In this study, a series of Li₂O-Al₂O₃-B₂O₃ glasses doped with various concentrations of Dy₂O₃ (where x = 0.0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, and 1.0 mol%) were prepared by using a conventional melt-quenching technique. The structural, physical and optical properties of the glasses were examined by utilising a variety of techniques instance, X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV–Vis-NIR spectrometer, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and photoluminescence (PL). The XRD spectra demonstrate the amorphous phase of all glasses. Furthermore, the UV-vis-NIR spectrometers have registered optical absorption spectra a numbers of peaks which exist at 1703, 1271, 1095, 902, 841, 802, 669, 458, 393 and 352 nm congruous to the transitions from the ground of state (⁶H_15/2) to different excited states, ⁶H_11/2, ⁶F_11/2 + ⁶H_9/2, ⁶F_9/2 + ⁶H_7/2, ⁶F_7/2, ⁶F_5/2, ⁶F_3/2, ⁴F_9/2, ⁴I_15/2, ⁴F_7/2 and ⁶P_7/2, respectively. The spectra of emission exhibit two strong emanation bands at 481 nm and 575 nm in the visible region, which correspond to the transitions ⁴F_9/2 → ⁶H_15/2 and ⁴F_9/2 → ⁶H_13/2. All prepared glass samples doped with Dy₂O₃ show an increase in the emission intensity with an increase in the concentration of Dy³⁺. Based on the obtained results, the aforementioned glass samples may have possible applications, such as optical sensor and laser applications.