Bus stops are an essential element of the public transport system and affect its users’ safety level. They are where the passengers gather who want to use bus transport, and where vehicles stop to exchange passenger flows. Most studies devoted to assessing bus stops’ safety focus on two evaluation methods: (1) statistical analysis of traffic crash data and (2) traffic conflict analysis. However, there is a need to develop a methodology to define priorities and scope for the improvement of increasing bus stops’ safety. For this reason, the aim of the article is to present a method of assessing bus stops’ safety, which is dedicated to the process of auditing and designing point infrastructure in the city. The use of the proposed method of evaluating bus stops is aimed not only at determining the current status, but above all at assigning priorities to actions aimed at increasing safety and improving the quality of life of residents. The article presents in detail the algorithm of the research procedure consisting of the proposed method and its implementation for the evaluation of stops in a selected city. In total, 151 bus stops serving all fast lines in the studied agglomeration were assessed. As part of the results, the ratings obtained by individual stops were presented. The level of fulfilment of individual evaluation criteria, divided into conducted classification procedures, was also analysed. The implementation of the method in the real system allowed us to assess the correctness of the procedure and the usefulness of the obtained results. The obtained results of the evaluation of bus stops and the fulfilment of individual criteria should constitute the basis for the created schedules of the required ongoing works related to the improvement of public transport passenger safety, but also the creation of long-term plans related to the improvement of the bus stop infrastructure and its adaptation to changing safety requirements and passengers’ expectations.

There has been growing interest in fuel supply chains regarding transport safety and LNG reloading. This is due to the increasing consumption of this gas in the economy to create sustainable transport systems. Poland is in the phase of energy transformation, which increases the demand for this type of alternative fuel. For this reason, the number of logistic operations carried out by Polish sea terminals handling LNG deliveries is increasing. This article aims to present a method for assessing the risk of adverse events occurring during the logistic handling of LNG deliveries at a port terminal and its implementation for a selected LNG terminal in Poland. Fuzzy logic methodology was used to assess the risk due to the lack of access to specific historical data on identified events. The conducted analysis considers the guidelines applicable at the LNG terminal, described in the Terminal Operation Manual, and the specific reloading conditions occurring in the tested Polish gas terminal. Based on the analysis conducted in cooperation with experts, scenarios of possible adverse events were identified and subjected to a risk assessment. Based on the conducted analysis, those events were distinguished and their risk of occurrence.

This article presents a sector-specific digital maturity model (DMM) to assess digital transformation in inland waterway transport (IWT). Inland waterway transport plays a crucial yet underutilized role, and digitalization can enhance its efficiency, safety, and competitiveness. This study proposes a structured model to evaluate digital maturity in four key areas: (i) Customer Area: manages orders and cargo handling, (ii) System Management and Compliance: covers documentation and regulatory processes, (iii) Ship Maintenance: shifts from reactive to predictive maintenance, and (iv) Operational Management: enhances navigation and communication. The model uses a five-level maturity scale, assessing technological adoption and operational efficiency. It is validated through the assessment of two European inland waterway transport systems: the Oder and the Rhine. The analysis shows that the Rhine system has higher digital maturity, particularly in customer service and system management, while both systems exhibit similar gaps in operational ship maintenance. The results demonstrate that the model can be used as both a benchmarking tool and roadmap for digital transformation. The study underscores the need for continuous technological advancements and contributes to both academic research and practical applications in transport system digitalization.

The development of inland waterway transport systems is crucial to achieving sustainable transportation by reducing environmental impact, improving safety, and supporting economic efficiency. However, the varying geographic, climatic, and infrastructure conditions between regions make it challenging to evaluate and compare these systems. This study aims to address this gap by proposing a maturity model for assessing transport systems using the example of inland navigation, designed to evaluate and benchmark transportation systems based on key parameters such as fleet characteristics, infrastructure, and management processes. The proposed model identifies five maturity levels, ranging from basic to advanced functionality. Using this model, the Polish inland waterway transport system was analyzed as a case study to assess its current maturity and identify areas for development. The results indicate that while the Polish system demonstrates strengths in certain aspects, such as the coherence of its linear infrastructure, there are significant gaps in fleet modernization and the integration of advanced technologies. This study highlights the potential of the maturity model as a strategic tool for planning and decision-making in the inland waterway transport sector. Future work will focus on refining the model to enhance its applicability and comprehensiveness.

Understanding cycling mobility is essential for developing sustainable urban transport policies. However, variations in data collection methods and a lack of standardized approaches hinder comprehensive analysis and evidence-based decision-making. This study examines how cycling data are gathered across different cities, the insights they provide, and how existing methods can be improved. The scientific literature and policy guidelines are examined, combined with an empirical study analyzing data collection practices in several Polish cities. This paper reveals inconsistencies in data collection techniques, including differences in sensor-based tracking, manual counting, and survey methodologies. Moreover, while some cities employ advanced technologies such as automated counters, others rely on fragmented or irregular data sources. This study highlights best practices observed in international research and policy recommendations, which could guide the refinement of cycling data collection strategies. By identifying common gaps and challenges, recommendations for improving data standardization, integration, and accessibility are proposed. The results contribute to a better understanding of how cities can enhance their cycling data frameworks to support sustainable mobility planning and policy development.

The presented article concerns the development of inland navigation in Poland. The aim is to determine and analyse factors that influence the development of this branch of transportation. To determine the parameters that are subject to further analysis, the author analysed publications on the development of inland waterway transport. Then, three groups of respondents (scientists, shipping administration employees, and inland navigation captains) evaluated seven selected factors (demand, operational parameters, ports, service, waterways improvement, fleet, and crew) and their mutual influence. Responses were analysed using the Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) method. According to the results, the factors influencing inland navigation to the greatest extent are demand, operational parameters, and waterways improvement; at the same time, all these factors were evaluated as influencing the other factors. This means that by modelling these factors, e.g., through political tools, one can achieve the fastest and greatest impact on the development of inland navigation in Poland. The factors assessed as the most important, at the same time being identified as influencing others (not being their effect), are the factors that should be taken into account first, because they can have the fastest and greatest impact on the development of inland navigation in Poland.