In a tourism industry historically dominated by outside influences, the island of Bali has striven for greater local resident involvement. Community-based tourism (CBT) has thereby become an increasingly preferred tourism development approach rooted in promises of more inclusive opportunities for community empowerment, a notion reflected in the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Drawing upon SDG17 – Partnerships for the Goals – and specifically focusing on SDG17.9 – Capacity building, SDG17.14 – Enhancing policy coherence for sustainable development, and SDG17.16 and SDG17.17 – Multi-stakeholder partnerships, this paper investigates the “social empowerment” that results from interactions between CBT actors, and the factors that support or hinder residents’ empowerment through CBT in rural Bali. This paper presents empirical evidence from an ethnographic study in three villages at different stages of tourism development. Through a generative conceptualisation of power, embedded in the rather hierarchical Balinese socio-cultural context, this paper contributes new understandings of empowerment in CBT, particularly the extent to which partnerships and collaborations create spaces for residents’ empowerment and greater inclusion for sustainable CBT development, in line with Agenda 2030.

The DACH geographic region comprises three countries in central Europe: Germany, Austria, and Switzerland. This study seeks to both understand the motivations for purchasing organic and sustainably certified wines in this region and identifies which type of consumer should be targeted for the continued growth of this wine sector. Our methodology includes an online questionnaire resulting in a sample size of 4553 respondents, evenly broken down by country. Our analysis includes simple statistics and more advanced statistical analysis of the dataset. Our results indicate that there is a correlation between wine knowledge, environmental awareness, and the likelihood of buying eco-certified wines. We find that those who are self-proclaimed wine experts have a higher willingness to pay for organic or sustainable certified wines. These customers are generally middle aged, most often male, live in multi-person households, have pursued some level of higher education, and many are self-employed. We believe this study captures the growing trend of organic and sustainable wine certifications. It also identifies who is already convinced and who will need more marketing/education before they are ready to buy organic or sustainable wine.

Increasingly, academics and activists are calling for transformational solutions and a fundamental paradigm shift in the tourism industry to address the climate emergency and the problems associated with overtourism. De-growth and post-growth paradigms, including Doughnut Economics and regenerative tourism models, have been earmarked as valuable, alternative approaches. The aim of this chapter is to consider the extent to which degrowth or post-growth principles are incorporated into European destination strategies. We present three case studies of European urban destinations: Vienna, Edinburgh and Amsterdam. Our case study cities have started to introduce policy and strategy objectives that prioritise residents’ wellbeing and quality of life over economic growth. Vienna’s and Edinburgh’s tourism strategies monitor offshoots to social impacts, and aim to prioritise residents’ wellbeing, while Amsterdam applies Doughnut Economics and tourism degrowth paradigms more explicitly. Our findings highlight that while Raworth’s Doughnut model is useful in understanding emerging tourism strategy approaches, it also requires adaptation to recognise the potential social overshoot that exists in a tourism context, and to identify how the visitor economy can contribute to a destination’s prosperity and wellbeing. <!----> <!----> <!----> <!---->