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Assoc. Prof. of architectural engineerung
This paper discusses in detail the current level of awareness of the Saudi Arabia stakeholders regarding the use and application of green building rating systems. The paper used a mix of qualitative and quantitative research methods through an exploratory method that utilized an online survey targeting experts and construction stakeholders to fill the gap of previous research papers and support the argument of the increase in the level of the awareness of stakeholders in the use and application of green building rating systems in Saudi Arabia. This research aims to focus on the level of awareness of the Saudi construction market stakeholders on green building rating systems in Saudi Arabia with focus on the Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design system LEED and Mostadam. It also investigated which rating system responds to the need of the Saudi construction market with regard to energy conservation and water consumption more effectively. The methodology utilized in this research used a combination of primary and secondary data where the primary data were a survey sent to Saudi construction stakeholders where a total of 1320 respondents participated in the survey. Results from this research showed a promising number of agreements between the participating stakeholders to the level of awareness of green building rating systems in Saudi Arabia and to the willingness to use internationally recognized rating systems such as LEED and the use of locally recognized systems such as Mostadam. Furthermore, the research aims to link the results with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) with a focus on SDGs 6 and 7. The results show a high level of appreciation and agreement to the importance of energy and water conservation in green buildings that will be using either LEED or Mostadam in Saudi Arabia and accomplish the targets outlined under the SDGs.
Mohammed Al-Surf; Ashraf Balabel; Mamdooh Alwetaishi; Ahmed Abdelhafiz; Usama Issa; Ibrahim Sharaky; Amal Shamseldin; Mosleh Al-Harthi. Stakeholder’s Perspective on Green Building Rating Systems in Saudi Arabia: The Case of LEED, Mostadam, and the SDGs. Sustainability 2021, 13, 8463 .
AMA StyleMohammed Al-Surf, Ashraf Balabel, Mamdooh Alwetaishi, Ahmed Abdelhafiz, Usama Issa, Ibrahim Sharaky, Amal Shamseldin, Mosleh Al-Harthi. Stakeholder’s Perspective on Green Building Rating Systems in Saudi Arabia: The Case of LEED, Mostadam, and the SDGs. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (15):8463.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMohammed Al-Surf; Ashraf Balabel; Mamdooh Alwetaishi; Ahmed Abdelhafiz; Usama Issa; Ibrahim Sharaky; Amal Shamseldin; Mosleh Al-Harthi. 2021. "Stakeholder’s Perspective on Green Building Rating Systems in Saudi Arabia: The Case of LEED, Mostadam, and the SDGs." Sustainability 13, no. 15: 8463.
Improving building performance through reducing negative environmental impacts can be achieved by greening existing buildings (GEB), which is considered a very important sustainability process. Due to the risky and uncertain nature of the process of GEB, a growing amount of attention should be given to eliminating the effects of risks on GEB. This research aims to identify most expected risk factors related to GEB, as well as to evaluate their effects through calculating risk factor characteristics, such as risk factor presence (RFP), impact on the GEB process (IGEB), and impact on building performance in the long run (IBP), as new indices describe these risks. Sixty-six risk factors were categorized in seven risk groups related to the economic aspect, social aspect, environmental aspect, managerial aspect, sustainability operation, sustainable design, and renovation. Moreover, a fuzzy model for risk analysis was developed to combine the multi-effects of the aforementioned three risk factor characteristics in one index representing the risk factors’ overall importance. The model was applied and verified for data collected in Saudi Arabia. The results of this study showed that the most important risk group is the greening process of environmental control, while the least important is the greening process of renovation and construction. Using the proposed model improved the results of evaluating risks affecting GEB through merging the multi-effects of risk factor characteristics. The results and analysis proved that the most important key risk factors were environmental in nature. An intricate relationship of the impacts on the GEB process and building performance with the overall importance of the risk factors was clearly found. The decision makers who deal with greening projects in Saudi Arabia should be aware of the key risks identified in this study. The proposed methodology and model can be easily applied to other countries to help decision makers in evaluating their GEB projects, as well as comparing more greening projects based on risk analysis.
Usama Issa; Ibrahim Sharaky; Mamdooh Alwetaishi; Ashraf Balabel; Amal Shamseldin; Ahmed Abdelhafiz; Mohammed Al-Surf; Mosleh Al-Harthi; Medhat Osman. Developing and Applying a Model for Evaluating Risks Affecting Greening Existing Buildings. Sustainability 2021, 13, 6403 .
AMA StyleUsama Issa, Ibrahim Sharaky, Mamdooh Alwetaishi, Ashraf Balabel, Amal Shamseldin, Ahmed Abdelhafiz, Mohammed Al-Surf, Mosleh Al-Harthi, Medhat Osman. Developing and Applying a Model for Evaluating Risks Affecting Greening Existing Buildings. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (11):6403.
Chicago/Turabian StyleUsama Issa; Ibrahim Sharaky; Mamdooh Alwetaishi; Ashraf Balabel; Amal Shamseldin; Ahmed Abdelhafiz; Mohammed Al-Surf; Mosleh Al-Harthi; Medhat Osman. 2021. "Developing and Applying a Model for Evaluating Risks Affecting Greening Existing Buildings." Sustainability 13, no. 11: 6403.
In this study, the recycled concrete aggregates and powder (RCA and RCP) prepared from basaltic concrete waste were used to replace the natural aggregate (NA) and cement, respectively. The NA (coarse and fine) was replaced by the recycled aggregates with five percentages (0%, 20%, 40%, 60% and 80%). Consequently, the cement was replaced by the RCP with four percentages (0%, 5%, 10% and 20%). Cubes with 100 mm edge length were prepared for all tests. The compressive and tensile strengths (fcu and ftu) and water absorption (WA) were investigated for all mixes at different ages. Partial substitution of NA with recycled aggregate reduced the compressive strength with different percentages depending on the type and source of recycled aggregate. After 28 days, the maximum reduction in fcu value was 9.8% and 9.4% for mixtures with coarse RCA and fine RCA (FRCA), respectively. After 56 days, the mixes with 40% FRCA reached almost the same fcu value as the control mix (M0, 99.5%). Consequently, the compressive strengths of the mixes with 10% RCA at 28 and 56 days were 99.3 and 95.2%, respectively, compared to those of M0. The mixes integrated FRCA and RCP showed higher tensile strengths than the M0 at 56 d with a very small reduction at 28 d (max = 3.4%). Moreover, the fcu and ftu values increased for the late test ages, while the WA decreased.
Ibrahim Sharaky; Usama Issa; Mamdooh Alwetaishi; Ahmed Abdelhafiz; Amal Shamseldin; Mohammed Al-Surf; Mosleh Al-Harthi; Ashraf Balabel. Strength and Water Absorption of Sustainable Concrete Produced with Recycled Basaltic Concrete Aggregates and Powder. Sustainability 2021, 13, 6277 .
AMA StyleIbrahim Sharaky, Usama Issa, Mamdooh Alwetaishi, Ahmed Abdelhafiz, Amal Shamseldin, Mohammed Al-Surf, Mosleh Al-Harthi, Ashraf Balabel. Strength and Water Absorption of Sustainable Concrete Produced with Recycled Basaltic Concrete Aggregates and Powder. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (11):6277.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIbrahim Sharaky; Usama Issa; Mamdooh Alwetaishi; Ahmed Abdelhafiz; Amal Shamseldin; Mohammed Al-Surf; Mosleh Al-Harthi; Ashraf Balabel. 2021. "Strength and Water Absorption of Sustainable Concrete Produced with Recycled Basaltic Concrete Aggregates and Powder." Sustainability 13, no. 11: 6277.
Along with the global concern of the Environmental Assessment of Buildings, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) had recently used its system, Mostadam, to provide a suitable method to assess its buildings environmentally. Nevertheless, Mostadam still cannot be used for all Saudi Arabia regions without having misleading results, which is due to its various internal regions with their various characteristics. Taif city has its unique environmental characteristics, which affect all the environmental buildings’ assessment fields. This research aimed to adjust the Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ) field of Mostadam according to Taif characteristics. The research analyzed Taif characteristics that have an impact on the IEQ field, which are mainly related to the occupants’ different comfort needs and health requirements. Then, according to an analytical methods, authors proposed some changes to adjust Mostadam IEQ field according to these characteristics. The research resulted in an obvious difference between the resulted IEQ items weights and formulation versus the origin one of Mostadam, which proves the need for such adjustment to achieve a fair and trusted assessment to achieve the utmost credible assessment results when assessing buildings environmentally in Taif. It is recommended to adjust other assessment fields similarly later on, and then globally.
Amal Shamseldin; Ashraf Balabel; Mamdooh Alwetaishi; Ahmed Abdelhafiz; Usama Issa; Ibrahim Sharaky; Mohamed Al-Surf; Mosleh Al-Harthi. Adjustment of the Indoor Environmental Quality Assessment Field for Taif City-Saudi Arabia. Sustainability 2020, 12, 10275 .
AMA StyleAmal Shamseldin, Ashraf Balabel, Mamdooh Alwetaishi, Ahmed Abdelhafiz, Usama Issa, Ibrahim Sharaky, Mohamed Al-Surf, Mosleh Al-Harthi. Adjustment of the Indoor Environmental Quality Assessment Field for Taif City-Saudi Arabia. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (24):10275.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAmal Shamseldin; Ashraf Balabel; Mamdooh Alwetaishi; Ahmed Abdelhafiz; Usama Issa; Ibrahim Sharaky; Mohamed Al-Surf; Mosleh Al-Harthi. 2020. "Adjustment of the Indoor Environmental Quality Assessment Field for Taif City-Saudi Arabia." Sustainability 12, no. 24: 10275.