The track of medical imaging has witnessed several advancements in the last years. Several medical imaging modalities have appeared in the last decades including X-ray, Computed Tomography (CT), Magnetic Resonance (MR), Positron Emission Tomography (PET), Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) and ultrasound imaging. Generally, medical images are used for the diagnosis purpose. Each type of acquired images has some merits and limitations. To maximize medical images utilization for the purpose of diagnosis, medical imaging fusion trend has appeared as a hot research field. Different medical imaging modalities are fused to obtain new images with complementary information. This paper presents a survey study of medical imaging modalities and their characteristics. In addition, different medical image fusion approaches and their appropriate quality metrics are presented. The main aim of this comprehensive survey analysis is to contribute in the advancement of medical image approaches that can help for better diagnosis of different diseases.

The High-Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) selective encryption (SE) technique is developed based on encrypting the high sensitive data in the video bit stream with keeping the video format compliance, same bit rate and real time constraints. This paper presents a new proposed HEVC SE technique that uses the RC6 block cipher algorithm for encrypting the video bins that use the bypass mode in the entropy process. The proposed RC6-based HEVC SE encrypts the DCT coefficients sign bits, the DCT remaining absolute value suffixes that is binarized by Exp-Golomb (EGk) order zero (EG0), the MVD sign bits and MVD absolute value suffixes that is binarized by Exp-Golomb (EGk) order one (EG1). The contribution of the proposed RC6-based HEVC SE is to encrypt the sensitive video bits with the features of low complexity overhead, fast encoding time for real time applications, keeping the HEVC constant bitrate and format compliant. This features result from using the low computational complexity RC6 block cipher for encrypting the selective video bins. Also this paper introduces an experimental results that compare between the proposed RC6-based HEVC SE and HEVC selective encryption algorithms that use the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) in CFB, CBC, ECB, OFB and CRT operation modes. This paper presents more details about the security analysis of the proposed RC6-based HEVC SE including the encryption quality analysis, the key space analysis, statistical analysis like histogram and correlation coefficient analysis and sensitivity analysis like the key sensitivity analysis. The achieved test results ensure the security, reliability and robustness of the proposed RC6-based HEVC SE algorithm.

This review summarizes recent advances in sensors based on photonic crystal technologies for biomedical sensing applications. Photonic crystal sensing offers enormous promise due to their clear benefits in sensitivity, stability, compactness, portability. This work discusses several photonic crystal structures, such as photonic crystal waveguides, cavities, and photonic crystal fiber for biomedical sensing applications. The uniqueness, measurement technique, and biosensing properties of each type of these structures are discussed. Furthermore, manufacturing and functionally relevant properties that include design simplicity, compactness, and multi-wavelength operation are also reviewed. They are explored, organized, and compared using the most recent related literature in this field. Finally, a brief of novel trends has been introduced.