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Francesca Giacobbo
Department of Energy, Politecnico di Milano, Via La Masa 34, 20156 Milano, Italy

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Journal article
Published: 15 December 2020 in Sustainability
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The unique design features of the molten salt fast reactor (MSFR) should enable higher coolant temperatures than in conventional water reactors, with a significant improvement in the achievable thermodynamic performance. The use of a molten salt as both fuel and coolant, however, poses several advanced heat transfer challenges, such as the design of innovative heat exchangers and energy conversion systems. In this work, we address a preliminary but quantitative analysis of the energy conversion system for the MSFR, based on reference design data from the SAMOFAR H2020-EURATOM project. We consider three main technologies, i.e., the supercritical steam cycle, the closed helium cycle and the helium/steam combined cycle. Preliminary design results are presented for each technology, based on a simplified modelling approach. The considered cycles show promising efficiency improvements, with the best performance being proven by the supercritical steam cycle. The analysis also highlights the critical issue related to the risk of freezing of the molten salts within the secondary heat exchangers, due to the low inlet temperatures of the working fluids. Results show potential incompatibility between the freezing point of molten salts and the temperatures typical of steam cycles, while helium cycles offer the best chances of freezing avoidance. The combined cycle promises intermediate performance in terms of thermodynamic efficiency and thermal compatibility with molten salts comparable with closed helium cycles.

ACS Style

Andrea Di Ronco; Francesca Giacobbo; Guglielmo Lomonaco; Stefano Lorenzi; Xiang Wang; Antonio Cammi. Preliminary Analysis and Design of the Energy Conversion System for the Molten Salt Fast Reactor. Sustainability 2020, 12, 10497 .

AMA Style

Andrea Di Ronco, Francesca Giacobbo, Guglielmo Lomonaco, Stefano Lorenzi, Xiang Wang, Antonio Cammi. Preliminary Analysis and Design of the Energy Conversion System for the Molten Salt Fast Reactor. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (24):10497.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Andrea Di Ronco; Francesca Giacobbo; Guglielmo Lomonaco; Stefano Lorenzi; Xiang Wang; Antonio Cammi. 2020. "Preliminary Analysis and Design of the Energy Conversion System for the Molten Salt Fast Reactor." Sustainability 12, no. 24: 10497.

Journal article
Published: 30 November 2020 in Sustainability
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In the present work, a online data assimilation approach, based on the Kalman filter algorithm, is proposed for the source term reconstruction in accidental events with dispersion of radioactive agents in air. For this purpose a Gaussian plume model of dispersion in air is embedded in the Kalman filter algorithm to estimate unknown scenario parameters, such as the coordinates and the intensity of the source, on the basis of measurements collected by a mobile sensor. The approach was tested against pseudo-experimental data produced with both the Gaussian plume model and the Lagrangian puff model SCIPUFF. The results show the good capabilities of the proposed approach in retrieving the values of the unknown parameters when (i) one or more release parameters are poorly known and (ii) a sufficient number of experimental measurements describing the evolution of the dispersion process can be collected in a short time by means of mobile sensors. Thanks to its flexibility and computational efficiency, and due to the exploitation of the Kalman filter potentialities through the use of a simplified model of dispersion in air, the proposed approach can constitute a useful tool for the management of emergency scenarios.

ACS Style

Andrea Di Ronco; Francesca Giacobbo; Antonio Cammi. A Kalman Filter-Based Approach for Online Source-Term Estimation in Accidental Radioactive Dispersion Events. Sustainability 2020, 12, 10003 .

AMA Style

Andrea Di Ronco, Francesca Giacobbo, Antonio Cammi. A Kalman Filter-Based Approach for Online Source-Term Estimation in Accidental Radioactive Dispersion Events. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (23):10003.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Andrea Di Ronco; Francesca Giacobbo; Antonio Cammi. 2020. "A Kalman Filter-Based Approach for Online Source-Term Estimation in Accidental Radioactive Dispersion Events." Sustainability 12, no. 23: 10003.

Research article
Published: 06 May 2019 in Geofluids
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Conservative transport experiments with layered porous materials (coarse-grained vs. fine-grained) were performed through experimental cylindrical columns to assess the possible occurrence of interface processes at the discontinuity between media with different hydrodynamic and hydrodispersive properties, as proposed by some authors in the past based on modelling and experimental results. The outcomes of the present work show that, under certain conditions, the breakthrough curves (BTCs) obtained for flow through the coarse-grained and then through the fine-grained media (CtF) or vice versa (FtC) can differ. More specifically, an asymmetric behaviour is observed for cases when the ratio between the column and grain diameters is small. Moreover, the discrepancies between CtF and FtC BTCs are enhanced for low flow rates and low quantity of injected solute.

ACS Style

Francesca Giacobbo; Mauro Giudici; Mirko Da Ros. About the Dependence of Breakthrough Curves on Flow Direction in Column Experiments of Transport across a Sharp Interface Separating Different Porous Materials. Geofluids 2019, 2019, 1 -8.

AMA Style

Francesca Giacobbo, Mauro Giudici, Mirko Da Ros. About the Dependence of Breakthrough Curves on Flow Direction in Column Experiments of Transport across a Sharp Interface Separating Different Porous Materials. Geofluids. 2019; 2019 ():1-8.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Francesca Giacobbo; Mauro Giudici; Mirko Da Ros. 2019. "About the Dependence of Breakthrough Curves on Flow Direction in Column Experiments of Transport across a Sharp Interface Separating Different Porous Materials." Geofluids 2019, no. : 1-8.

Journal article
Published: 20 July 2018 in IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
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The response of Fricke xylenol orange gelatin dosimeter has been studied to investigate the possibility of achieving a calibration method based on a preirradiation procedure. With this aim, different preirradiation parameters have been tested, and the system response to subsequent irradiations has been investigated. Both Fricke gel layers and cuvettes were considered, and no dependence on shape and wall material was observed. An increase of the system response was observed, depending on the total absorbed dose and not on the number of subsequent irradiations performed, as evidenced by the changes of the absorption spectra shapes. Moreover, different calibration curves, and consequently different sensitivities, were obtained with different preirradiation parameters. In order to propose a calibration procedure, further studies are of fundamental importance to deeper comprehending the influence of preirradiation parameters on the system sensitivity and response. In particular, a systematic analysis of the whole absorption spectra has proved to be central.

ACS Style

Giulia Maria Liosi; Grazia Gambarini; Emanuele Artuso; Sara Benedini; Elena Macerata; Francesca Giacobbo; Marco Gargano; Nicola Ludwig; Mauro Carrara; Emanuele Pignoli; Mario Mariani. Study on Characteristics of Fricke Xylenol Orange Gelatin Dosimeters. IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science 2018, 65, 2628 -2632.

AMA Style

Giulia Maria Liosi, Grazia Gambarini, Emanuele Artuso, Sara Benedini, Elena Macerata, Francesca Giacobbo, Marco Gargano, Nicola Ludwig, Mauro Carrara, Emanuele Pignoli, Mario Mariani. Study on Characteristics of Fricke Xylenol Orange Gelatin Dosimeters. IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science. 2018; 65 (9):2628-2632.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Giulia Maria Liosi; Grazia Gambarini; Emanuele Artuso; Sara Benedini; Elena Macerata; Francesca Giacobbo; Marco Gargano; Nicola Ludwig; Mauro Carrara; Emanuele Pignoli; Mario Mariani. 2018. "Study on Characteristics of Fricke Xylenol Orange Gelatin Dosimeters." IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science 65, no. 9: 2628-2632.

Journal article
Published: 01 February 2018 in Journal of Nuclear Materials
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ACS Style

Francesca Giacobbo; Mirko Da Ros; Elena Macerata; Mario Mariani; Marco Giola; Giorgio De Angelis; Mauro Capone; Carlo Fedeli. An experimental study on Sodalite and SAP matrices for immobilization of spent chloride salt waste. Journal of Nuclear Materials 2018, 499, 512 -527.

AMA Style

Francesca Giacobbo, Mirko Da Ros, Elena Macerata, Mario Mariani, Marco Giola, Giorgio De Angelis, Mauro Capone, Carlo Fedeli. An experimental study on Sodalite and SAP matrices for immobilization of spent chloride salt waste. Journal of Nuclear Materials. 2018; 499 ():512-527.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Francesca Giacobbo; Mirko Da Ros; Elena Macerata; Mario Mariani; Marco Giola; Giorgio De Angelis; Mauro Capone; Carlo Fedeli. 2018. "An experimental study on Sodalite and SAP matrices for immobilization of spent chloride salt waste." Journal of Nuclear Materials 499, no. : 512-527.

Journal article
Published: 01 December 2016 in MRS Advances
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Pellets made of pure sodalite blended with commercial glass frit and pellets made of sodalite, glass frit and a mixture of chloride salts, synthesized through dry pressing and subsequent thermal treatment, were evaluated as a potential matrix for confinement of spent chloride salts coming from pyroprocesses. The sodalite pellets were leached at 23°C and 90°C for 28 days, according to the ASTM C1220-10 procedure. Normalized release rates were estimated for the following elements: Li, Na, Al, Si, K, Rb, Cs, Sr, Ba, La, Nd and compared with literature results. SEM investigations, carried out before and after the leaching tests, show dissolution and re-precipitation phenomena at 90°C.

ACS Style

M. Capone; C. Fedeli; G. De Angelis; M. Da Ros; F. Giacobbo; M. Giola; Elena Macerata; Mario Mariani. A study on sodalite pellets as matrix for spent chloride salts confinement. MRS Advances 2016, 1, 4261 -4267.

AMA Style

M. Capone, C. Fedeli, G. De Angelis, M. Da Ros, F. Giacobbo, M. Giola, Elena Macerata, Mario Mariani. A study on sodalite pellets as matrix for spent chloride salts confinement. MRS Advances. 2016; 1 (63-64):4261-4267.

Chicago/Turabian Style

M. Capone; C. Fedeli; G. De Angelis; M. Da Ros; F. Giacobbo; M. Giola; Elena Macerata; Mario Mariani. 2016. "A study on sodalite pellets as matrix for spent chloride salts confinement." MRS Advances 1, no. 63-64: 4261-4267.

Journal article
Published: 01 July 2016 in Radiation Physics and Chemistry
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ACS Style

I. Malavasi; G. Consolati; F. Quasso; Michelina Soccio; M. Gigli; M. Negrin; E. Macerata; F. Giacobbo; Nadia Lotti; A. Munari; Mario Mariani. Effect of gamma irradiation on poly(butylene naphthalate) based polyesters. Radiation Physics and Chemistry 2016, 124, 58 -61.

AMA Style

I. Malavasi, G. Consolati, F. Quasso, Michelina Soccio, M. Gigli, M. Negrin, E. Macerata, F. Giacobbo, Nadia Lotti, A. Munari, Mario Mariani. Effect of gamma irradiation on poly(butylene naphthalate) based polyesters. Radiation Physics and Chemistry. 2016; 124 ():58-61.

Chicago/Turabian Style

I. Malavasi; G. Consolati; F. Quasso; Michelina Soccio; M. Gigli; M. Negrin; E. Macerata; F. Giacobbo; Nadia Lotti; A. Munari; Mario Mariani. 2016. "Effect of gamma irradiation on poly(butylene naphthalate) based polyesters." Radiation Physics and Chemistry 124, no. : 58-61.

Journal article
Published: 28 November 2015 in Hydrogeology Journal
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The fine-scale heterogeneity of porous media affects the large-scale transport of solutes and contaminants in groundwater and it can be reproduced by means of several geostatistical simulation tools. However, including the available geological information in these tools is often cumbersome. A hierarchical simulation procedure based on a binary tree is proposed and tested on two real-world blocks of alluvial sediments, of a few cubic meters volume, that represent small-scale aquifer analogs. The procedure is implemented using the sequential indicator simulation, but it is so general that it can be adapted to various geostatistical simulation tools, improving their capability to incorporate geological information, i.e., the sedimentological and architectural characterization of heterogeneity. When compared with a standard sequential indicator approach on bi-dimensional simulations, in terms of proportions and connectivity indicators, the proposed procedure yields reliable results, closer to the reference observations. Different ensembles of three-dimensional simulations based on different hierarchical sequences are used to perform numerical experiments of conservative solute transport and to obtain ensembles of equivalent pore velocity and dispersion coefficient at the scale length of the blocks (meter). Their statistics are used to estimate the impact of the variability of the transport properties of the simulated blocks on contaminant transport modeled on bigger domains (hectometer). This is investigated with a one-dimensional transport modeling based on the Kolmogorov-Dmitriev theory of branching stochastic processes. Applying the proposed approach with diverse binary trees and different simulation settings provides a great flexibility, which is revealed by the differences in the breakthrough curves.

ACS Style

Alessandro Comunian; Leonardo De Micheli; Claudio Lazzati; Fabrizio Felletti; Francesca Giacobbo; Mauro Giudici; Riccardo Bersezio. Hierarchical simulation of aquifer heterogeneity: implications of different simulation settings on solute-transport modeling. Hydrogeology Journal 2015, 24, 319 -334.

AMA Style

Alessandro Comunian, Leonardo De Micheli, Claudio Lazzati, Fabrizio Felletti, Francesca Giacobbo, Mauro Giudici, Riccardo Bersezio. Hierarchical simulation of aquifer heterogeneity: implications of different simulation settings on solute-transport modeling. Hydrogeology Journal. 2015; 24 (2):319-334.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Alessandro Comunian; Leonardo De Micheli; Claudio Lazzati; Fabrizio Felletti; Francesca Giacobbo; Mauro Giudici; Riccardo Bersezio. 2015. "Hierarchical simulation of aquifer heterogeneity: implications of different simulation settings on solute-transport modeling." Hydrogeology Journal 24, no. 2: 319-334.

Journal article
Published: 01 September 2015 in Nukleonika
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The Fricke xylenol orange (FX) gel system is a chemical dosimeter characterized by good sensitivity, linear dose response, tissue equivalence, no toxicity, easy preparation, reproducibility and low cost. Thanks to the presence of the gelatinous matrix, the system is particularly suitable to perform reliable 3D mapping of the absorbed dose spatial distribution via magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or optical techniques. The aim of this work is to study in a systematic way the influence of the pre-irradiation storage procedure upon sensitivity, dose response stability and lifetime of use of a FX gel system made with gelatin from porcine skin subjected to homogeneous irradiation. For this purpose, different pre-irradiation storage procedures, in terms of temperature and duration of each storage step, were investigated. In order to evaluate the dose response stability, the optical analyses of the samples were performed up to 6 hours after irradiation. Moreover, the samples were irradiated at time intervals of 24 hours for up to 7 days after preparation in order to evaluate the system lifetime of use. Regardless of their thermal and temporal life, the samples show linear dose responses in the investigated dose range (3-24 Gy) and an increase of sensitivity with the time elapsed between preparation and irradiation. Among the three pre-irradiation storage procedures considered here, a procedure that provides the best dose response stability and lifetime of use was identified and recommended for further use. The analyzed dosimetric system possesses good properties that make it promising for medical application, particularly concerning the evaluation of pre-treatment plan quality assurance within the conformational external beam radiotherapy

ACS Style

Giulia Maria Liosi; Francesca Giacobbo; Emanuele Pignoli; Mauro Carrara; Grazia Gambarini; Mario Mariani. Effects of the pre-irradiation storage procedure on the dose response of a Fricke xylenol orange gel dosimeter. Nukleonika 2015, 60, 603 -607.

AMA Style

Giulia Maria Liosi, Francesca Giacobbo, Emanuele Pignoli, Mauro Carrara, Grazia Gambarini, Mario Mariani. Effects of the pre-irradiation storage procedure on the dose response of a Fricke xylenol orange gel dosimeter. Nukleonika. 2015; 60 (3):603-607.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Giulia Maria Liosi; Francesca Giacobbo; Emanuele Pignoli; Mauro Carrara; Grazia Gambarini; Mario Mariani. 2015. "Effects of the pre-irradiation storage procedure on the dose response of a Fricke xylenol orange gel dosimeter." Nukleonika 60, no. 3: 603-607.

Conference paper
Published: 01 April 2015 in 2015 4th International Conference on Advancements in Nuclear Instrumentation Measurement Methods and their Applications (ANIMMA)
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A systematic study of the absorption spectra of Fricke xylenol orange gel dosimeters has been performed, in the wavelength range from 300 nm to 700 nm. The spectrum of xylenol orange (without ferrous sulphate solution) has been achieved, in order to subtract its contribution from the absorption spectra of the irradiated Fricke xylenol orange gel dosimeters. The absorbance due to ferric ions chelated by xylenol orange has been studied for various irradiation doses. Two absorbance peaks are visible, mainly at low doses: the first peak increases with the dose more slowly than the second one. This effect can explain the apparent threshold dose that was frequently evidenced.

ACS Style

G. Gambarini; G. M. Liosi; E. Artuso; F. Giacobbo; Mario Mariani; L. Brambilla; C. Castiglioni; Mauro Carrara; E. Pignoli. Study of the absorption spectra of Fricke xylenol orange gel dosimeters. 2015 4th International Conference on Advancements in Nuclear Instrumentation Measurement Methods and their Applications (ANIMMA) 2015, 1 -5.

AMA Style

G. Gambarini, G. M. Liosi, E. Artuso, F. Giacobbo, Mario Mariani, L. Brambilla, C. Castiglioni, Mauro Carrara, E. Pignoli. Study of the absorption spectra of Fricke xylenol orange gel dosimeters. 2015 4th International Conference on Advancements in Nuclear Instrumentation Measurement Methods and their Applications (ANIMMA). 2015; ():1-5.

Chicago/Turabian Style

G. Gambarini; G. M. Liosi; E. Artuso; F. Giacobbo; Mario Mariani; L. Brambilla; C. Castiglioni; Mauro Carrara; E. Pignoli. 2015. "Study of the absorption spectra of Fricke xylenol orange gel dosimeters." 2015 4th International Conference on Advancements in Nuclear Instrumentation Measurement Methods and their Applications (ANIMMA) , no. : 1-5.

Conference paper
Published: 01 April 2015 in 2015 4th International Conference on Advancements in Nuclear Instrumentation Measurement Methods and their Applications (ANIMMA)
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A calibration method has been studied for attaining, with good precision, absolute measurements of the spatial distribution of the absorbed dose by means of the Fricke gelatin xylenol orange dosimetric system. With this aim, the dose response to subsequent irradiations was analyzed. In fact, the studied modality is based on a pre-irradiation of each single dosimeter in a uniform field with a known dose, in order to extrapolate a calibration image for a subsequent non-uniform irradiation with an unknown dose to be measured.

ACS Style

G. M. Liosi; G. Gambarini; E. Artuso; S. Benedini; E. Macerata; F. Giacobbo; Marco Gargano; N. Ludwig; Mauro Carrara; E. Pignoli; Mario Mariani. Study of Fricke-gel dosimeter calibration for attaining precise measurements of the absorbed dose. 2015 4th International Conference on Advancements in Nuclear Instrumentation Measurement Methods and their Applications (ANIMMA) 2015, 1 -5.

AMA Style

G. M. Liosi, G. Gambarini, E. Artuso, S. Benedini, E. Macerata, F. Giacobbo, Marco Gargano, N. Ludwig, Mauro Carrara, E. Pignoli, Mario Mariani. Study of Fricke-gel dosimeter calibration for attaining precise measurements of the absorbed dose. 2015 4th International Conference on Advancements in Nuclear Instrumentation Measurement Methods and their Applications (ANIMMA). 2015; ():1-5.

Chicago/Turabian Style

G. M. Liosi; G. Gambarini; E. Artuso; S. Benedini; E. Macerata; F. Giacobbo; Marco Gargano; N. Ludwig; Mauro Carrara; E. Pignoli; Mario Mariani. 2015. "Study of Fricke-gel dosimeter calibration for attaining precise measurements of the absorbed dose." 2015 4th International Conference on Advancements in Nuclear Instrumentation Measurement Methods and their Applications (ANIMMA) , no. : 1-5.

Journal article
Published: 01 April 2015 in Food Control
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Volatile compounds produced by irradiation in ground beef patties, packaged under vacuum, were extracted by head-space solid-phase micro-extraction and quantified by gas-chromatography coupled to mass-spectrometry. The study was carried out at levels of irradiation, ranging from 0.5 to 8kGy. Among the 101 detected volatiles compounds, 25 resulted correlated with dose. On the basis of further measurements at 30 and 120 days after irradiation, the most stable compounds with time were identified. To estimate the dose just after irradiation, linear combinations of selections of possible dose markers were obtained via partial least squares regression. A further data analysis showed that it is possible to reconstruct both the irradiation dose and the time elapsed after irradiation from the ratio between the peak areas of some dose markers. The adopted experimental procedure combined with a proper data analysis may lead to dose or dose/age reconstruction in a rapid, simple and efficient way. © 2014 Elsevier Ltd

ACS Style

Sara Panseri; Luca M. Chiesa; Pier Antonio Biondi; Michele Rusconi; Francesca Giacobbo; Enrico Padovani; Mario Mariani. Irradiated ground beef patties: Dose and dose-age estimation by volatile compounds measurement. Food Control 2015, 50, 521 -529.

AMA Style

Sara Panseri, Luca M. Chiesa, Pier Antonio Biondi, Michele Rusconi, Francesca Giacobbo, Enrico Padovani, Mario Mariani. Irradiated ground beef patties: Dose and dose-age estimation by volatile compounds measurement. Food Control. 2015; 50 ():521-529.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sara Panseri; Luca M. Chiesa; Pier Antonio Biondi; Michele Rusconi; Francesca Giacobbo; Enrico Padovani; Mario Mariani. 2015. "Irradiated ground beef patties: Dose and dose-age estimation by volatile compounds measurement." Food Control 50, no. : 521-529.

Articles
Published: 02 January 2015 in DESALINATION AND WATER TREATMENT
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In the nuclear field, the availability of effective techniques to eliminate lead pollution from wastewater is of interest both for the purposes of radiation protection from the radioactive isotope lead-210 and also for the issues related to the use of lead in the new generation reactors nowadays under study. Evidences exist of lead pollution due to the radioactive isotope lead-210 in the proximities of uranium extraction mines. In this study, two commercial granular activated carbons obtained by physical activation of coconut shell, specifically developed and selected to purify potable water from dissolved organics (GCN 1240) and for use in gold recovery systems (GCN 816 G), were studied in batch systems to evaluate their effectiveness for separation of lead (II) from aqueous solutions. A characterization of the two carbons, different in particle size, is provided through determination of their pHPZC and scanning electron microscope analysis. Adsorption of lead (II) was observed as a function of contact time, and its kinetics were fitted. Adsorption data at equilibrium were fitted by isotherm models and the maximum adsorption capacity of the carbons resulted to be 92.39 mg/g (GCN1240) and 32.08 mg/g (GCN 816 G). Experiments were carried out to investigate effects of pH on lead adsorption, evidencing that best removal performances of lead occur near pH 5.0. The present study shows that the considered commercial granular activated carbons can be successfully adopted for removal of lead (II) by adsorption from aqueous solutions.

ACS Style

Matteo Caccin; Massimo Giorgi; Francesca Giacobbo; Mirko Da Ros; Luigi Besozzi; Mario Mariani. Removal of lead (II) from aqueous solutions by adsorption onto activated carbons prepared from coconut shell. DESALINATION AND WATER TREATMENT 2015, 1 -19.

AMA Style

Matteo Caccin, Massimo Giorgi, Francesca Giacobbo, Mirko Da Ros, Luigi Besozzi, Mario Mariani. Removal of lead (II) from aqueous solutions by adsorption onto activated carbons prepared from coconut shell. DESALINATION AND WATER TREATMENT. 2015; ():1-19.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Matteo Caccin; Massimo Giorgi; Francesca Giacobbo; Mirko Da Ros; Luigi Besozzi; Mario Mariani. 2015. "Removal of lead (II) from aqueous solutions by adsorption onto activated carbons prepared from coconut shell." DESALINATION AND WATER TREATMENT , no. : 1-19.

Article
Published: 05 November 2012 in Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry
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The adsorption of uranium (VI), cesium and strontium ions from aqueous solutions onto a commercial activated carbon obtained by physical activation of coconut shell has been studied in batch systems. In particular the adsorption of uranium, studied as a function of contact time and metal ion concentration, followed pseudo-first-order kinetics. Equilibrium adsorption data were fitted by Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models and the maximum adsorption capacity of the activated carbon resulted to be 55.32 mg/g. The study showed that the considered activated carbon could be successfully used for uranium adsorption from aqueous solutions. Feasibility of cesium and strontium adsorption onto the same activated carbon has been also investigated. Results showed that no affinities with both of these ions exist.

ACS Style

Matteo Caccin; Francesca Giacobbo; Mirko Da Ros; Luigi Besozzi; Mario Mariani. Adsorption of uranium, cesium and strontium onto coconut shell activated carbon. Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry 2012, 297, 9 -18.

AMA Style

Matteo Caccin, Francesca Giacobbo, Mirko Da Ros, Luigi Besozzi, Mario Mariani. Adsorption of uranium, cesium and strontium onto coconut shell activated carbon. Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry. 2012; 297 (1):9-18.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Matteo Caccin; Francesca Giacobbo; Mirko Da Ros; Luigi Besozzi; Mario Mariani. 2012. "Adsorption of uranium, cesium and strontium onto coconut shell activated carbon." Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry 297, no. 1: 9-18.

Conference paper
Published: 01 January 2009 in MRS Proceedings
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The major part of groundwater contaminants strongly interact with soils and aquifer rocks. Therefore sorption processes on porous matrix are of utmost importance in the frame of the nuclear waste disposal. The objectives of this study were to evaluate sorption uptake by silica sand of some safety-relevant metal ions such as Cs+, Sr2+, Cu2+, Ni2+ and to investigate the existence of competitive sorption processes between these ions. To this aim, kinetic and equilibrium, mono-component and multi-component, batch experiments were carried out in order to study: i) the influence of metal concentration, pH and contact time, on sorption onto silica sand of the above ions in aqueous solution, and ii) the presence of competition phenomena. Sorption data were well fitted by Langmuir and Freundlich models. Multi-component tests show that the uptake of each ion is reduced in presence of other ions in solution with respect to mono-component batch tests results and that competition between species appears influenced by the equilibrium times of the single species in solution and by pH.

ACS Style

Sonia Morandi; Francesca Giacobbo; Mario Mariani; Mirko Da Ros. Competitive Sorption of Metal Ions From Aqueous Solution Onto Sand. MRS Proceedings 2009, 1193, 1 .

AMA Style

Sonia Morandi, Francesca Giacobbo, Mario Mariani, Mirko Da Ros. Competitive Sorption of Metal Ions From Aqueous Solution Onto Sand. MRS Proceedings. 2009; 1193 ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sonia Morandi; Francesca Giacobbo; Mario Mariani; Mirko Da Ros. 2009. "Competitive Sorption of Metal Ions From Aqueous Solution Onto Sand." MRS Proceedings 1193, no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 30 September 2008 in Annals of Nuclear Energy
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The presence of fractures within the host matrix may strongly affect the radionuclide mobility in the far-field of the current proposed solutions for underground radioactive waste repositories. In this paper a Monte Carlo simulation approach, based on analogies with neutron transport, has been developed for describing radionuclide transport in fractured media. The Monte Carlo approach here adopted is verified by means of comparison with analytic and numerical solutions for two different case studies. An application to a more complex and realistic case is also reported to show the potential of the proposed approach.

ACS Style

F. Giacobbo; Edoardo Patelli. Monte Carlo simulation of radionuclide transport through fractured media. Annals of Nuclear Energy 2008, 35, 1732 -1740.

AMA Style

F. Giacobbo, Edoardo Patelli. Monte Carlo simulation of radionuclide transport through fractured media. Annals of Nuclear Energy. 2008; 35 (9):1732-1740.

Chicago/Turabian Style

F. Giacobbo; Edoardo Patelli. 2008. "Monte Carlo simulation of radionuclide transport through fractured media." Annals of Nuclear Energy 35, no. 9: 1732-1740.

Journal article
Published: 17 April 2008 in Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry
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High-resolution gamma-spectrometry provides fast, accurate, non-destructive isotopic analysis of natural radionuclides in environmental samples. Low energy HPGe detectors (30%) with resolution less than 2.0 keV at 1332 keV of 60Co and with linked analytical software, provide good peakto-background performance and accurate unfolding of multiplet regions. A procedure regarding high-resolution gamma-spectrometry measurements of naturally occurring radioactive samples is presented here including calibration, background interference, self-absorption, practical considerations and validation with respect to IAEA reference materials. Recommended peaks for quantitative measurements, deriving from the analysis of observed spectral interferences as well as from radioactive equilibrium considerations, are reported.

ACS Style

Massimo Oddone; L. Giordani; F. Giacobbo; Mario Mariani; S. Morandi. Practical considerations regarding high resolution gamma-spectrometry measurements of naturally occurring radioactive samples. Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry 2008, 277, 579 -585.

AMA Style

Massimo Oddone, L. Giordani, F. Giacobbo, Mario Mariani, S. Morandi. Practical considerations regarding high resolution gamma-spectrometry measurements of naturally occurring radioactive samples. Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry. 2008; 277 (3):579-585.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Massimo Oddone; L. Giordani; F. Giacobbo; Mario Mariani; S. Morandi. 2008. "Practical considerations regarding high resolution gamma-spectrometry measurements of naturally occurring radioactive samples." Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry 277, no. 3: 579-585.

Journal article
Published: 31 January 2007 in Annals of Nuclear Energy
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In the current proposed solutions of radioactive waste repositories, the protective function against the radionuclide water-driven transport back to the biosphere is to be provided by an integrated system of engineered and natural geologic barriers. The occurrence of several nonlinear interactions during the radionuclide migration process may render burdensome the classical analytical–numerical approaches. Moreover, the heterogeneity of the barriers’ media forces approximations to the classical analytical–numerical models, thus reducing their fidelity to reality. In an attempt to overcome these difficulties, in the present paper we adopt a Monte Carlo simulation approach, previously developed on the basis of the Kolmogorov–Dmitriev theory of branching stochastic processes. The approach is here extended for describing transport through unsaturated porous media under transient flow conditions and in presence of nonlinear\ud interchange phenomena between the liquid and solid phases. This generalization entails the determination of the functional dependence of the parameters of the proposed transport model from the water content and from the contaminant concentration, which change in space and time during the water infiltration process. The corresponding Monte Carlo simulation approach is verified with respect to a case of nonreactive transport under transient unsaturated flow and to a case of nonlinear reactive transport under stationary saturated flow. Numerical applications regarding linear and nonlinear reactive transport under transient unsaturated flow are reported

ACS Style

F. Giacobbo; Edoardo Patelli. Monte Carlo simulation of nonlinear reactive contaminant transport in unsaturated porous media. Annals of Nuclear Energy 2007, 34, 51 -63.

AMA Style

F. Giacobbo, Edoardo Patelli. Monte Carlo simulation of nonlinear reactive contaminant transport in unsaturated porous media. Annals of Nuclear Energy. 2007; 34 (1-2):51-63.

Chicago/Turabian Style

F. Giacobbo; Edoardo Patelli. 2007. "Monte Carlo simulation of nonlinear reactive contaminant transport in unsaturated porous media." Annals of Nuclear Energy 34, no. 1-2: 51-63.

Journal article
Published: 31 March 2003 in Annals of Nuclear Energy
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In the current conception of some permanent repositories for radioactive wastes, these are trapped, after proper conditioning, in cement matrices within special drums. These drums, in turn, are placed in a concrete container called a "module", in which the space between the drums is back-filled with grout. Finally, several modules are stacked within the concrete walls of the repositories. Through this multiple barrier design, typical of the nuclear industry, the disposal facility is expected to ensure adequate protection of man and environment against the radiological impacts of the wastes by meeting various functional objectives which aim at limiting the release of radionuclides. Because one of the principal mechanisms of release of radionuclides is through water infiltration into the various constituents of the repository and subsequent percolation into the groundwater system, it is of utmost importance to study the phenomena of advection and dispersion of radionuclides in the artificial porous matrices hosting the waste (near field) and, subsequently, in the natural rock matrix of the host geosphere (far field). This paper addresses the issue of radionuclide transport through the artificial porous matrices constituting the engineered barriers of the repository's near field. The complexity of the phenomena involved, augmented by the heterogeneity and stochasticity of the media in which transport occurs, renders classical analytical-numerical approaches scarcely adequate for realistic representation of the system of interest. Hence, we propound the use of a Monte Carlo simulation method based on the Kolmogorov and Dmitriev theory of branching stochastic processes

ACS Style

Marzio Marseguerra; Enrico Zio; Edoardo Patelli; Francesca Giacobbo; Piero Risoluti; Giancarlo Ventura; Giorgio Mingrone. Modeling the effects of the engineered barriers of a radioactive waste repository by Monte Carlo simulation. Annals of Nuclear Energy 2003, 30, 473 -496.

AMA Style

Marzio Marseguerra, Enrico Zio, Edoardo Patelli, Francesca Giacobbo, Piero Risoluti, Giancarlo Ventura, Giorgio Mingrone. Modeling the effects of the engineered barriers of a radioactive waste repository by Monte Carlo simulation. Annals of Nuclear Energy. 2003; 30 (4):473-496.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Marzio Marseguerra; Enrico Zio; Edoardo Patelli; Francesca Giacobbo; Piero Risoluti; Giancarlo Ventura; Giorgio Mingrone. 2003. "Modeling the effects of the engineered barriers of a radioactive waste repository by Monte Carlo simulation." Annals of Nuclear Energy 30, no. 4: 473-496.

Journal article
Published: 03 March 2003 in Mathematics and Computers in Simulation
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This paper addresses the problem of radionuclides transport through the artificial porous matrices constituting the engineered barriers of a permanent deposit for radioactive wastes under design by the Italian Agency for Energy and Environment (ENEA). The complexity of the phenomena involved, augmented by the heterogeneity and stochasticity of the media in which transport occurs, renders the classical analytical–numerical approaches scarcely adequate for a close-to-reality modeling. Hence, we propound the use of a Monte Carlo simulation method based on the Kolmogorov and Dmitriev theory of branching stochastic processes.

ACS Style

Marzio Marseguerra; Enrico Zio; Edoardo Patelli; Francesca Giacobbo; Giancarlo Ventura; Giorgio Mingrone. Monte Carlo simulation of contaminant release from a radioactive waste deposit. Mathematics and Computers in Simulation 2003, 62, 421 -430.

AMA Style

Marzio Marseguerra, Enrico Zio, Edoardo Patelli, Francesca Giacobbo, Giancarlo Ventura, Giorgio Mingrone. Monte Carlo simulation of contaminant release from a radioactive waste deposit. Mathematics and Computers in Simulation. 2003; 62 (3-6):421-430.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Marzio Marseguerra; Enrico Zio; Edoardo Patelli; Francesca Giacobbo; Giancarlo Ventura; Giorgio Mingrone. 2003. "Monte Carlo simulation of contaminant release from a radioactive waste deposit." Mathematics and Computers in Simulation 62, no. 3-6: 421-430.