The article compares the results of experimental and modelling research of switched reluctance motor at two different operational states: one proper and one with mechanical fault, i.e., with dynamic eccentricity of the rotor. The experiments were carried out on a test bench and then the results were compared with mathematical modelling of quasi-static and dynamic analysis of 2D geometry model. Finally, it was examined how the operation with dynamic eccentricity fault of the motor affected its main physical parameter—the phase current. The analysis was presented in the frequency domain using the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT); however, individual current waveforms in the time domain are also shown for comparison. Applying results of the research could increase reliability of the maintenance of SRM and enhance its application in vehicles for special purposes as well as its military and industrial applications.

The development of energy storage systems is significant for solving problems related to climate change. A hybrid energy storage system (HESS), combining batteries with ultracapacitors, may be a feasible way to improve the efficiency of electric vehicles and renewable energy applications. However, most existing research requires comprehensive modelling of HESS components under different operating conditions, hindering optimisation and real-world application. This study proposes a novel approach to analysing the set of differential equations of a substitute model of HESS and validates a model-based approach to investigate the performance of an HESS composed of a Valve-Regulated Lead Acid (VRLA) Absorbent Glass Mat (AGM) battery and a Maxwell ultracapacitor in a parallel configuration. Consequently, the set of differential equations describing the HESS dynamics is provided. The dynamics of this system are modelled with a double resistive–capacitive (2-RC) scheme using data from Hybrid Pulse Power Characterisation (HPPC) and pseudo-random cycles. Parameters are identified using the Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm. The model’s accuracy is analysed, estimated and verified using Mean Square Errors (MSEs) and Normalised Root Mean Square Errors (NRMSEs) in the range of a State of Charge (SoC) from 0.1 to 0.9. Limitations of the proposed models are also discussed. Finally, the main advantages of HESSs are highlighted in terms of energy and open-circuit voltage (OCV) characteristics.

The switched reluctance motor (SRM) is an electric motor that can function effectively in challenging operating conditions thanks to its sturdy construction and resilience to external factors. Despite somewhat weaker parameters in terms of energy and power density compared to other types of electric motors, the SRM is recommended for applications such as the military, mining, industry, and other locations where the reliability of vehicle drive is essential. Therefore, monitoring the motor’s operating state and identifying the fault’s condition while it is still in the beginning phase is crucial. The paper presents SRM diagnostic methods and the authors’ research on the test stand. The examined faults were dynamic eccentricity and imbalance. Experiments were performed for various rotational speeds and loads. The analysis of the results consisted of the interpretation of the current and acceleration spectra acquired from proper sensors. The spectra bands are compared in terms of their amplitudes and frequency values. These results show the nonlinear characteristics of the motor’s operation, and interpretation of these results allows for estimating the impact of a fault parameter on a motor’s performance.

Wydawnictwo SIGMA-NOT wydaje czasopisma fachowe informuj