This paper deals with life cycle analysis of three wooden houses in terms of environmental impact indicators, construction, and operational costs. At the same time, indoor environmental quality of the houses is investigated. From the results achieved, it can be concluded that wooden house 3 shows the lowest emissions of CO2e/m2.year compared to other houses. Based on overall investigation wooden house 1 is the most advantageous. Concrete structures and mineral wool have the highest share of global warming potential. On the contrary wooden house 3 has the largest life cycle costs. Results of indoor environmental quality show that the permissible limits of the measured physical and chemical factors are not exceeded during the measurement.

The construction sector produces more than 35% of the total amount of waste in Europe and for around 36% of emissions. This paper deals with the life cycle analysis of three alternatives of a residential building in terms of carbon footprint. At the same time, the analysis focuses on the end-of-life phase and its significance for the reduction of the carbon footprint. From the results obtained, it can be concluded that variant three has the lowest CO_2eq/m² emission levels compared to those of the other two variants. Based on the overall investigation of the end-of-life phase, this study found that the reuse of brick material contributed the most to the reduction of the overall emissions.

This research work is focused on the analysis of external wall compositions from environmental and economic indicators. In accordance with the EU action plan for circular economy, which contains specific measures covering all links of the value chain from the extraction of raw materials, through production, consumption, repair, sorting, waste management to return of materials to the production process as secondary materials, this paper is also focused on comparing the investigated compositions from the circular economy point of view. The 50-year lifetime results of life cycle assessment (LCA) illustrate that the highest greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions belong to external wall composition with burnt brick with value of 180.79 kg CO_2e followed by composition with autoclaved aerated concrete (135.45 kg CO_2e). The lowest GHG emissions are determined for the external wall composition with CLT panels (50.25 kg CO_2e). The lowest life cycle cost nominal, undiscounted, includes inflation is assigned for W4 (96 €) and the highest LCC nominal, undiscounted, includes inflation is assigned for W3 (860 €). The composition with CLT panels also achieves the best result in multi-criteria analysis involving LCA and life cycle costing (LCC). Materials such lime-cement plaster, dry mortar mixture and penetration acrylic fixative belong to the material with most wastage. The findings of the research facilitate the determination of environmental and economic impact of envelope systems and support building construction with minimized carbon footprint.

The construction industry has high energy consumption and environmental impact, such as greenhouse gases, acidification, and the like, leading to concerns about the environmental impact of buildings on climate change. Sustainable and ecological construction requires innovation in materials and their durability to support a low-carbon and efficient city. The construction industry needs measures to reduce emissions, and buildings are assessed using methods such as Life Cycle Assessment, which allows for a holistic view and supports sustainable development. Timber roofs are crucial in the fight against the environmental crisis, as buildings have a significant impact on lower greenhouse gas emissions.

Construction industry is rapidly prospering. With numbers as high as they are in the construction industry, it is imperative to find alternative building materials and reduce waste. Proper combination and selection of materials helps to reduce the environmental burden on the surroundings. It is therefore appropriate to use local, natural, renewable, recyclable and low-emission materials in their production, which also helps to promote biodiversity and to restore and replace green spaces. In the fight against climate change, the construction industry is trying to reduce the emissions of buildings by means of life cycle assessment. The study assessed the life cycle of 55 wooden timber roofs in terms of their environmental impact. Based on the assessment of the timber roof compositions, it can be concluded that the best rating was achieved by the composition with structural construction timber, cellulose insulation, vented gap and aggregate backfill. When using wood fibre and cellulose insulation, a 65% reduction in global warming emissions is achieved.