The application of recycled aggregates in the asphalt industry has been investigated in recent decades. However, low percentages of these materials have practically been used in asphalt mixtures because of the limitations set by the relevant specifications due to their performance uncertainties. This research investigates the feasibility of increasing the percentage of recycled aggregates to 100% in hot mix asphalt (HMA). Recycled concrete aggregate (RCA), recycled glass (RG), and reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) were used to develop HMAs suitable for roads with light to medium traffic. First, potential mix designs were proposed using an innovative approach considering the industry’s needs. Next, the volumetric properties, tensile strength, moisture sensitivity and resilient modulus response of the mixtures under different temperature conditions were determined and compared. In general, the proposed recycled material HMA exhibited superior mechanical and resilient modulus performances, i.e., 45 to 145% increase in stiffness, and up to 99% higher in Marshall stability. Furthermore, higher tensile strength ratios of the recycled material mixtures indicated a greater resistance to water damage, and hence greater durability. The findings of this research provide evidence-based insights into the increased proportion of recycled materials in the construction of asphalt pavements, thereby promoting sustainable pavement construction materials.

With the rise of smart water cities, water resource management has become increasingly important. The increase in the use of intelligent leak detection technologies in the water, gas, oil, and chemical industries has led to a significant improvement in safety, customer, and environmental results, and management costs. The aim of this review article is to provide a comprehensive overview of the application of software and hardware-based technologies in leak detection and bursts in water pipeline networks. This review aims to investigate the existing literature on the subject and to analyse the key leak detection systems in the water industry. The novelty of this review is the comprehensive analysis of the literature on software and hardware-based technologies for leak and burst detection in water pipe networks. Overall, this review article contributes to understanding the latest developments and challenges in the application of software- and hardware-based technologies for leak and burst detection in water pipe networks, and serves as a valuable resource for researchers, engineers, and practitioners working in the field of water distribution systems.