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Prof. Giorgio Roth
University of Genoa

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Research Keywords & Expertise

0 Geomorphology
0 Hydrology
0 Water Resource Management
0 Flood Risk Assessment and Management
0 Hydraulics and River Dynamics

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Hydrology
Geomorphology

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Short Biography

Giorgio Roth, Dean of the Polytechnic School of Engineering and Architecture of the University of Genoa, is Full Professor of Hydrology and Hydraulic and Coastal Structures. Graduated cum laude in Civil Engineering at the University of Genoa in 1982, he holds a Ph.D. in Hydrodynamics from the University of Padova, 1987. His teaching, research and operational experience belongs to hydrology, hydraulics and hydraulic structures with emphasis on geomorphology, river and drainage network dynamics, water resources planning and risk management.

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Journal article
Published: 02 December 2020 in Remote Sensing
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The assessment of the number of people exposed to natural hazards, especially in countries with strong urban growth, is difficult to be updated at the same rate as land use develops. This paper presents a remote sensing-based procedure for quickly updating the assessment of the population exposed to natural hazards. A relationship between satellite nightlights intensity and urbanization density from global available cartography is first assessed when all data are available. This is used to extrapolate urbanization data at different time steps, updating exposure each time new nightlights intensity maps are available. To test the reliability of the proposed methodology, the number of people exposed to riverine flood in Italy is assessed, deriving a probabilistic relationship between DMSP nightlights intensity and urbanization density from the GUF database for the year 2011. People exposed to riverine flood are assessed crossing the population distributed on the derived urbanization density with flood hazard zones provided by ISPRA. The validation against reliable exposures derived from ISTAT data shows good agreement. The possibility to update exposure maps with a higher refresh rate makes this approach particularly suitable for applications in developing countries, where urbanization and population densities may change at a sub-yearly time scale.

ACS Style

Giorgio Boni; Silvia De Angeli; Angela Taramasso; Giorgio Roth. Remote Sensing-Based Methodology for the Quick Update of the Assessment of the Population Exposed to Natural Hazards. Remote Sensing 2020, 12, 3943 .

AMA Style

Giorgio Boni, Silvia De Angeli, Angela Taramasso, Giorgio Roth. Remote Sensing-Based Methodology for the Quick Update of the Assessment of the Population Exposed to Natural Hazards. Remote Sensing. 2020; 12 (23):3943.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Giorgio Boni; Silvia De Angeli; Angela Taramasso; Giorgio Roth. 2020. "Remote Sensing-Based Methodology for the Quick Update of the Assessment of the Population Exposed to Natural Hazards." Remote Sensing 12, no. 23: 3943.

Preprint
Published: 21 October 2020
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The assessment of the number of people exposed to natural hazards, especially in countries with strong urban growth, is difficult to be updated at the same rate as land use develops. This paper presents a remote sensing based procedure for quick updating the assessment of the population exposed to natural hazards. A relationship between satellite nightlights intensity and urbanization density from global available cartography is first assessed when all data are available. This can be used to extrapolate urbanization data at different time steps, updating exposure each time new nightlights intensity maps are available. As reliability test for the proposed methodology, the number of people exposed to riverine flood in Italy is assessed, deriving a probabilistic relationship between DMSP nightlights intensity and urbanization density from GUF database for the year 2011. People exposed to riverine flood are assessed crossing the population distributed on the derived urbanization density with flood hazard zones provided by ISPRA. The validation on reliable exposures derived from ISTAT data shows good agreement. The possibility to update exposure maps with higher refresh rate makes this approach particularly suitable for applications in developing countries, where exposure may change at sub-yearly scale.

ACS Style

Giorgio Boni; Silvia De Angeli; Angela Celeste Taramasso; Giorgio Roth. Remote Sensing Based Methodology for the Quick Update of Population Exposed to Natural Hazards. 2020, 1 .

AMA Style

Giorgio Boni, Silvia De Angeli, Angela Celeste Taramasso, Giorgio Roth. Remote Sensing Based Methodology for the Quick Update of Population Exposed to Natural Hazards. . 2020; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Giorgio Boni; Silvia De Angeli; Angela Celeste Taramasso; Giorgio Roth. 2020. "Remote Sensing Based Methodology for the Quick Update of Population Exposed to Natural Hazards." , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 09 January 2016 in Soft Computing
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Supervised and semi-supervised machine-learning techniques are applied and compared for the recognition of the flood hazard. The learning goal consists in distinguishing between flood-exposed and marginal-risk areas. Kernel-based binary classifiers using six quantitative morphological features, derived from data stored in digital elevation models, are trained to model the relationship between morphology and the flood hazard. According to the experimental outcomes, such classifiers are appropriate tools when one is interested in performing an initial low-cost detection of flood-exposed areas, to be possibly refined in successive steps by more time-consuming and costly investigations by experts. The use of these automatic classification techniques is valuable, e.g., in insurance applications, where one is interested in estimating the flood hazard of areas for which limited labeled information is available. The proposed machine-learning techniques are applied to the basin of the Italian Tanaro River. The experimental results show that for this case study, semi-supervised methods outperform supervised ones when—the number of labeled examples being the same for the two cases—only a few labeled examples are used, together with a much larger number of unsupervised ones.

ACS Style

Giorgio Gnecco; Rita Morisi; Giorgio Roth; Marcello Sanguineti; Angela Celeste Taramasso. Supervised and semi-supervised classifiers for the detection of flood-prone areas. Soft Computing 2016, 21, 3673 -3685.

AMA Style

Giorgio Gnecco, Rita Morisi, Giorgio Roth, Marcello Sanguineti, Angela Celeste Taramasso. Supervised and semi-supervised classifiers for the detection of flood-prone areas. Soft Computing. 2016; 21 (13):3673-3685.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Giorgio Gnecco; Rita Morisi; Giorgio Roth; Marcello Sanguineti; Angela Celeste Taramasso. 2016. "Supervised and semi-supervised classifiers for the detection of flood-prone areas." Soft Computing 21, no. 13: 3673-3685.

Journal article
Published: 01 September 2014 in Journal of Hydrology
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Three different geomorphic approaches to the identification of flood prone areas are investigated by means of a comparative analysis of the input parameters, the performances and the range of applicability. The selected algorithms are: the method proposed by Manfreda et al. (2011) based on a modified version of the Topographic Index (. TIm); the linear binary classifier proposed by Degiorgis et al. (2012), which uses different geomorphic features related to the location of the site under exam with respect to the nearest hazard source; the hydro-geomorphic method by Nardi et al. (2006) simulating inundation flow depths along the river valley with the associated extent of surrounding inundated areas. Comparison has been carried out on two sub-catchments of the Tiber River in Central Italy. The simulated flooded areas, obtained using the selected three methods, are evaluated using as a reference the Tiber River Basin Authority standard flood maps. The aim of the research is to deepen our understanding on the potential of geomorphic algorithms and to define new strategies for prompt hydraulic risk mapping and preliminary flood hazard graduation. This is of foremost importance when detailed hydrologic and hydraulic studies are not available, e.g., over large regions and for ungauged basins

ACS Style

Salvatore Manfreda; Fernando Nardi; Caterina Samela; Salvatore Grimaldi; Angela Celeste Taramasso; Giorgio Roth; Aurelia Sole. Investigation on the use of geomorphic approaches for the delineation of flood prone areas. Journal of Hydrology 2014, 517, 863 -876.

AMA Style

Salvatore Manfreda, Fernando Nardi, Caterina Samela, Salvatore Grimaldi, Angela Celeste Taramasso, Giorgio Roth, Aurelia Sole. Investigation on the use of geomorphic approaches for the delineation of flood prone areas. Journal of Hydrology. 2014; 517 ():863-876.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Salvatore Manfreda; Fernando Nardi; Caterina Samela; Salvatore Grimaldi; Angela Celeste Taramasso; Giorgio Roth; Aurelia Sole. 2014. "Investigation on the use of geomorphic approaches for the delineation of flood prone areas." Journal of Hydrology 517, no. : 863-876.

Journal article
Published: 01 February 2014 in Journal of Hydrometeorology
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The summer monsoon season is an important hydrometeorological feature of the Indian subcontinent and it has significant socioeconomic impacts. This study is aimed at understanding the processes associated with the occurrence of catastrophic flood events. The study has two novel features that add to the existing body of knowledge about the South Asian monsoon: 1) it combines traditional hydrometeorological observations (rain gauge measurements) with unconventional data (media and state historical records of reported flooding) to produce value-added century-long time series of potential flood events and 2) it identifies the larger regional synoptic conditions leading to days with flood potential in the time series. The promise of mining unconventional data to extend hydrometeorological records is demonstrated in this study. The synoptic evolution of flooding events in the western-central coast of India and the densely populated Mumbai area are shown to correspond to active monsoon periods with embedded low pressure centers and have far-upstream influences from the western edge of the Indian Ocean basin. The coastal processes along the Arabian Peninsula where the currents interact with the continental shelf are found to be key features of extremes during the South Asian monsoon.

ACS Style

Marco Lomazzi; Dara Entekhabi; Joaquim G. Pinto; Giorgio Roth; Roberto Rudari. Synoptic Preconditions for Extreme Flooding during the Summer Asian Monsoon in the Mumbai Area. Journal of Hydrometeorology 2014, 15, 229 -242.

AMA Style

Marco Lomazzi, Dara Entekhabi, Joaquim G. Pinto, Giorgio Roth, Roberto Rudari. Synoptic Preconditions for Extreme Flooding during the Summer Asian Monsoon in the Mumbai Area. Journal of Hydrometeorology. 2014; 15 (1):229-242.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Marco Lomazzi; Dara Entekhabi; Joaquim G. Pinto; Giorgio Roth; Roberto Rudari. 2014. "Synoptic Preconditions for Extreme Flooding during the Summer Asian Monsoon in the Mumbai Area." Journal of Hydrometeorology 15, no. 1: 229-242.

Journal article
Published: 03 December 2013 in Irrigation and Drainage
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ACS Style

Massimiliano DeGiorgis; Giorgio Gnecco; Silvia Gorni; Giorgio Roth; Marcello Sanguineti; Angela Celeste Taramasso. FLOOD HAZARD ASSESSMENT VIA THRESHOLD BINARY CLASSIFIERS: CASE STUDY OF THE TANARO RIVER BASIN. Irrigation and Drainage 2013, 62, 1 -10.

AMA Style

Massimiliano DeGiorgis, Giorgio Gnecco, Silvia Gorni, Giorgio Roth, Marcello Sanguineti, Angela Celeste Taramasso. FLOOD HAZARD ASSESSMENT VIA THRESHOLD BINARY CLASSIFIERS: CASE STUDY OF THE TANARO RIVER BASIN. Irrigation and Drainage. 2013; 62 (S2):1-10.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Massimiliano DeGiorgis; Giorgio Gnecco; Silvia Gorni; Giorgio Roth; Marcello Sanguineti; Angela Celeste Taramasso. 2013. "FLOOD HAZARD ASSESSMENT VIA THRESHOLD BINARY CLASSIFIERS: CASE STUDY OF THE TANARO RIVER BASIN." Irrigation and Drainage 62, no. S2: 1-10.

Journal article
Published: 01 November 2012 in Journal of Hydrology
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Summary A technique is presented for the identification of the areas subject to flooding hazard. Starting from remote sensed elevation data and existing flood hazard maps – usually available for limited areas – the relationships between selected quantitative morphologic features and the flooding hazard are first identified and then used to extend the hazard information to the entire catchment. This is performed through techniques of pattern classification, such as linear classifiers based on quantitative morphologic features, and support vector machines with linear and Gaussian kernels. The experiment starts by discriminating between flood-prone areas and marginal hazard areas. Multiclass classifiers are subsequently used to graduate the hazard. Their designs amount to solving suitable optimization problems. Several performance measures are considered in comparing the different classifiers, such as the area under the receiver operating characteristics curve, and the sum of the false positive and false negative rates. The procedure has been validated for the Tanaro basin, a tributary to the major Italian river, the Po. Results show a high reliability: the classifier properly identifies 93 of flood-prone areas, and only 14 of the areas subject to a marginal hazard are improperly assigned. An increase of this latter value up to 19 is detected when the same structure is applied for hazard graduation. Results derived from the application to different catchments seem to qualitatively indicate the ability of the classifier to perform well also outside the calibration region. Pattern classification techniques should be considered when the identification of flood-prone areas and hazard grading is required for large regions (e.g., for civil protection or insurance purposes) or when a first identification is needed (e.g., to address further detailed flood-mapping activities)

ACS Style

Massimiliano Degiorgis; Giorgio Gnecco; Silvia Gorni; Giorgio Roth; Marcello Sanguineti; Angela Celeste Taramasso. Classifiers for the detection of flood-prone areas using remote sensed elevation data. Journal of Hydrology 2012, 470-471, 302 -315.

AMA Style

Massimiliano Degiorgis, Giorgio Gnecco, Silvia Gorni, Giorgio Roth, Marcello Sanguineti, Angela Celeste Taramasso. Classifiers for the detection of flood-prone areas using remote sensed elevation data. Journal of Hydrology. 2012; 470-471 ():302-315.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Massimiliano Degiorgis; Giorgio Gnecco; Silvia Gorni; Giorgio Roth; Marcello Sanguineti; Angela Celeste Taramasso. 2012. "Classifiers for the detection of flood-prone areas using remote sensed elevation data." Journal of Hydrology 470-471, no. : 302-315.

Journal article
Published: 04 January 2012 in Journal of Hydrology
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ACS Style

Tatiana Ghizzoni; Giorgio Roth; Roberto Rudari. Multisite flooding hazard assessment in the Upper Mississippi River. Journal of Hydrology 2012, 412-413, 101 -113.

AMA Style

Tatiana Ghizzoni, Giorgio Roth, Roberto Rudari. Multisite flooding hazard assessment in the Upper Mississippi River. Journal of Hydrology. 2012; 412-413 ():101-113.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Tatiana Ghizzoni; Giorgio Roth; Roberto Rudari. 2012. "Multisite flooding hazard assessment in the Upper Mississippi River." Journal of Hydrology 412-413, no. : 101-113.

Journal article
Published: 31 October 2010 in Advances in Water Resources
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The multivariate version of the skew‐t distribution provides a powerful analytical description of the joint behavior of multivariate processes. It enjoys valuable properties: from the aptitude to model skewed as well as leptokurtic datasets to the availability of moments and likelihood analytical expressions. Moreover, it offers a wide range of extremal dependence strength, allowing for upper and lower tail dependence. The idea underneath this work is to employ the multivariate skew‐t distribution to provide an estimation of the joint probability of flood events in a multi‐site multi‐basin approach. This constitutes the basis for the design and evaluation of flood hazard scenarios for large areas in terms of their intensity, extension and frequency, i.e. those information required by civil protection agencies to put in action mitigation strategies and by insurance companies to price the flooding risk and to evaluate portfolios. Performances of the skew‐t distribution and the corresponding t copula function, introduced to represent the state of the art for multivariate simulations, are discussed with reference to the Tanaro Basin, North‐western Italy. To enhance the characteristics of the correlation structure, three nested and non‐nested gauging stations are selected with contributing areas from 1500 to 8000 km2. A dataset of 76 trivariate flood events is extracted from a mean daily discharges database available for the time period from January 1995 to December 2003. Applications include the generation of multivariate skew‐t and t copula samples and models' comparison through the principle of minimum cross‐entropy, here revised for the application to multivariate samples. Copula and skew‐t based scenario return period estimations are provided for the November 1994 flood event, i.e. the worst on record in the 1801–2001 period. Results are encouraging: the skew‐t distribution seems able to describe the joint behavior, being close to the observations. Marginal distributions derived from the skew‐t multivariate fit are comparable to the observed ones, and the model is also able to describe the tail behavior

ACS Style

Tatiana Ghizzoni; Giorgio Roth; Roberto Rudari. Multivariate skew-t approach to the design of accumulation risk scenarios for the flooding hazard. Advances in Water Resources 2010, 33, 1243 -1255.

AMA Style

Tatiana Ghizzoni, Giorgio Roth, Roberto Rudari. Multivariate skew-t approach to the design of accumulation risk scenarios for the flooding hazard. Advances in Water Resources. 2010; 33 (10):1243-1255.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Tatiana Ghizzoni; Giorgio Roth; Roberto Rudari. 2010. "Multivariate skew-t approach to the design of accumulation risk scenarios for the flooding hazard." Advances in Water Resources 33, no. 10: 1243-1255.

Journal article
Published: 22 April 2010 in Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences
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ACS Style

A. Mugnai; Fausto Guzzetti; Giorgio Roth. Outcomes of the 9th EGU Plinius Conference on Mediterranean Storms (2007). Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 2010, 10, 875 -879.

AMA Style

A. Mugnai, Fausto Guzzetti, Giorgio Roth. Outcomes of the 9th EGU Plinius Conference on Mediterranean Storms (2007). Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences. 2010; 10 (4):875-879.

Chicago/Turabian Style

A. Mugnai; Fausto Guzzetti; Giorgio Roth. 2010. "Outcomes of the 9th EGU Plinius Conference on Mediterranean Storms (2007)." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 10, no. 4: 875-879.

Book chapter
Published: 06 November 2007 in Nato Science Series: IV: Earth and Environmental Sciences
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In the Mediterranean environment, specific aspects related to integrated water management are emphasized: water scarcity (droughts) or water excess (floods). Water-induced disasters are increasing in number and severity and international institutional frameworks to reduce disasters are being strengthened under the United Nations oversight. Italy, as well as many other Mediterranean countries, invested a large sum of money in water-related risk mitigation. In this paper, flood mitigation actions focusing on different aspects of the problem (urban planning and warning, floods management) and on different levels (scientific, technical, political, social) are presented. Their possible transfer into a broader integrated water management (IWM) scheme is discussed. Techniques for environmental data gathering from different sources (multi-sensor retrieved data), models for hydrologic cycle simulation and systems for social awareness improvement are described. These experiences where supported by different expertises that can be highly beneficial to other aspects of IWM levels from local to regional level. Keywords: integrated water management; early warning; natural hazards; disasters Reduction

ACS Style

Francesca Giannoni; Giorgio Roth; Roberto Rudari. The Value of the Italian Civil Protection System in Integrated Water Management For The Mediterranean Environment. Nato Science Series: IV: Earth and Environmental Sciences 2007, 33 -49.

AMA Style

Francesca Giannoni, Giorgio Roth, Roberto Rudari. The Value of the Italian Civil Protection System in Integrated Water Management For The Mediterranean Environment. Nato Science Series: IV: Earth and Environmental Sciences. 2007; ():33-49.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Francesca Giannoni; Giorgio Roth; Roberto Rudari. 2007. "The Value of the Italian Civil Protection System in Integrated Water Management For The Mediterranean Environment." Nato Science Series: IV: Earth and Environmental Sciences , no. : 33-49.

Journal article
Published: 31 October 2007 in Advances in Water Resources
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A methodology is proposed for the inference, at the regional and local scales, of flood magnitude and associated probability. Once properly set-up, this methodology is able to provide flood frequencies distributions at gauged and un-gauged river sections pertaining to the same homogeneous region, using information extracted from rainfall observations. A proper flood frequency distribution can be therefore predicted even in un-gauged watersheds, for which no discharge time series is available. In regions where objective considerations allow the assumption of probability distribution homogeneity, regional approaches are increasingly adopted as they present a higher reliability. The so-called “third level” in regional frequency analysis, that is the derivation of the local dimensional probability distribution from its regional non-dimensional counterpart is often a critical issue because of the high spatial variability of the position parameter, usually called “index flood”. While in gauged sites the time series average is often a good estimator for the index flood, in un-gauged sites as much information as possible about the site concerned should be taken into account. To solve this issue, the present work builds from the experience developed for regional rainfall and flood frequency analyses, and a hydrologic model, driven by a specific hyetograph, is used to bridge the gap between rainfall and flood frequencies distributions, identifying flood discharge magnitudes associated with given frequencies. Results obtained from the application in the Liguria region, Northern Italy, are reported, and validation is proposed in gauged sites against local flood frequency distributions, obtained either from local records or from the regional frequency distribution of non-dimensional annual discharge maxima, made dimensional with the local discharge record.

ACS Style

Giorgio Boni; Luca Ferraris; Francesca Giannoni; Giorgio Roth; Roberto Rudari. Flood probability analysis for un-gauged watersheds by means of a simple distributed hydrologic model. Advances in Water Resources 2007, 30, 2135 -2144.

AMA Style

Giorgio Boni, Luca Ferraris, Francesca Giannoni, Giorgio Roth, Roberto Rudari. Flood probability analysis for un-gauged watersheds by means of a simple distributed hydrologic model. Advances in Water Resources. 2007; 30 (10):2135-2144.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Giorgio Boni; Luca Ferraris; Francesca Giannoni; Giorgio Roth; Roberto Rudari. 2007. "Flood probability analysis for un-gauged watersheds by means of a simple distributed hydrologic model." Advances in Water Resources 30, no. 10: 2135-2144.

Journal article
Published: 28 June 2007 in Advances in Geosciences
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Hydrologic rainfall-runoff models are usually calibrated with reference to a limited number of recorded flood events, for which rainfall and runoff measurements are available. In this framework, model's parameters consistency depends on the number of both events and hydrograph points used for calibration, and on measurements reliability. Recently, to make users aware of application limits, major attention has been devoted to the estimation of uncertainty in hydrologic modelling. Here a simple numerical experiment is proposed, that allows the analysis of uncertainty in hydrologic rainfall-runoff modelling associated to both quantity and quality of available data. A distributed rainfall-runoff model based on geomorphologic concepts has been used. The experiment involves the analysis of an ensemble of model runs, and its overall set up holds if the model is to be applied in different catchments and climates, or even if a different hydrologic model is used. With reference to a set of 100 synthetic rainfall events characterized by a given rainfall volume, the effect of uncertainty in parameters calibration is studied. An artificial truth – perfect observation – is created by using the model in a known configuration. An external source of uncertainty is introduced by assuming realistic, i.e. uncertain, discharge observations to calibrate the model. The range of parameters' values able to "reproduce" the observation is studied. Finally, the model uncertainty is evaluated and discussed. The experiment gives useful indications about the number of both events and data points needed for a careful and stable calibration of a specific model, applied in a given climate and catchment. Moreover, an insight on the expected and maximum error in flood peak discharge simulations is given: errors ranging up to 40% are to be expected if parameters are calibrated on insufficient data sets.

ACS Style

T. Ghizzoni; F. Giannoni; Giorgio Roth; R. Rudari. The role of observation uncertainty in the calibration of hydrologic rainfall-runoff models. Advances in Geosciences 2007, 12, 33 -38.

AMA Style

T. Ghizzoni, F. Giannoni, Giorgio Roth, R. Rudari. The role of observation uncertainty in the calibration of hydrologic rainfall-runoff models. Advances in Geosciences. 2007; 12 ():33-38.

Chicago/Turabian Style

T. Ghizzoni; F. Giannoni; Giorgio Roth; R. Rudari. 2007. "The role of observation uncertainty in the calibration of hydrologic rainfall-runoff models." Advances in Geosciences 12, no. : 33-38.

Journal article
Published: 25 January 2006 in Advances in Geosciences
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Floods result from the limited carrying capacity of stream channels when compared to the discharge peak value. The transit of flood waves - with the associated erosion and sedimentation processes - often modifies local stream geometry. In some cases this results in a reduction of the stream carrying capacity, and consequently in an enhancement of the flooding risk. A mathematical model for the prediction of potential altimetric stream network evolution due to erosion and sedimentation processes is here formalized. It works at the regional scale, identifying the tendency of river segments to sedimentation, stability, or erosion. The model builds on geomorphologic concepts, and derives its parameters from extensive surveys. As a case study, tendencies of rivers pertaining to the Valle d'Aosta region are analyzed. Some validation is provided both at regional and local scales of analysis. Local validation is performed both through a mathematical model able to simulate the temporal evolution of the stream profile, and through comparison of the prediction with ante and post-event river surveys, where available. Overall results are strongly encouraging. Possible use of the information derived from the model in the context of flood and landslide hazard mitigation is briefly discussed.

ACS Style

T. Ghizzoni; M. Lomazzi; Giorgio Roth; R. Rudari. Regional scale analysis of the altimetric stream network evolution. Advances in Geosciences 2006, 7, 79 -83.

AMA Style

T. Ghizzoni, M. Lomazzi, Giorgio Roth, R. Rudari. Regional scale analysis of the altimetric stream network evolution. Advances in Geosciences. 2006; 7 ():79-83.

Chicago/Turabian Style

T. Ghizzoni; M. Lomazzi; Giorgio Roth; R. Rudari. 2006. "Regional scale analysis of the altimetric stream network evolution." Advances in Geosciences 7, no. : 79-83.

Journal article
Published: 30 June 2005 in Advances in Water Resources
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The synoptic and large-scale atmospheric conditions for heavy rainfall events in Northwestern Italy are diagnosed through the joint analysis of surface precipitation gauges and reanalysis atmospheric fields. Quantiles of local surface gauge precipitation observations are used to estimate the much larger-scale composite maps (conditional mean fields) of vertically integrated moisture flux, low-level winds, sea-level pressure, and 500 hPa height across the Atlantic and European domains. Remarkably, coarse-resolution reanalysis data show distinct synoptic conditions for heavy precipitation in localized regions that are below the resolution of the reanalysis. In this paper the key attributes of the new approach that is based on the joint analysis of gridded reanalysis and station data are presented. The application of the methodology are used to establish supporting evidence for hydrometeorological processes that lead to extreme precipitation across Northwest Italy. The results confirm the role of large-scale flow features that interact with regional topography in producing localized extreme precipitation. Whereas previous studies were based on a few case studies (modeled or observational), in this study the approach to producing a large ensemble of cases and composite statistics are introduced.

ACS Style

Roberto Rudari; Dara Entekhabi; Giorgio Roth. Large-scale atmospheric patterns associated with mesoscale features leading to extreme precipitation events in Northwestern Italy. Advances in Water Resources 2005, 28, 601 -614.

AMA Style

Roberto Rudari, Dara Entekhabi, Giorgio Roth. Large-scale atmospheric patterns associated with mesoscale features leading to extreme precipitation events in Northwestern Italy. Advances in Water Resources. 2005; 28 (6):601-614.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Roberto Rudari; Dara Entekhabi; Giorgio Roth. 2005. "Large-scale atmospheric patterns associated with mesoscale features leading to extreme precipitation events in Northwestern Italy." Advances in Water Resources 28, no. 6: 601-614.

Journal article
Published: 30 June 2005 in Advances in Water Resources
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Identifying channel initiation points is central to geomorphology and hydrology as they relate morphology, climate, and soil properties at the boundary between different surface runoff paths. Since catchment response is strongly influenced by the dynamics of water movement on the hillslope and in the channel, rainfall-runoff modeling is one of the fields in which improving the identification of channel initiation can lead to benefits. Among the various filtering criteria that can be found in the literature for channel recognition from digital elevation models, the one using contributing area and topographic slope shows interesting features in this context. Nevertheless, the area-slope criterion has been poorly applied. This is mainly due to the difficulties in objectively defining appropriate threshold values. This study proposes a new procedure to assess the area-slope threshold value. The resulting channel network is then used as input to a semi-distributed, event-based rainfall-runoff model able to describe severe rainfall events in small, steep basins. This model accounts for network and hillslope contributions to the total dispersion in the routing process, a key factor in determining the main features of the hydrologic response. In a geomorphologically homogeneous region, the set of model parameters shows interesting invariance properties with respect to storm and basin characteristics.

ACS Style

Francesca Giannoni; Giorgio Roth; Roberto Rudari. A procedure for drainage network identification from geomorphology and its application to the prediction of the hydrologic response. Advances in Water Resources 2005, 28, 567 -581.

AMA Style

Francesca Giannoni, Giorgio Roth, Roberto Rudari. A procedure for drainage network identification from geomorphology and its application to the prediction of the hydrologic response. Advances in Water Resources. 2005; 28 (6):567-581.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Francesca Giannoni; Giorgio Roth; Roberto Rudari. 2005. "A procedure for drainage network identification from geomorphology and its application to the prediction of the hydrologic response." Advances in Water Resources 28, no. 6: 567-581.

Journal article
Published: 09 May 2005 in Advances in Geosciences
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The operational meteo-hydrological forecasting chain of the Liguria Region (NW Italy) is applied to a different morphoclimatic environment, such as the Emilia Romagna Region (N Italy). Modification to the chain, both in models and in procedures, are introduced to overcome problems related to medium dimension catchments (A≈1000km2), characterized by complex altimetry profiles and antropical interventions along the river. The main feature of the original operational procedure, that is the probabilistic approach, is maintained. Hydraulic hazard reduction through artificial reservoirs management is exploited with reference to a specific event occurred on the Reno basin (Emilia Romagna Region).

ACS Style

S. Gabellani; F. Giannoni; Antonio Parodi; R. Rudari; A. C. Taramasso; Giorgio Roth. Applicability of a forecasting chain in a different morphological environment in Italy. Advances in Geosciences 2005, 2, 131 -134.

AMA Style

S. Gabellani, F. Giannoni, Antonio Parodi, R. Rudari, A. C. Taramasso, Giorgio Roth. Applicability of a forecasting chain in a different morphological environment in Italy. Advances in Geosciences. 2005; 2 ():131-134.

Chicago/Turabian Style

S. Gabellani; F. Giannoni; Antonio Parodi; R. Rudari; A. C. Taramasso; Giorgio Roth. 2005. "Applicability of a forecasting chain in a different morphological environment in Italy." Advances in Geosciences 2, no. : 131-134.

Journal article
Published: 01 June 2004 in Journal of Hydrometeorology
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The Mediterranean region is often affected by flooding and landslides due to heavy precipitation events. These events have been the subject of specific interest because they represent complex interaction of synoptic-scale upper-level steering flows and local topographic barriers. In the present work, data from a dense network of surface precipitation gauges over northern Italy and a global atmospheric analysis at a coarser scale are combined to develop a multiscale diagnostic model of the phenomenon. Composite maps are formed based on departures from climatology and standard deviation of sea level pressure, 500-hPa geopotential, wind, and water vapor flux. A diagnostic model is built based on the evidence that shows the spawning of secondary mesoscale features in the steering synoptic flow. The mesoscale features draw moisture and energy from local sources and cause extreme precipitation events over adjoining areas. The primary trough system steering the flow often originates in the North Sea and extends over middle Europe. When this system flows across the Alps, a secondary cyclone develops in the western Mediterranean, more frequently over the Gulf of Genoa on the lee side of the Alps barrier. The mesoscale cyclone is evident in the weather charts, and its signature is identifiable in the dense surface gauge network data, but it is not evident in the atmospheric analyses maps owing to their coarse resolution. Further analysis of the ensemble of such cases is made by manual inspection of daily all-Europe weather charts. Two precursor conditions for this mesoscale cyclogenesis are identified. It is shown that longitudinal blocking frequency over a larger region strongly differs from climatology (especially for the second one of these precursors). A low pressure center tracking algorithm is used to follow the evolution of some events. Two cases are presented as illustrative of the patterns identified by the ensemble composites.

ACS Style

Roberto Rudari; Dara Entekhabi; Giorgio Roth. Terrain and Multiple-Scale Interactions as Factors in Generating Extreme Precipitation Events. Journal of Hydrometeorology 2004, 5, 390 -404.

AMA Style

Roberto Rudari, Dara Entekhabi, Giorgio Roth. Terrain and Multiple-Scale Interactions as Factors in Generating Extreme Precipitation Events. Journal of Hydrometeorology. 2004; 5 (3):390-404.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Roberto Rudari; Dara Entekhabi; Giorgio Roth. 2004. "Terrain and Multiple-Scale Interactions as Factors in Generating Extreme Precipitation Events." Journal of Hydrometeorology 5, no. 3: 390-404.

Journal article
Published: 28 February 2003 in Advances in Water Resources
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High resolution radar rainfall fields and a distributed hydrologic model are combined for analysis and monitoring of extreme floods. Hydrologic modeling is based on a Hortonian infiltration model and a network-based representation of hillslope and channel flow. Model analyses are used to examine the hydrology and hydrometeorology of the 27 June 1995 Rapidan River flood which produced a measured peak discharge of 3000 m3 s−1 at a drainage area of 295 km2. The unit discharge of 10.2 m3 s−1 km−2 is the largest for the US east of the Mississippi River for basins larger than 100 km2. Rainfall estimates at 1 km horizontal scale and 5 min time scale are used to reconstruct flood response to the Rapidan storm at basin scales ranging from 1 to 295 km2. Peak storm total rainfall accumulations for the 27 June 1995 storm exceeded 600 mm in a time period of approximately 6 h. Scale dependent flood response is related to the structure and motion of the Rapidan storm and the drainage network structure of the Rapidan River basin. The envelope curve of peak discharge for the Rapidan flood at basin scales less than 295 km2, derived from model analyses, is compared with envelope curves, based on extensive indirect discharge measurements, from the 19 July 1942 Smethport, Pennsylvania flood and the 18–19 August 1969 Nelson County, Virginia flood. These three events largely define the envelope curve of flood peaks for the US east of the Mississippi River at basin scales less than 1000 km2. Analyses illustrate how radar rainfall estimates can be combined with conventional stream gaging and indirect discharge measurements to enhance monitoring of extreme floods.

ACS Style

Francesca Giannoni; James A. Smith; Yu Zhang; Giorgio Roth. Hydrologic modeling of extreme floods using radar rainfall estimates. Advances in Water Resources 2003, 26, 195 -203.

AMA Style

Francesca Giannoni, James A. Smith, Yu Zhang, Giorgio Roth. Hydrologic modeling of extreme floods using radar rainfall estimates. Advances in Water Resources. 2003; 26 (2):195-203.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Francesca Giannoni; James A. Smith; Yu Zhang; Giorgio Roth. 2003. "Hydrologic modeling of extreme floods using radar rainfall estimates." Advances in Water Resources 26, no. 2: 195-203.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2003 in Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/C
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ACS Style

F. Giannoni; G. Roth; R. Rudari. Can the behaviour of different basins be described by the same model’s parameter set? A geomorphologic framework. Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/C 2003, 28, 289 -295.

AMA Style

F. Giannoni, G. Roth, R. Rudari. Can the behaviour of different basins be described by the same model’s parameter set? A geomorphologic framework. Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/C. 2003; 28 (6):289-295.

Chicago/Turabian Style

F. Giannoni; G. Roth; R. Rudari. 2003. "Can the behaviour of different basins be described by the same model’s parameter set? A geomorphologic framework." Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/C 28, no. 6: 289-295.