative reactions are presented as well. We also discuss the structural features of derivatives of EMFs and the corresponding reaction mechanisms to understand the reactivity and regioselectivity of EMFs. In the end, we make conclusions and put forward an outlook on the prospect of the functionalization of EMFs.

The rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI) has brought about revolutionary changes to industrial wireless networks. Meanwhile, these AI models have also incurred a more complex security environment. This article will investigate the new situations that may arise in the industrial radio security under the support of AI technologies. First, typical radio threats and the uniqueness of industrial wireless networks are introduced. We then review existing industrial wireless physical-layer security schemes based on various AI models from the perspective of countering these radio threats. From the attackers' perspective, three typical case studies are introduced, in which AI technologies will aid in jamming, spoofing, and eavesdropping attacks. Finally, we discussed the openness issues and potential solutions in industrial radio security. This article is of significant in understanding the current status of AI-based industrial radio security, as well as the main problems and challenges. This investigation can promote the healthy development of smart factories and future industries.