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Feed contamination is a major concern to the pig farming industry. There is a growing concern towards the harmful effects that mycotoxins and especially ochratoxin A have on the overall health and development of pigs. However the deleterious effects on the gastro-intestinal microbiota has not been studied thoroughly, especially at a low dose exposure. The current study proposed to investigate the effect of a sub-chronic dose of OTA on some of the important bacterial populations colonizing the pig gut as well as assessing the impact on SCFA production. The changes induced in bacterial populations not only affect the immune system of the pig but also influence the development of the mycotoxicosis. This paper highlights the impact of 0.05mg/kg feed of OTA on the large intestine microbiota and on the SCFA production associated with it.
Iulian Alexandru Grosu; Ana Elena Cismileanu; Daniela Eliza Marin; Ionelia Taranu. The effects of a low dose OTA exposure on weanling piglet gut microbiota. Archiva Zootechnica 2021, 24, 31 -43.
AMA StyleIulian Alexandru Grosu, Ana Elena Cismileanu, Daniela Eliza Marin, Ionelia Taranu. The effects of a low dose OTA exposure on weanling piglet gut microbiota. Archiva Zootechnica. 2021; 24 (1):31-43.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIulian Alexandru Grosu; Ana Elena Cismileanu; Daniela Eliza Marin; Ionelia Taranu. 2021. "The effects of a low dose OTA exposure on weanling piglet gut microbiota." Archiva Zootechnica 24, no. 1: 31-43.
Microbiota affects host health and plays an important role in dysbiosis. The study examined the effect of diet including grape seed meal (GSM) with its mixture of bioactive compounds on the large intestine microbiota and short-chain fatty acid synthesis in weaned piglets treated with dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) as a model for inflammatory bowel diseases. Twenty-two piglets were included in four experimental groups based on their diet: control, DSS (1 g/kg/b.w.+control diet), GSM (8% grape seed meal inclusion in control diet), and DSS+GSM (1 g/kg/b.w., 8% grape seed meal in control diet). After 30 days, the colon content was isolated and used for microbiota sequencing on an Illumina MiSeq platform. QIIME 1.9.1 pipeline was used to process the raw sequences. Both GSM and DSS alone and in combination affected the diversity indices and Firmicutes:Bacteroidetes ratio, with significantly higher values in the DSS-afflicted piglets for Proteobacteria phylum, Roseburia, Megasphera and CF231 genus, and lower values for Lactobacillus. GSM with high-fiber, polyphenol and polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) content increased the production of butyrate and isobutyrate, stimulated the growth of beneficial genera like Prevotella and Megasphaera, while countering the relative abundance of Roseburia, reducing it to half of the DSS value and contributing to the management of the DSS effects.
Iulian A. Grosu; Gina C. Pistol; Daniela E. Marin; Ana Cişmileanu; Laurenţiu M. Palade; Ionelia Ţăranu. Effects of Dietary Grape Seed Meal Bioactive Compounds on the Colonic Microbiota of Weaned Piglets With Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Colitis Used as an Inflammatory Model. Frontiers in Veterinary Science 2020, 7, 31 .
AMA StyleIulian A. Grosu, Gina C. Pistol, Daniela E. Marin, Ana Cişmileanu, Laurenţiu M. Palade, Ionelia Ţăranu. Effects of Dietary Grape Seed Meal Bioactive Compounds on the Colonic Microbiota of Weaned Piglets With Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Colitis Used as an Inflammatory Model. Frontiers in Veterinary Science. 2020; 7 ():31.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIulian A. Grosu; Gina C. Pistol; Daniela E. Marin; Ana Cişmileanu; Laurenţiu M. Palade; Ionelia Ţăranu. 2020. "Effects of Dietary Grape Seed Meal Bioactive Compounds on the Colonic Microbiota of Weaned Piglets With Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Colitis Used as an Inflammatory Model." Frontiers in Veterinary Science 7, no. : 31.
This study shows the antioxidant effect of a dietary hemp seed diet rich in ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) on oxidative status in sows during late gestation and lactation and their offspring. Ten pregnant sows were divided into two groups and fed either a control diet (CD) or a hemp diet (HD) containing 2% hemp seed meal for a period of 10 days before farrowing and 5% throughout the lactation period (21 d). After farrowing, 16 of their resulting piglets were divided into two groups: control group CD (eight piglets derived from control sows) and HD group (eight piglets derived from HD sows), respectively. Blood collected from sows and piglets at day 1, 7 and 21 was used for the measurement of antioxidant enzymes (catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GPx)), nitric oxide production (NO), lipid peroxidation (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances—TBARS), reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in plasma. The results showed a significant improvement in the oxidative status of sows fed HD throughout lactation compared with CD. Similarly, in piglets, HD positively influenced the activities of antioxidant enzymes, TAC and NO levels and significantly decreased lipid peroxidation in plasma until weaning, in comparison with the CD group. This study suggests the potential of hemp seed diet to improve the overall antioxidant status of the lactating sows and their progeny.
Laurentiu Mihai Palade; Mihaela Habeanu; Daniela Marin; Veronica Sanda Chedea; Gina Cecilia Pistol; Iulian Alexandru Grosu; Anca Gheorghe; Mariana Ropota; Ionelia Taranu. Effect of Dietary Hemp Seed on Oxidative Status in Sows during Late Gestation and Lactation and Their Offspring. Animals 2019, 9, 194 .
AMA StyleLaurentiu Mihai Palade, Mihaela Habeanu, Daniela Marin, Veronica Sanda Chedea, Gina Cecilia Pistol, Iulian Alexandru Grosu, Anca Gheorghe, Mariana Ropota, Ionelia Taranu. Effect of Dietary Hemp Seed on Oxidative Status in Sows during Late Gestation and Lactation and Their Offspring. Animals. 2019; 9 (4):194.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLaurentiu Mihai Palade; Mihaela Habeanu; Daniela Marin; Veronica Sanda Chedea; Gina Cecilia Pistol; Iulian Alexandru Grosu; Anca Gheorghe; Mariana Ropota; Ionelia Taranu. 2019. "Effect of Dietary Hemp Seed on Oxidative Status in Sows during Late Gestation and Lactation and Their Offspring." Animals 9, no. 4: 194.
The study investigated the effect of grape seed (GS) meal, aflatoxin (AFB1), or their combination on the large intestine microbiota of weanling piglets. Twenty-four piglets were allocated into four groups based on diet composition: (1) Control group; (2) AFB1 (320 g/kg feed) group; (3) GS group (8% inclusion in the diet); (4) AFB1 + GS group. After 30 days of experiment, the colon content was used for microbiota analyses; after isolation of total bacterial genomic DNA, V3/V4 regions of the 16S rRNA amplicons were sequenced using the Illumina MiSeq platform. The raw sequences were analyzed using the v.1.9.1 QIIME pipeline software. 157 numbers of OTUs were identified among all four dietary groups with 26 of them being prevalent above 0.05% in the total relative abundance. GS and AFB1 increase the relative abundance of phylum Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria, while decreasing the Firmicutes abundance in a synergic manner as compared with the individual treatments. An additive or synergistic action of the two treatments was identified for Lactobacillus, Prevotella and Campylobacter, while rather an antagonistic effect was observed on Lachnospira. The action mechanisms of aflatoxin B1 and grape seed meal that drive the large intestine microbiota to these changes are not known and need further investigations.
Iulian A. Grosu; Gina C. Pistol; Ionelia Taranu; Daniela Marin. The Impact of Dietary Grape Seed Meal on Healthy and Aflatoxin B1 Afflicted Microbiota of Pigs after Weaning. Toxins 2019, 11, 25 .
AMA StyleIulian A. Grosu, Gina C. Pistol, Ionelia Taranu, Daniela Marin. The Impact of Dietary Grape Seed Meal on Healthy and Aflatoxin B1 Afflicted Microbiota of Pigs after Weaning. Toxins. 2019; 11 (1):25.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIulian A. Grosu; Gina C. Pistol; Ionelia Taranu; Daniela Marin. 2019. "The Impact of Dietary Grape Seed Meal on Healthy and Aflatoxin B1 Afflicted Microbiota of Pigs after Weaning." Toxins 11, no. 1: 25.