”Nano-Era’’ adıyla bilinen akım giderek yaygınlaşarak çeşitli nanoteknoloji araştırma programları ve mühendislik uygulamaları ile birlikte son derece popülerlik kazanarak araştırmacıların dikkatini çekmektedir. Tarımda nanomateryallerin kullanımı ‘’under explorer’’ olarak adlandırılmaktadır. Nanomateryallerin kendilerine ait üstün özellikleri ile tarımsal uygulamalarda ne düzeyde olumlu katkı yaratabilecekleri merak konusudur. Bu hipotezle çalışma, çeşitli nanomalzemelerin gübre ve büyüme düzenleyici olarak kullanılabilirliği açısından güncel araştırmaları içermektedir. Derleme makale, nanomateryallerin tarımda uygulanması konusunda ilgili araştırmacılar için önemli bir veri kaynağı ve haraket noktası olabilecek düzeyde önem arz etmektedir.

Alternative treatments are becoming more and more necessary due to the increasing growth in medication resistance to synthetic antibiotics. The purpose of this study was to examine the antibacterial capabilities of an extract from Zataria multiflora (Z. multiflora) against a variety of pathogenic bacteria. Z. multiflora plants were collected from the natural resources of Isfahan province and verified as Z. multiflora by botanists from the Agricultural Jihad Organization. Methanolic extract of Z. multiflora was prepared, and its effects were tested at concentrations of 50 mg/ml, 100 mg/ml, 200 mg/ml, and 400 mg/ml using the well diffusion and disk diffusion methods on Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), Bacillus cereus (B. cereus), Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa). Minimum inhibitory concentration of bacterial growth and minimum bacterial pathogen concentration (MIC/MBC) were determined through dilution in tubes. The outcomes showed that both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria were significantly inhibited by the methanolic extract of Z. multiflora. The MBC/MIC analysis revealed that S. aureus was the most sensitive, while E. coli was the least sensitive to the Z. multiflora extract. The study shows the potential of the methanolic extract from Z. multiflora against various pathogenic bacteria, including Gram-positive and Gram-negative ones. It suggests it could be a viable alternative to synthetic antibiotics, especially in the face of antibiotic resistance. Further research is needed to understand its mechanisms, optimize extract preparation, and explore its clinical applications..

Figs, mentioned in the Torah, the Bible, and the Quran, are of historical and cultural significance and have been used for medical treatment, prompting extensive research. Colorectal cancer (CRC), the second leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide, is expected to significantly increase in terms of mortality rates by 2035, with its progression closely linked to inflammatory processes. Cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), an enzyme encoded by the Ptgs2 gene, plays a key role in these processes by converting arachidonic acid into prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), a mediator of inflammation. In the present study, the potential of natural antiinflammatory compounds, specifically fumaric acid and quinic acid extracted from Ficus carica (fig tree), was explored as therapeutic agents targeting COX-2. Using water and methanol extraction methods, secondary metabolite analyses were conducted via the liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC‒MS/MS). Computational molecular modeling techniques were employed for in silico analysis of the interactions between these acids and COX-2. The findings demonstrated strong binding affinity, suggesting the potential of the quinic acid–COX-2 complex over the fumaric acid–COX2 complex. This study provides valuable insights into the therapeutic utility of these compounds from F. carica as antiinflammatory agents.

Elucidating the intricate interplay between enzymes and natural compounds is essential for designing therapeutic strategies. This study employs advanced computational techniques to explore the binding mechanisms between quercetin 2,3-dioxygenase (QDO) and oroxylin A, revealing specific interaction patterns and key residues crucial to the formation of the QDO-oroxylin A complex. Molecular docking simulations revealed a favorable binding affinity (docking score: -5.6 kcal/mol) between Oroxylin A and the active site cavity of QDO, which was supported by Oroxylin A's specific orientation (Pose 3). Despite an observed RMSD value of 2.776 indicating a moderate deviation between the docked pose and the reference structure, the formation of two hydrogen bonds with GLN 93 chain D underscores specific molecular interactions driving the binding process. This hydrogen bond formation suggested the presence of a stable and specific binding mode between Oroxylin A and QDO, likely influencing the functional dynamics of the enzyme, necessitating further refinement and validation of the docking model. The ensuing deliberation on the implications of Oroxylin A include its potential as a modulator of QDO activity, emphasizing the importance of molecular-level insights in comprehending enzyme-compound interactions. Oroxylin A, a quercetin 2,3-dioxygenase inhibitor, was used in combination with other agents to prolong the biological impacts of quercetin, thereby amplifying its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. This strategic approach exhibits promise in augmenting cardioprotective benefits, immune system support, and protection against diverse pathological conditions. Subsequent considerations of dosage, bioavailability, and healthcare professional consultation are imperative for judicious supplementation, particularly in individuals with prevailing health conditions or medications. This ongoing in silico study is dedicated to revealing the potential synergistic interactions of Oroxylin A, potentiating the long-term effects of quercetin and advancing our understanding of these intricacies.