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Ionelia Ţăranu
Laboratory of Animal Biology, National Institute of Research and Development for Biology and Animal Nutrition, 077015 Balotesti, Romania

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Review
Published: 31 March 2021 in Toxins
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Zearalenone (ZEA) is an estrogenic fusariotoxin, being classified as a phytoestrogen, or as a mycoestrogen. ZEA and its metabolites are able to bind to estrogen receptors, 17β-estradiol specific receptors, leading to reproductive disorders which include low fertility, abnormal fetal development, reduced litter size and modification at the level of reproductive hormones especially in female pigs. ZEA has also significant effects on immune response with immunostimulatory or immunosuppressive results. This review presents the effects of ZEA and its derivatives on all levels of the immune response such as innate immunity with its principal component inflammatory response as well as the acquired immunity with two components, humoral and cellular immune response. The mechanisms involved by ZEA in triggering its effects are addressed. The review cited more than 150 publications and discuss the results obtained from in vitro and in vivo experiments exploring the immunotoxicity produced by ZEA on different type of immune cells (phagocytes related to innate immunity and lymphocytes related to acquired immunity) as well as on immune organs. The review indicates that despite the increasing number of studies analyzing the mechanisms used by ZEA to modulate the immune response the available data are unsubstantial and needs further works.

ACS Style

Cristina Bulgaru; Daniela Marin; Gina Pistol; Ionelia Taranu. Zearalenone and the Immune Response. Toxins 2021, 13, 248 .

AMA Style

Cristina Bulgaru, Daniela Marin, Gina Pistol, Ionelia Taranu. Zearalenone and the Immune Response. Toxins. 2021; 13 (4):248.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Cristina Bulgaru; Daniela Marin; Gina Pistol; Ionelia Taranu. 2021. "Zearalenone and the Immune Response." Toxins 13, no. 4: 248.

Journal article
Published: 04 March 2021 in Foods
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Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD) are chronic inflammations associated with progressive degradation of intestinal epithelium and impairment of the local innate immune response. Restoring of epithelial integrity and of the mucosal barrier function, together with modulation of inflammatory and innate immune markers, represent targets for alternative strategies in IBD. The aim of our study was to evaluate the effects of a diet including 8% grape seed meal (GSM), rich in bioactive compounds (polyphenols, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), fiber) on the markers of colonic epithelial integrity, mucosal barrier function, pro-inflammatory, and innate immunity in DSS-treated piglets used as animal models of intestinal inflammation. Our results have demonstrated the beneficial effects of bioactive compounds from dietary GSM, exerted at three complementary levels: (a) restoration of the epithelial integrity and mucosal barrier reinforcement by modulation of claudins, Occludin (OCCL) and Zonula-1 (ZO-1) tight junction genes and proteins, myosin IXB (MYO9B) and protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTPN) tight junction regulators and mucin-2 (MUC2) gene; (b) reduction of pro-inflammatory MMP-2 (matrix metalloproteinase-2) and MMP-9 (matrix metalloproteinase-9) genes and activities; and (c) suppression of the innate immune TLR-2 (Toll-like receptor-2) and TLR-4 (Toll-like receptor-4) genes and attenuation of the expression of MyD88 (Myeloid Differentiation Primary Response 88)/MD-2 (Myeloid differentiation factor-2) signaling molecules. These beneficial effects of GSM could further attenuate the transition of chronic colitis to carcinogenesis, by modulating the in-depth signaling mediators belonging to the Wnt pathway.

ACS Style

Gina Pistol; Cristina Bulgaru; Daniela Marin; Alexandra Oancea; Ionelia Taranu. Dietary Grape Seed Meal Bioactive Compounds Alleviate Epithelial Dysfunctions and Attenuates Inflammation in Colon of DSS-Treated Piglets. Foods 2021, 10, 530 .

AMA Style

Gina Pistol, Cristina Bulgaru, Daniela Marin, Alexandra Oancea, Ionelia Taranu. Dietary Grape Seed Meal Bioactive Compounds Alleviate Epithelial Dysfunctions and Attenuates Inflammation in Colon of DSS-Treated Piglets. Foods. 2021; 10 (3):530.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gina Pistol; Cristina Bulgaru; Daniela Marin; Alexandra Oancea; Ionelia Taranu. 2021. "Dietary Grape Seed Meal Bioactive Compounds Alleviate Epithelial Dysfunctions and Attenuates Inflammation in Colon of DSS-Treated Piglets." Foods 10, no. 3: 530.

Journal article
Published: 15 February 2021 in Toxins
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential of a byproduct mixture derived from grapeseed and sea buckthorn oil industry to mitigate the harmful damage produced by ochratoxin A and aflatoxin B1 at hepatic and renal level in piglets after weaning. Forty cross-bred TOPIGS-40 hybrid piglets after weaning were assigned to three experimental groups (E1, E2, E3) and one control group (C), and fed with experimental diets for 30 days. The basal diet was served as a control and contained normal compound feed for starter piglets without mycotoxins. The experimental groups were fed as follows: E1—basal diet plus a mixture (1:1) of two byproducts (grapeseed and sea buckthorn meal); E2—the basal diet experimentally contaminated with mycotoxins (479 ppb OTA and 62ppb AFB1); and E3—basal diet containing 5% of the mixture (1:1) of grapeseed and sea buckthorn meal and contaminated with the mix of OTA and AFB1. After 4 weeks, the animals were slaughtered, and tissue samples were taken from liver and kidney in order to perform gene expression and histological analysis. The gene expression analysis showed that when weaned piglets were fed with contaminated diet, the expression of most analyzed genes was downregulated. Among the CYP450 family, CYP1A2 was the gene with the highest downregulation. According to these results, in liver, we found that mycotoxins induced histomorphological alterations in liver and kidney and had an effect on the expression level of CYP1A2, CYP2A19, CYP2E1, and CYP3A29, but we did not detect important changes in the expression level of CY4A24, MRP2 and GSTA1 genes.

ACS Style

Roua Popescu; Cristina Bulgaru; Arabela Untea; Mihaela Vlassa; Miuta Filip; Anca Hermenean; Daniela Marin; Ionelia Țăranu; Sergiu Georgescu; Anca Dinischiotu. The Effectiveness of Dietary Byproduct Antioxidants on Induced CYP Genes Expression and Histological Alteration in Piglets Liver and Kidney Fed with Aflatoxin B1 and Ochratoxin A. Toxins 2021, 13, 148 .

AMA Style

Roua Popescu, Cristina Bulgaru, Arabela Untea, Mihaela Vlassa, Miuta Filip, Anca Hermenean, Daniela Marin, Ionelia Țăranu, Sergiu Georgescu, Anca Dinischiotu. The Effectiveness of Dietary Byproduct Antioxidants on Induced CYP Genes Expression and Histological Alteration in Piglets Liver and Kidney Fed with Aflatoxin B1 and Ochratoxin A. Toxins. 2021; 13 (2):148.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Roua Popescu; Cristina Bulgaru; Arabela Untea; Mihaela Vlassa; Miuta Filip; Anca Hermenean; Daniela Marin; Ionelia Țăranu; Sergiu Georgescu; Anca Dinischiotu. 2021. "The Effectiveness of Dietary Byproduct Antioxidants on Induced CYP Genes Expression and Histological Alteration in Piglets Liver and Kidney Fed with Aflatoxin B1 and Ochratoxin A." Toxins 13, no. 2: 148.

Journal article
Published: 22 December 2020 in Toxins
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In this study, eight food by-products were investigated as biosorbent approaches in removing mycotoxin load towards potential dietary inclusion in animal feed. Among these food-derived by-products, grape seed (GSM) and seabuckthorn (SBM) meals showed the most promising binding capacity for Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and Zearalenone (ZEA), measured as percent of adsorbed mycotoxin. Furthermore, we explored the mycotoxin sequestering potential by screening the effect of time, concentration, temperature and pH. Comparative binding efficacy was addressed by carrying out adsorption experiments in vitro. The highest mycotoxin adsorption was attained using 30 mg of by-product for both GSM (85.9% AFB1 and 83.7% ZEA) and SBM (68% AFB1 and 84.5% ZEA). Optimal settings for the experimental factors were predicted employing the response surface design. GSM was estimated to adsorb AFB1 optimally at a concentration of 29 mg/mL, pH 5.95 and 33.6 °C, and ZEA using 28 mg/mL at pH 5.76 and 31.7 °C. Favorable adsorption of AFB1 was estimated at 37.5 mg of SBM (pH 8.1; 35.6 °C), and of ZEA at 30.2 mg of SBM (pH 5.6; 29.3 °C). Overall, GSM revealed a higher binding capacity compared with SBM. In addition, the two by-products showed different specificity for the binary–mycotoxin system, with SBM having higher affinity towards ZEA than AFB1 (Kf = 0.418 and 1/n = 0.213 vs. Kf = 0.217 and 1/n = 0.341) and GSM for AFB1 in comparison with ZEA (Kf = 0.367 and 1/n = 0.248 vs. Kf = 0.343 and 1/n = 0.264). In conclusion, this study suggests that GSM and SBM represent viable alternatives to commercial biosorbent products.

ACS Style

Laurentiu Mihai Palade; Madalina Ioana Dore; Daniela Eliza Marin; Mircea Catalin Rotar; Ionelia Taranu. Assessment of Food By-Products’ Potential for Simultaneous Binding of Aflatoxin B1 and Zearalenone. Toxins 2020, 13, 2 .

AMA Style

Laurentiu Mihai Palade, Madalina Ioana Dore, Daniela Eliza Marin, Mircea Catalin Rotar, Ionelia Taranu. Assessment of Food By-Products’ Potential for Simultaneous Binding of Aflatoxin B1 and Zearalenone. Toxins. 2020; 13 (1):2.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Laurentiu Mihai Palade; Madalina Ioana Dore; Daniela Eliza Marin; Mircea Catalin Rotar; Ionelia Taranu. 2020. "Assessment of Food By-Products’ Potential for Simultaneous Binding of Aflatoxin B1 and Zearalenone." Toxins 13, no. 1: 2.

Journal article
Published: 15 December 2020 in Toxins
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Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a mycotoxin that frequently contaminates cereals and cereal byproducts. This study investigates the effect of AFB1 on the mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs) of piglets and evaluates if a diet containing grape seed meal (GSM) can counteract the negative effect of AFB1 on inflammation and oxidative stress. Twenty-four weaned piglets were fed the following diets: Control, AFB1 group (320 μg AFB1/kg feed), GSM group (8% GSM), and AFB1 + GSM group (8% GSM + 320 μg AFB1/kg feed) for 30 days. AFB1 has an important antioxidative effect by decreasing the activity of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and total antioxidant status. As a result of the exposure to AFB1, an increase of MAP kinases, metalloproteinases, and cytokines, as effectors of an inflammatory response, were observed in the MLNs of intoxicated piglets. GSM induced a reduction of AFB1-induced oxidative stress by increasing the activity of GPx and SOD and by decreasing lipid peroxidation. GSM decreased the inflammatory markers increased by AFB1. These results represent an important and promising way to valorize this waste, which is rich in bioactive compounds, for decreasing AFB1 toxic effects in mesenteric lymph nodes.

ACS Style

Daniela Eliza Marin; Cristina Valeria Bulgaru; Cristian Andrei Anghel; Gina Cecilia Pistol; Madalina Ioana Dore; Mihai Laurentiu Palade; Ionelia Taranu. Grape Seed Waste Counteracts Aflatoxin B1 Toxicity in Piglet Mesenteric Lymph Nodes. Toxins 2020, 12, 800 .

AMA Style

Daniela Eliza Marin, Cristina Valeria Bulgaru, Cristian Andrei Anghel, Gina Cecilia Pistol, Madalina Ioana Dore, Mihai Laurentiu Palade, Ionelia Taranu. Grape Seed Waste Counteracts Aflatoxin B1 Toxicity in Piglet Mesenteric Lymph Nodes. Toxins. 2020; 12 (12):800.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Daniela Eliza Marin; Cristina Valeria Bulgaru; Cristian Andrei Anghel; Gina Cecilia Pistol; Madalina Ioana Dore; Mihai Laurentiu Palade; Ionelia Taranu. 2020. "Grape Seed Waste Counteracts Aflatoxin B1 Toxicity in Piglet Mesenteric Lymph Nodes." Toxins 12, no. 12: 800.

Journal article
Published: 16 July 2020 in Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety
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Liver is the earliest target for AFB1 toxicity in both human and animals. In the last decade, plant derived by-products have been used in animal feed to reduce AFB1 induced toxicity. In the present study we investigated whether the presence of 8% grape seed meal by-product is able to counteract the hepatotoxic effects produced by AFB1 in liver of pig after weaning exposed to the toxin through the contaminated feed for 28 days. Twenty four weaned cross-bred TOPIGS-40 piglets with an average body weight of 9.13±0.03 were allocated to the following experimentally treatments: control diet without AFB1 (normal compound feed for weaned pigs); contaminated diet with 320 mg kg−1 AFB1; GSM diet (compound feed plus 8% grape seed meal) and AFB1+GSM diet (320 mg kg−1 AFB1 contaminated feed plus 8% grape seed meal). Pigs fed AFB1 diet had altered performance, body weight decreasing with 25.1% (b.w.: 17.17 kg for AFB1 vs 22.92 kg for control). Exposure of piglets to AFB1 contaminated diet caused liver oxidative stress as well as liver histological damage, manly characterized by inflammatory infiltrate, fibrosis and parenchyma cells vacuolation when compared to control and GSM meal group. 94.12% of the total analysed genes (34) related to inflammation and immune response was up-regulated. The addition of GSM into the AFB1 diet diminished the gene overexpression and ameliorate histological liver injuries and oxidative stress. The protective effect of GSM diet in diminishing the AFB1 harmful effect was mediated through the decreasing of gene and protein expression of MAPKs and NF-κB signalling overexpressed by AFB1 diet. The inclusion of grape seed by-products in the diet of pigs after weaning might be used as a novel nutritional intervention to reduce aflatoxin toxicity.

ACS Style

Ionelia Taranu; Anca Hermenean; Cristina Bulgaru; Gina Cecilia Pistol; Alina Ciceu; Iulian Alexandru Grosu; Daniela Eliza Marin. Diet containing grape seed meal by-product counteracts AFB1 toxicity in liver of pig after weaning. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 2020, 203, 110899 .

AMA Style

Ionelia Taranu, Anca Hermenean, Cristina Bulgaru, Gina Cecilia Pistol, Alina Ciceu, Iulian Alexandru Grosu, Daniela Eliza Marin. Diet containing grape seed meal by-product counteracts AFB1 toxicity in liver of pig after weaning. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety. 2020; 203 ():110899.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ionelia Taranu; Anca Hermenean; Cristina Bulgaru; Gina Cecilia Pistol; Alina Ciceu; Iulian Alexandru Grosu; Daniela Eliza Marin. 2020. "Diet containing grape seed meal by-product counteracts AFB1 toxicity in liver of pig after weaning." Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 203, no. : 110899.

Original research article
Published: 26 February 2020 in Frontiers in Veterinary Science
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Microbiota affects host health and plays an important role in dysbiosis. The study examined the effect of diet including grape seed meal (GSM) with its mixture of bioactive compounds on the large intestine microbiota and short-chain fatty acid synthesis in weaned piglets treated with dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) as a model for inflammatory bowel diseases. Twenty-two piglets were included in four experimental groups based on their diet: control, DSS (1 g/kg/b.w.+control diet), GSM (8% grape seed meal inclusion in control diet), and DSS+GSM (1 g/kg/b.w., 8% grape seed meal in control diet). After 30 days, the colon content was isolated and used for microbiota sequencing on an Illumina MiSeq platform. QIIME 1.9.1 pipeline was used to process the raw sequences. Both GSM and DSS alone and in combination affected the diversity indices and Firmicutes:Bacteroidetes ratio, with significantly higher values in the DSS-afflicted piglets for Proteobacteria phylum, Roseburia, Megasphera and CF231 genus, and lower values for Lactobacillus. GSM with high-fiber, polyphenol and polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) content increased the production of butyrate and isobutyrate, stimulated the growth of beneficial genera like Prevotella and Megasphaera, while countering the relative abundance of Roseburia, reducing it to half of the DSS value and contributing to the management of the DSS effects.

ACS Style

Iulian A. Grosu; Gina C. Pistol; Daniela E. Marin; Ana Cişmileanu; Laurenţiu M. Palade; Ionelia Ţăranu. Effects of Dietary Grape Seed Meal Bioactive Compounds on the Colonic Microbiota of Weaned Piglets With Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Colitis Used as an Inflammatory Model. Frontiers in Veterinary Science 2020, 7, 31 .

AMA Style

Iulian A. Grosu, Gina C. Pistol, Daniela E. Marin, Ana Cişmileanu, Laurenţiu M. Palade, Ionelia Ţăranu. Effects of Dietary Grape Seed Meal Bioactive Compounds on the Colonic Microbiota of Weaned Piglets With Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Colitis Used as an Inflammatory Model. Frontiers in Veterinary Science. 2020; 7 ():31.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Iulian A. Grosu; Gina C. Pistol; Daniela E. Marin; Ana Cişmileanu; Laurenţiu M. Palade; Ionelia Ţăranu. 2020. "Effects of Dietary Grape Seed Meal Bioactive Compounds on the Colonic Microbiota of Weaned Piglets With Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Colitis Used as an Inflammatory Model." Frontiers in Veterinary Science 7, no. : 31.

Journal article
Published: 07 February 2020 in Journal of Functional Foods
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The management of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases symptoms is focused to find new alternative strategies which could have beneficial effects on intestinal inflammation including the nutritional interventions. Using an in vivo approach together with gene and protein analysis, we investigated the effect of a diet with 8% grape seed meal on inflammatory markers and signaling pathway molecules. DSS-challenged pigs were used as IBD animal model. Our results showed that the DSS treatment induced a widespread inflammation at colon level by increasing a wide range of pro-inflammatory molecules via activation of pro-inflammatory p38/ERK/JNK MAPK signaling cascades followed by activation of NF-kB and other nuclear receptors. Diet with grape seed meal was efficient in counteracting inflammatory disorders by inhibiting MAPKs, attenuating NF-kB gene and protein expression and diminishing pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines production toward the control level. Grape seed meal could be used as alternative food supplements to reduce inflammation at intestinal level.

ACS Style

Gina Cecilia Pistol; Daniela Marin; Mircea Catalin Rotar; Mariana Ropota; Ionelia Taranu. Bioactive compounds from dietary whole grape seed meal improved colonic inflammation via inhibition of MAPKs and NF-kB signaling in pigs with DSS induced colitis. Journal of Functional Foods 2020, 66, 103708 .

AMA Style

Gina Cecilia Pistol, Daniela Marin, Mircea Catalin Rotar, Mariana Ropota, Ionelia Taranu. Bioactive compounds from dietary whole grape seed meal improved colonic inflammation via inhibition of MAPKs and NF-kB signaling in pigs with DSS induced colitis. Journal of Functional Foods. 2020; 66 ():103708.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gina Cecilia Pistol; Daniela Marin; Mircea Catalin Rotar; Mariana Ropota; Ionelia Taranu. 2020. "Bioactive compounds from dietary whole grape seed meal improved colonic inflammation via inhibition of MAPKs and NF-kB signaling in pigs with DSS induced colitis." Journal of Functional Foods 66, no. : 103708.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2020 in Journal of Animal Science
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Phytogenic actives (PA) are plant-derived natural bioactive compounds that may promote livestock health and well-being, as well as improve growth performance and production efficiency. The current study aims to evaluate their effects on sows and their offspring. Eighty-one hyperprolific sows (up to parity 7) were assigned to 3 experimental treatments. Control sows were offered a nonsupplemented diet during gestation and lactation, and treated sows were fed the control diet supplemented with 1 g/kg of a blend of PA (BPA) in lactation (L) or during gestation and lactation (GL). An evaluation was made of placental and milk maternal transfer of these BPA and colostrum–milk features, sows and piglets antioxidant status, reproductive performance (litter size), body weight (BW) changes, weaning-estrus interval, and litter performance. Finally, piglet´s jejunum gene expression was measured. The BPA supplementation during gestation (GL) increased the number of piglets born alive (P = 0.020) and reduced (P < 0.05) the newborn piglets BW, while there were no differences among treatments on the suckling (day 20) and weaned (day 7) piglets BW (P > 0.05). Dietary phytogenic volatile compounds reached GL placental fluid, and milk of L and GL sows (P < 0.05). Moreover, colostrum protein in GL and milk fat content in L and GL were increased (P < 0.05). Milk of GL showed inhibitory activity against Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus (P < 0.05). Antioxidant status of GL sows showed an enhanced (P < 0.05) of catalase (CAT) and total antioxidant capacity levels at early gestation (day 35), whereas higher levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) enzymes at late gestation (day 110). Likewise, GL newborn piglets showed higher CAT levels, whereas both CAT and SOD levels in suckling piglets, as well as CAT, SOD, and GSH-Px in weaned piglets, were increased in L and GL (P < 0.05). Jejunum messenger ribonucleic acid abundance of suckling piglets in L and GL groups showed overexpression of barrier function MUC2, digestive enzyme IDO, and immune response PPARGC-α, TNF-α, TGF-β1, and IL-10 genes (P < 0.05). In conclusion, dietary BPA supplementation in hyperprolific sows increased the litter size (born alive) and improved the composition and bioactivity of colostrum and milk, besides, modified the antioxidant status of sows and their offspring, as well as the suckling piglets gut health gene expression. Several BPA volatile compounds were prenatal and postnatal maternally transferred (placental fluid and milk).

ACS Style

David Reyes-Camacho; Ester Vinyeta; Jose Francisco Pérez; Tobias Aumiller; Lourdes Criado; Laurentiu Mihai Palade; Ionelia Taranu; Josep M Folch; M Angels Calvo; Jan Dirk Van Der Klis; David Solà-Oriol. Phytogenic actives supplemented in hyperprolific sows: effects on maternal transfer of phytogenic compounds, colostrum and milk features, performance and antioxidant status of sows and their offspring, and piglet intestinal gene expression. Journal of Animal Science 2020, 98, 1 .

AMA Style

David Reyes-Camacho, Ester Vinyeta, Jose Francisco Pérez, Tobias Aumiller, Lourdes Criado, Laurentiu Mihai Palade, Ionelia Taranu, Josep M Folch, M Angels Calvo, Jan Dirk Van Der Klis, David Solà-Oriol. Phytogenic actives supplemented in hyperprolific sows: effects on maternal transfer of phytogenic compounds, colostrum and milk features, performance and antioxidant status of sows and their offspring, and piglet intestinal gene expression. Journal of Animal Science. 2020; 98 (1):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

David Reyes-Camacho; Ester Vinyeta; Jose Francisco Pérez; Tobias Aumiller; Lourdes Criado; Laurentiu Mihai Palade; Ionelia Taranu; Josep M Folch; M Angels Calvo; Jan Dirk Van Der Klis; David Solà-Oriol. 2020. "Phytogenic actives supplemented in hyperprolific sows: effects on maternal transfer of phytogenic compounds, colostrum and milk features, performance and antioxidant status of sows and their offspring, and piglet intestinal gene expression." Journal of Animal Science 98, no. 1: 1.

Journal article
Published: 06 September 2019 in Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety
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OTA is a toxic metabolite produced by fungus belonging to Aspergillus and Penicillium genera. Kidney is the main target of this toxin; OTA is considered as one of the etiological factors at the origin of the human Balkan endemic nephropathy. microRNA are short non-coding transcrips (18–22 nucleotides in length) regulating key cellular processes. Various miRNAs have been established to play important roles in development of renal carcinoma and urothelial cancer. The objective of this study is to analyse the miRNA profiling in the kidney of piglets experimentally intoxicated with feed contaminated with OTA. Fifteen piglets (five pigs/group) were randomly distributed into 3 groups, fed normal diet (Group 1: control), or diets contaminated with OTA in two concentrations: 50 μg OTA/kg feed (Group 2: 50 μg OTA/kg feed) or 200 μg OTA/kg feed (Group 3: 200 μg OTA/kg feed) for 28 days. At the end of the experiment blood samples were taken for serological analyses. Animals from control group and 200 μg OTA/kg feed were sacrificed and kidney samples were taken for histological and molecular analyses. As resulted from molecular profiling study there are 8 miRNA differentially expressed in OTA kidney vs control kidney, in which five miRNA were overexpressed in the kidney of OTA intoxicated animals: miR-497 (FC = 6.34), miR-133a-3p (FC = 5.75), miR-423-3p (FC = 5.48), miR-34a (FC = 1.68), miR-542-3p (1.65) while three miRNA were downregulated: miR-421-3p (FC = −3.96); miR-490 (FC = −3.87); miR-9840-3p (FC = −2.13). The altered miRNAs as effect of OTA are strongly connected to the engine of cancer, disturbing nodal points in different pathways, as TP53 signalling. This proof-of-concept study proves the actual utility of miRNAs as biomarkers of mycotoxin exposure, including OTA.

ACS Style

Daniela Marin; Cornelia Braicu; Gabi Dumitrescu; Gina Pistol; Roxana Cojocneanu; Ioana Berindan Neagoe; Ionelia Taranu. MicroRNA profiling in kidney in pigs fed ochratoxin A contaminated diet. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 2019, 184, 109637 .

AMA Style

Daniela Marin, Cornelia Braicu, Gabi Dumitrescu, Gina Pistol, Roxana Cojocneanu, Ioana Berindan Neagoe, Ionelia Taranu. MicroRNA profiling in kidney in pigs fed ochratoxin A contaminated diet. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety. 2019; 184 ():109637.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Daniela Marin; Cornelia Braicu; Gabi Dumitrescu; Gina Pistol; Roxana Cojocneanu; Ioana Berindan Neagoe; Ionelia Taranu. 2019. "MicroRNA profiling in kidney in pigs fed ochratoxin A contaminated diet." Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 184, no. : 109637.

Journal article
Published: 25 April 2019 in Animals
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This study shows the antioxidant effect of a dietary hemp seed diet rich in ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) on oxidative status in sows during late gestation and lactation and their offspring. Ten pregnant sows were divided into two groups and fed either a control diet (CD) or a hemp diet (HD) containing 2% hemp seed meal for a period of 10 days before farrowing and 5% throughout the lactation period (21 d). After farrowing, 16 of their resulting piglets were divided into two groups: control group CD (eight piglets derived from control sows) and HD group (eight piglets derived from HD sows), respectively. Blood collected from sows and piglets at day 1, 7 and 21 was used for the measurement of antioxidant enzymes (catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GPx)), nitric oxide production (NO), lipid peroxidation (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances—TBARS), reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in plasma. The results showed a significant improvement in the oxidative status of sows fed HD throughout lactation compared with CD. Similarly, in piglets, HD positively influenced the activities of antioxidant enzymes, TAC and NO levels and significantly decreased lipid peroxidation in plasma until weaning, in comparison with the CD group. This study suggests the potential of hemp seed diet to improve the overall antioxidant status of the lactating sows and their progeny.

ACS Style

Laurentiu Mihai Palade; Mihaela Habeanu; Daniela Marin; Veronica Sanda Chedea; Gina Cecilia Pistol; Iulian Alexandru Grosu; Anca Gheorghe; Mariana Ropota; Ionelia Taranu. Effect of Dietary Hemp Seed on Oxidative Status in Sows during Late Gestation and Lactation and Their Offspring. Animals 2019, 9, 194 .

AMA Style

Laurentiu Mihai Palade, Mihaela Habeanu, Daniela Marin, Veronica Sanda Chedea, Gina Cecilia Pistol, Iulian Alexandru Grosu, Anca Gheorghe, Mariana Ropota, Ionelia Taranu. Effect of Dietary Hemp Seed on Oxidative Status in Sows during Late Gestation and Lactation and Their Offspring. Animals. 2019; 9 (4):194.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Laurentiu Mihai Palade; Mihaela Habeanu; Daniela Marin; Veronica Sanda Chedea; Gina Cecilia Pistol; Iulian Alexandru Grosu; Anca Gheorghe; Mariana Ropota; Ionelia Taranu. 2019. "Effect of Dietary Hemp Seed on Oxidative Status in Sows during Late Gestation and Lactation and Their Offspring." Animals 9, no. 4: 194.

Journal article
Published: 05 April 2019 in Animals
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The aim of this work was to evaluate the influence of a diet containing 5% dried GP on the antioxidant status (total antioxidant status (TAS), antioxidant enzyme activity (catalase-CAT, superoxide dismutase-SOD, and gluthatione peroxidase-GPx), and lipid peroxidation) on the key organs of the liver, kidneys, and spleen in relation to health status as indicated by blood biochemical parameters and total polyphenol content in the blood, organs (liver, spleen, kidney, mesenteric lymph nodes, heart, and brain) and Longissimus dorsi muscle in piglets. The GP diet results in a significant increase of TAS in the liver, spleen, and kidneys, with increased CAT activity in the spleen and kidneys, increased SOD activity in the liver, kidneys, and spleen, and increased GPx activity in the kidneys, as well as a decrease in lipid peroxidation in the liver and kidneys. The GP included in the piglets’ feed contained polyphenols that showed antioxidant activity and were absorbed in the plasma, contributing to maintaining the good health of the animals. The inclusion of 5% GP inclusion in the diets of piglets is beneficial for overall normal blood constituent metabolism and helps to maintain piglet health by increasing the polyphenol content in blood plasma and antioxidant activity in the liver, spleen, and kidneys.

ACS Style

Veronica Sanda Chedea; Laurentiu Mihai Palade; Rodica Stefania Pelmus; Catalin Dragomir; Ionelia Taranu. Red Grape Pomace Rich in Polyphenols Diet Increases the Antioxidant Status in Key Organs—Kidneys, Liver, and Spleen of Piglets. Animals 2019, 9, 149 .

AMA Style

Veronica Sanda Chedea, Laurentiu Mihai Palade, Rodica Stefania Pelmus, Catalin Dragomir, Ionelia Taranu. Red Grape Pomace Rich in Polyphenols Diet Increases the Antioxidant Status in Key Organs—Kidneys, Liver, and Spleen of Piglets. Animals. 2019; 9 (4):149.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Veronica Sanda Chedea; Laurentiu Mihai Palade; Rodica Stefania Pelmus; Catalin Dragomir; Ionelia Taranu. 2019. "Red Grape Pomace Rich in Polyphenols Diet Increases the Antioxidant Status in Key Organs—Kidneys, Liver, and Spleen of Piglets." Animals 9, no. 4: 149.

Original article
Published: 27 March 2019 in Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology
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Zearalenone (ZEA), a mycotoxin produced by several Fusarium spp., is most commonly found as a contaminant in stored grain. ZEA derivatives (α-zearalenol (α-ZOL), β-zearalenol (β-ZOL)) can also be produced by Fusarium spp. in corn stems infected by fungi in the field. Also, following oral exposure, zearalenone is metabolized in various tissues, particularly in the liver, the major metabolites being α-ZOL and β-ZOL. The co-exposure of cells to mixture of a combination of mycotoxins may cause an increase of toxicity produced by these mycotoxins. In this in vitro study, we investigated the combined effects of ZEA, α-ZOL, β-ZOL in binary mixtures on the viability and inflammatory response of human liver cancer cell line (HepG2). Cell viability was assessed after 72 h using a neutral red assay. Effect of the toxins and their binary combinations on the expression of genes involved in inflammation (IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-8) were assessed through qPCR. Our viability data showed that irrespective of the toxin combinations, the toxins have synergistic effect. ZEA + α-ZOL and ZEA + β-ZOL mixtures have induced a slight to high antagonistic response on inflammatory cytokines at low concentrations that have turned into strong synergism for high concentrations. α-ZOL + β-ZOL showed antagonistic effects on inflammation for IL-1β and TNF-α, but act synergic for IL-8 at high toxin concentrations. This study clearly shows that co-contamination of food and feed with ZEA metabolites should be taken into consideration, as the co-exposure to mycotoxins might result in stronger adverse effect than resulted from the exposure to individual toxin.

ACS Style

Daniela Marin; Gina Pistol; C. V. Bulgaru; Ionelia Taranu. Cytotoxic and inflammatory effects of individual and combined exposure of HepG2 cells to zearalenone and its metabolites. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology 2019, 392, 937 -947.

AMA Style

Daniela Marin, Gina Pistol, C. V. Bulgaru, Ionelia Taranu. Cytotoxic and inflammatory effects of individual and combined exposure of HepG2 cells to zearalenone and its metabolites. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology. 2019; 392 (8):937-947.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Daniela Marin; Gina Pistol; C. V. Bulgaru; Ionelia Taranu. 2019. "Cytotoxic and inflammatory effects of individual and combined exposure of HepG2 cells to zearalenone and its metabolites." Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology 392, no. 8: 937-947.

Journal article
Published: 05 March 2019 in Toxicon
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The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of a grape seed byproduct to mitigate the harmful damage produced by aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) at systemic level in plasma and liver as well as at local level in the gastrointestinal tract in weaned piglets. Twenty four crossbred pigs (TOPIG) were randomly assigned to one of four experimental diets: 1)- control diet (normal compound feed for starter piglets without mycotoxin), 2)- AFB1 diet (compound feed contaminated with 320 ppb pure AFB1), 3)- GS diet (compound feed including 8% of grape seed meal-GS), 4)- AFB1+GS diet (compound feed containing 8% of grape seed meal contaminated with 320 ppb AFB1) for 30 days. The results showed that pigs fed AFB1 diet had altered performance (−25.1%), increased the thiobarbiturinc concentration wile reduced total antioxidant capacity and activity of antioxidant enzymes (CAT, SOD and GPx) in plasma and organs. AFB1 produced a dual effect on inflammatory response by increasing the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines in liver and colon and decreasing the cytokines in duodenum. The inclusion of grape seed in the diet of AFB1 intoxicated pigs enhanced the antioxidant enzymes activity decreased the pro-inflammatory cytokines and TBARS level and ameliorated the growth performance of AFB1-treated animals. These findings suggest that grape waste is a promising source in counteracting the harmful effect of aflatoxin B1.

ACS Style

Ionelia Taranu; Daniela Marin; Mihai Palade; Gina Pistol; Veronica Chedea; Mihail Alexandru Gras; Catalin Rotar. Assessment of the efficacy of a grape seed waste in counteracting the changes induced by aflatoxin B1 contaminated diet on performance, plasma, liver and intestinal tissues of pigs after weaning. Toxicon 2019, 162, 24 -31.

AMA Style

Ionelia Taranu, Daniela Marin, Mihai Palade, Gina Pistol, Veronica Chedea, Mihail Alexandru Gras, Catalin Rotar. Assessment of the efficacy of a grape seed waste in counteracting the changes induced by aflatoxin B1 contaminated diet on performance, plasma, liver and intestinal tissues of pigs after weaning. Toxicon. 2019; 162 ():24-31.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ionelia Taranu; Daniela Marin; Mihai Palade; Gina Pistol; Veronica Chedea; Mihail Alexandru Gras; Catalin Rotar. 2019. "Assessment of the efficacy of a grape seed waste in counteracting the changes induced by aflatoxin B1 contaminated diet on performance, plasma, liver and intestinal tissues of pigs after weaning." Toxicon 162, no. : 24-31.

Journal article
Published: 08 January 2019 in Toxins
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The study investigated the effect of grape seed (GS) meal, aflatoxin (AFB1), or their combination on the large intestine microbiota of weanling piglets. Twenty-four piglets were allocated into four groups based on diet composition: (1) Control group; (2) AFB1 (320 g/kg feed) group; (3) GS group (8% inclusion in the diet); (4) AFB1 + GS group. After 30 days of experiment, the colon content was used for microbiota analyses; after isolation of total bacterial genomic DNA, V3/V4 regions of the 16S rRNA amplicons were sequenced using the Illumina MiSeq platform. The raw sequences were analyzed using the v.1.9.1 QIIME pipeline software. 157 numbers of OTUs were identified among all four dietary groups with 26 of them being prevalent above 0.05% in the total relative abundance. GS and AFB1 increase the relative abundance of phylum Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria, while decreasing the Firmicutes abundance in a synergic manner as compared with the individual treatments. An additive or synergistic action of the two treatments was identified for Lactobacillus, Prevotella and Campylobacter, while rather an antagonistic effect was observed on Lachnospira. The action mechanisms of aflatoxin B1 and grape seed meal that drive the large intestine microbiota to these changes are not known and need further investigations.

ACS Style

Iulian A. Grosu; Gina C. Pistol; Ionelia Taranu; Daniela Marin. The Impact of Dietary Grape Seed Meal on Healthy and Aflatoxin B1 Afflicted Microbiota of Pigs after Weaning. Toxins 2019, 11, 25 .

AMA Style

Iulian A. Grosu, Gina C. Pistol, Ionelia Taranu, Daniela Marin. The Impact of Dietary Grape Seed Meal on Healthy and Aflatoxin B1 Afflicted Microbiota of Pigs after Weaning. Toxins. 2019; 11 (1):25.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Iulian A. Grosu; Gina C. Pistol; Ionelia Taranu; Daniela Marin. 2019. "The Impact of Dietary Grape Seed Meal on Healthy and Aflatoxin B1 Afflicted Microbiota of Pigs after Weaning." Toxins 11, no. 1: 25.

Journal article
Published: 19 December 2018 in British Journal of Nutrition
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Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are a major problem for public health, with an increased incidence and impact on life quality. The effect of pre- and probiotic combination has been less studied in IBD. Using genomic and proteomic array technologies, this study examined the efficacy of a new combination of natural alternatives: prebiotics (grape pomace extract, GP) and probiotics (lactobacilli mixture, Lb mix) on inflammation and intracellular signalling routes in a cellular model of inflammation. Caco-2 cells challenged with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for 4 h were treated with GP extract (50 μg/ml gallic acid equivalent) and Lb combination (3 × 108 colony-forming units/ml total Lb) for 24 h. The profile expressions of forty key inflammatory markers and twenty-six signalling kinases were analysed. Other markers involved in inflammation were also investigated (NF-κB/RELA, Nrf2, aryl hydrocarbon receptor, Cyp1A1, Cyp1B1); 57·5 and 60 % of investigated genes and proteins, respectively, were down-regulated by the synbiotic combination. Relevant cytokines and chemokines involved in response to microbial infection and inflammation were reduced under the level induced by LPS treatment and toward the unchallenged control. As expected, the reduction effect seems to imply mitogen-activated protein kinase and NF-κB pathway. Most of the signalling molecules activated by LPS were decreased by GP extract and Lb mix. Our study indicates that the synbiotic combination of GP extract and Lactobacillus sp. mixture exerted anti-inflammatory properties, which are able to decrease the majority of inflammatory genes, their proteins and associated signalling markers. Due to protective role of GP compounds on lactobacilli probiotic, this synbiotic combination might serve as a promising adjunctive therapy in intestinal inflammations.

ACS Style

Gina Pistol; Daniela Marin; Catalin Dragomir; Ionelia Taranu. Synbiotic combination of prebiotic grape pomace extract and probiotic Lactobacillus sp. reduced important intestinal inflammatory markers and in-depth signalling mediators in lipopolysaccharide-treated Caco-2 cells. British Journal of Nutrition 2018, 121, 291 -305.

AMA Style

Gina Pistol, Daniela Marin, Catalin Dragomir, Ionelia Taranu. Synbiotic combination of prebiotic grape pomace extract and probiotic Lactobacillus sp. reduced important intestinal inflammatory markers and in-depth signalling mediators in lipopolysaccharide-treated Caco-2 cells. British Journal of Nutrition. 2018; 121 (3):291-305.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gina Pistol; Daniela Marin; Catalin Dragomir; Ionelia Taranu. 2018. "Synbiotic combination of prebiotic grape pomace extract and probiotic Lactobacillus sp. reduced important intestinal inflammatory markers and in-depth signalling mediators in lipopolysaccharide-treated Caco-2 cells." British Journal of Nutrition 121, no. 3: 291-305.

Comparative study
Published: 22 July 2018 in Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology
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Ochratoxin A (OTA) and aristolochic acid (AA) are toxins that can frequently contaminate cereals and cereals-based products. The present study has realized a comparison between the effect of OTA and AA on oxidative stress and inflammation in both the liver and kidney of pigs as major organs involved in the metabolism of xenobiotics. Fifteen pigs (five pigs/group) were randomly distributed in three groups (control, OTA, and AA) and were fed diets contaminated or not with 250 μg toxin/kg for 28 days. Consumption of a diet contaminated with OTA and AA increase the concentration of serum creatinine as compared with the control group. The exposure of piglets to AA decrease the activity of enzymes involved in the oxidative stress response: catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxydase (GPx) in the liver and kidney while OTA decrease only GPx activity and only in the kidney. The consumption of the diets contaminated with AA increase in the liver the synthesis of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) alpha, interferon (IFN) gamma, Interleukin (IL)-1 beta, IL-6, and IL-8 synthesis, while IL-4 was increase by OTA and decreased by AA. In the kidney, AA increase the TNF alpha and IFN gamma synthesis as compared with the control. In conclusion, our results have shown that beside the alteration of serum markers, much known indicators for nephropathy, OTA and AA can induce inflammation and oxidative stress. In conclusion, the inflammatory effects were more pronounced for AA and at the liver level, while oxidative stress was induced both in the liver and kidney.

ACS Style

Daniela Marin; Gina Pistol; M. Gras; M. Palade; Ionelia Taranu. A comparison between the effects of ochratoxin A and aristolochic acid on the inflammation and oxidative stress in the liver and kidney of weanling piglets. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology 2018, 391, 1147 -1156.

AMA Style

Daniela Marin, Gina Pistol, M. Gras, M. Palade, Ionelia Taranu. A comparison between the effects of ochratoxin A and aristolochic acid on the inflammation and oxidative stress in the liver and kidney of weanling piglets. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology. 2018; 391 (10):1147-1156.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Daniela Marin; Gina Pistol; M. Gras; M. Palade; Ionelia Taranu. 2018. "A comparison between the effects of ochratoxin A and aristolochic acid on the inflammation and oxidative stress in the liver and kidney of weanling piglets." Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology 391, no. 10: 1147-1156.

Journal article
Published: 30 June 2018 in International Journal of Molecular Sciences
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Background: Food and feed supplements containing microorganisms with probiotic potential are of increasing interest due to their healthy promoting effect on human and animals. Their mechanism of action is still unknown. Using a microarray approach, the aim of this study was to investigate the differences in genome-wide gene expression induced by a mixture of three Lactobacillus strains (L. rhamnosus, L. plantarum, and L. paracasei) in intestinal porcine epithelial cells (IPEC-1) and to identify the genes and pathways involved in intestinal barrier functions. Methods: Undifferentiated IPEC-1 cells seeded at a density of 2.0 × 105/mL in 24-wells culture plates were cultivated at 37 °C and 5% CO2 until they reached confluence (2–3 days). Confluent cells monolayer were then cultivated with 1 mL of fresh lactobacilli (LB) mixture suspension prepared for a concentration of approximately 3.3 × 107 CFU/mL for each strain (1 × 108 CFU/mL in total) for 3 h and analyzed by microarray using Gene Spring GX v.11.5. Results: The functional analysis showed that 1811 of the genes modulated by LB treatment are involved in signaling (95% up-regulation, 121 genes with a fold change higher than 10). The most enhanced expression was registered for AXIN2 (axis inhibition protein 2-AXIN2) gene (13.93 Fc, p = 0.043), a negative regulator of β-catenin with a key role in human cancer. LB affected the cellular proliferation by increasing 10 times (Fc) the NF1 gene encoding for the neurofibromin protein, a tumor suppressor that prevent cells from uncontrolled proliferation. The induction of genes like serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A member 3 (SERPINA 3), interleukin-20 (IL-20), oncostatin M (OSM), granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and the suppression of chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 2/macrophage inflammatory protein 2-alpha (CXCL-2/MIP-2), regulator of G-protein signaling 2 (RGS2), and of pro-inflammatory interleukin-18 (IL-18) genes highlights the protective role of lactobacilli in epithelial barrier function against inflammation and in the activation of immune response. Conclusion: Gene overexpression was the predominant effect produced by lactobacilli treatment in IPEC-1 cells, genes related to signaling pathways being the most affected. The protective role of lactobacilli in epithelial barrier function against inflammation and in the activation of immune response was also noticed.

ACS Style

Ionelia Taranu; Daniela Marin; Cornelia Braicu; Gina Cecilia Pistol; Ionut Sorescu; Lavinia Lorena Pruteanu; Ioana Berindan Neagoe; Dan Cristian Vodnar. In Vitro Transcriptome Response to a Mixture of Lactobacilli Strains in Intestinal Porcine Epithelial Cell Line. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2018, 19, 1923 .

AMA Style

Ionelia Taranu, Daniela Marin, Cornelia Braicu, Gina Cecilia Pistol, Ionut Sorescu, Lavinia Lorena Pruteanu, Ioana Berindan Neagoe, Dan Cristian Vodnar. In Vitro Transcriptome Response to a Mixture of Lactobacilli Strains in Intestinal Porcine Epithelial Cell Line. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2018; 19 (7):1923.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ionelia Taranu; Daniela Marin; Cornelia Braicu; Gina Cecilia Pistol; Ionut Sorescu; Lavinia Lorena Pruteanu; Ioana Berindan Neagoe; Dan Cristian Vodnar. 2018. "In Vitro Transcriptome Response to a Mixture of Lactobacilli Strains in Intestinal Porcine Epithelial Cell Line." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 19, no. 7: 1923.

Original paper
Published: 22 May 2018 in Waste and Biomass Valorization
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This work investigated the nutritional values of rice and cassava distillers dried grains (DDG) collected in Vietnam and effects of their supplementation on several blood chemical parameters and immune responses of growing pigs. These two DDGs were determined for approximate moisture, protein, lipid, ash, starch, calcium phosphorous, and amino acids. For the effects of dietary DDGs supplementation on chemical parameters of growing pigs, 30 crossbred TOPIG pigs were randomly assigned to one of the three experimental dietary treatments (control, 7% rice DDG or 4% cassava DDG). Cassava DDG was very rich in crude fiber (32.8%) and low in protein (12.0%) while rice DDG was highly rich in protein (70.4%) and low in fiber (2.9%). At the end of the feeding trial pig performance (average daily gain, feed intake and feed/gain ratio) were under the normal limits and no effect of dietary DDG was found. By contrast, a statistically significant decreasing effect of cassava DDG diets on glucose (− 12.55%) and iron (− 23.81%) concentration and a tendency to decrease triglycerides (− 21.87%) were found. The production of IgM and IgG also increased significantly by 26.5 and 18.7% in plasma of pigs fed with rice DDG diet. DDGs diets did not influence in a significant manner the gene expression of pro- or anti-inflammatory cytokines.

ACS Style

Ionelia Taranu; Tien-Thanh Nguyen; Kim-Dang Pham; Mihail A. Gras; Gina C. Pistol; Daniela Marin; Catalin Rotar; Mihaela Habeanu; Phu-Ha Ho; Thanh-Mai Le; Thi Thu-Hang Bui; Dinh-Vuong Mai; Son Chu-Ky. Rice and Cassava Distillers Dried Grains in Vietnam: Nutritional Values and Effects of Their Dietary Inclusion on Blood Chemical Parameters and Immune Responses of Growing Pigs. Waste and Biomass Valorization 2018, 10, 3373 -3382.

AMA Style

Ionelia Taranu, Tien-Thanh Nguyen, Kim-Dang Pham, Mihail A. Gras, Gina C. Pistol, Daniela Marin, Catalin Rotar, Mihaela Habeanu, Phu-Ha Ho, Thanh-Mai Le, Thi Thu-Hang Bui, Dinh-Vuong Mai, Son Chu-Ky. Rice and Cassava Distillers Dried Grains in Vietnam: Nutritional Values and Effects of Their Dietary Inclusion on Blood Chemical Parameters and Immune Responses of Growing Pigs. Waste and Biomass Valorization. 2018; 10 (11):3373-3382.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ionelia Taranu; Tien-Thanh Nguyen; Kim-Dang Pham; Mihail A. Gras; Gina C. Pistol; Daniela Marin; Catalin Rotar; Mihaela Habeanu; Phu-Ha Ho; Thanh-Mai Le; Thi Thu-Hang Bui; Dinh-Vuong Mai; Son Chu-Ky. 2018. "Rice and Cassava Distillers Dried Grains in Vietnam: Nutritional Values and Effects of Their Dietary Inclusion on Blood Chemical Parameters and Immune Responses of Growing Pigs." Waste and Biomass Valorization 10, no. 11: 3373-3382.

Journal article
Published: 09 May 2018 in Nutrients
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The absorption and antioxidant activity of polyphenols from grape pomace (GP) are important aspects of its valorization as a feed additive in the diet of weaned piglets. This study aimed to evaluate the presence of polyphenols from GP both in vitro in IPEC cells and in vivo in the duodenum and colon of piglets fed with diets containing or not 5% GP and also to compare and correlate the aspects of their in vitro and in vivo absorption. Total polyphenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant status (TAS, CAT, SOD and GPx enzyme activity, and lipid peroxidation-TBARS level) were assessed in duodenum and colon of piglets fed or not a diet with 5% GP. The results of UV-Vis spectroscopy demonstrated that in cellular and extracellular medium the GP polyphenols were oxidized (between λmax = 276 nm and λmax = 627.0 nm) with the formation of o-quinones and dimers. LC-MS analysis indicated a procyanidin trimer possibly C2, and a procyanidin dimer as the major polyphenols identified in GP, 12.8% of the procyanidin trimer and 23% of the procyanidin dimer respectively being also found in the compound feed. Procyanidin trimer C2 is the compound accumulated in duodenum, 73% of it being found in the colon of control piglets, and 62.5% in the colon of GP piglets. Correlations exist between the in vitro and in vivo investigations regarding the qualitative evaluation of GP polyphenols in the cells (λmax at 287.1 nm) and in the gut (λmax at 287.5 nm), as oxidated metabolic products. Beside the presence of polyphenols metabolites this study shows also the presence of the unmetabolized procyanidin trimers in duodenum and colon tissue, an important point in evaluating the benefic actions of these molecules at intestinal level. Moreover the in vivo study shows that a 5% GP in piglet’s diet increased the total antioxidant status (TAS) and decreased lipid peroxidantion (TBARS) in both duodenum and colon, and increased SOD activity in duodenum and CAT and GPx activity in colon. These parameters are modulated by the different polyphenols absorbed, mainly by the procyanidin trimers and catechin on one side and the polyphenols metabolites on the other side.

ACS Style

Veronica Sanda Chedea; Laurentiu Mihai Palade; Daniela Eliza Marin; Rodica Stefania Pelmus; Mihaela Habeanu; Mircea Catalin Rotar; Mihail Alexandru Gras; Gina Cecilia Pistol; Ionelia Taranu. Intestinal Absorption and Antioxidant Activity of Grape Pomace Polyphenols. Nutrients 2018, 10, 588 .

AMA Style

Veronica Sanda Chedea, Laurentiu Mihai Palade, Daniela Eliza Marin, Rodica Stefania Pelmus, Mihaela Habeanu, Mircea Catalin Rotar, Mihail Alexandru Gras, Gina Cecilia Pistol, Ionelia Taranu. Intestinal Absorption and Antioxidant Activity of Grape Pomace Polyphenols. Nutrients. 2018; 10 (5):588.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Veronica Sanda Chedea; Laurentiu Mihai Palade; Daniela Eliza Marin; Rodica Stefania Pelmus; Mihaela Habeanu; Mircea Catalin Rotar; Mihail Alexandru Gras; Gina Cecilia Pistol; Ionelia Taranu. 2018. "Intestinal Absorption and Antioxidant Activity of Grape Pomace Polyphenols." Nutrients 10, no. 5: 588.