The globalized world has experienced significant environmental degradation together with raising global production and population. In this context, the employment of renewable energy use has become crucial for a sustainable environment and development. In the research, the mutual causality among renewable energy, trade and financial globalization, real GDP per capita, and CO₂ emissions in EU transition economies experiencing the integration with global economy was explored through bootstrap panel Granger causality test for the period of 1995–2015. The causality analysis revealed a unilateral causality from trade globalization to renewable energy in Estonia, Latvia, and Slovenia, and from renewable energy to trade globalization in Croatia and Lithuania. However, no significant causality between financial globalization and renewable energy was revealed. On the other side, a unilateral causality from CO₂ emissions to renewable energy in Lithuania and Slovenia, and from renewable energy to CO₂ emissions in Czechia, Hungary, and Latvia and a reciprocal causality between renewable energy to CO₂ emissions in Romania and Slovakia and a unilateral causality from real GDP per capita to renewable energy in Czechia, Romania, and Slovenia was discovered in the causality analysis.

The main objective of the research is to analyze the impact of financial sector development indicators and financial institutions access on primary energy use based on a sample of European Union transition members over 20 years period (1996–2017) through panel cointegration and causality tests that allow for cross-section dependence. The causality analysis revealed that the direction of the causality among financial development indicators, financial institutions access, and primary energy use varied among the countries. On the other side, panel cointegration coefficients disclosed that the financial development index positively affected the primary energy use, but private credit did not have a significant effect on the primary energy use. Furthermore, financial institutions’ access had a significant negative impact on primary energy use. However, country-level cointegration coefficients indicated that the financial development index positively affected the primary energy use in Bulgaria, Croatia, Czechia, Hungary, and Slovenia, and private credit also had a positive impact on primary energy use in Bulgaria, Czechia, Estonia, Hungary, Lithuania, Poland, and Slovakia, but the effect of financial development index on primary energy use was found to be very higher than that of private credit. Moreover, financial institutions’ access negatively affected the primary energy use in Croatia, Estonia, Hungary, Poland, and Romania.

Energy is life blood of all economies and an indispensable prerequisite for all economic activities and consequently factors influencing the energy consumption are of vital importance. Therefore, this study investigates the effect of education together with financial development on energy consumption in sample of BRICS economies over the 1990–2019 period by means of second-generation cointegration and causality analyses thanks to the small number of empirical studies. The causality analysis unveils a one-way causal effect from education to primary energy consumption, but an insignificant causality between financial development and primary energy consumption. The cointegration analysis uncovers a strong positive effect of education at panel level and in all BRICS economies in the long-term, but financial sector development has a significant positive influence on primary energy use only in South Africa in the long-term. The findings of the study reveal that education considerably increases the primary energy use in the BRICS economies through economic growth channel, but financial sector development has not been a significant determinant of primary energy use yet. However, the BRICS economies should attach more importance to green technology and energy focused growth for sustainable growth and development.

This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of the exchange rate channel as a monetary transmission mechanism in Yemen, using technique of the Vector Autoregression (VAR) model and its help tools, such as impulse reaction function analysis and variance decomposition analysis in 1991–2018. The results of the study were compatible with theoretical expectations for the exchange rate (EXR) impact on the net exports (NX), the real economic growth (RGDP), and the inflation rate (CPI). Consequently, the exchange rate channel plays an important role in transferring the impact of monetary policy decisions to RGDP and the CPI in Yemeni economy. Our study has shown the effectiveness of the exchange rate channel in influencing both RGDP and CPI, due to the large role that the exchange rate plays in influencing economic activity in Yemen since the Yemeni economy is highly open to other economies.

İtalyan asıllı iktisadi düşünür Piero Sraffa (1898-1983), 20.’ci yüzyılın en özgün ve önemli ekonomi teorisyenlerinden biri olarak kabul edilmektedir. Neoklasik ekonomiye yönelttiği önemli eleştiriler ile tanınan Sraffa aynı zamanda klasik ekonominin yeniden canlanmasına yaptığı katkılarla da ün kazanmıştır. Sraffa’nın başlıca eseri olan “Malların Mallarla Üretimi - İktisat Kuramını Eleştiriye Açış” (1960), ekonomik sistemlerde değer ve dağılımı analiz eden neo-Ricardocu iktisadi düşünce okulunun temellerini atmıştır. Sraffa ayrıca Ricardo’nun yazılarının etkili baskılarını da yayınladı. Bu çalışma Sraffa’nın görüşlerini farklı açılardan ele almakta ve Sraffa’nın iktisadi düşünce tarihindeki rolünü açıklamaya çalışmaktadır.

Yolsuzluk ve terörizm, dünyada bazı gelişmekte olan ve az gelişmiş ülkelerin iki yaygın özelliğidir. Bu çalışma, nedensellik analizini kullanarak 2007-2019 döneminde 12 Orta Doğu ve Kuzey Afrika ülkesinde yolsuzluk ve terörizm arasındaki iki yönlü ilişkiyi incelemektedir. Nedensellik analizi bulguları, Ürdün'de yolsuzluk ve terörizm arasında çift yönlü bir nedensellik, Suudi Arabistan ve Tunus'ta yolsuzluktan terörizme doğru tek yönlü bir nedensellik ve Fas ile Yemen'de terörizmden yolsuzluğa doğru tek yönlü bir nedensellik ortaya koymuştur.